Yintoni na le nto izitho iindlela zokwetyisa komntu? Inkcazelo ngesakhiwo umsebenzi

Le nkqubo yokusila has indawo ekhethekileyo emzimbeni womntu. Oku kukutya kwakhe zifunxe wendele amacandelo eziluncedo eziyimfuneko ukuze siphile. On esebenza ngayo kakuhle kuxhomekeke-ntle yonke eziphilayo. Yintoni olawulo inkqubo yokucola, yaye yintoni imisebenzi yabo? Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze siyiqonde ngakumbi.

imisebenzi

Xa abantu, indalo ayiboneleli nantoni engaphezulu. Kwindawo nganye yeencindi banikwe ethile uxanduva. Ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzisana iqinisekisa kwintlalontle umzimba nokulondoloza usempilweni.

sokugaya imisebenzi inkqubo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Motor-manual. Oku kuquka ukukhuhlana, ihamba kunye nokukhethwa ukutya.
2. Secretory. Eyenza ukuveliswa enqanda, amathe, ukutya, inyongo, aqukiweyo ukudla.
3. Sokufunxa. Ukunciphisa umzimba Ngaphandle ngayo iiprothini, isitatshi kunye amafutha, iiminerali, amanzi kunye neevithamini.

Motor-manual umsebenzi kukunciphisa esihlunwini uze usile ukutya, kwakunye echukumisayo yayo ezihambayo. umsebenzi Secretory kukuphuhlisa iiseli glandular ngayo ukutya. Ngenxa umsebenzi sokufunxa inikwa ukunikezelwa kwezondlo egazini kunye nkovu.

isakhiwo

Yintoni isakhiwo inkqubo zokwetyisa komntu? nesakhiwo sayo sijoliswe processing kunye nentshukumo kweekhomponenti yezimbiwa sasivela ngaphandle emzimbeni, kwakunye ukurhoxiswa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo kokusingqongileyo. Iindonga ometyiso Wenziwe ziimaleko ezine. Ngaphakathi ukuba zazizaliswe a inwebu yangaphakathi. It moisturizes udonga umjelo kwaye ikhuthaza sicatshulwa lula ukutya. Ngaphantsi oko submucosa. Enkosi ezibayeni zayo ezininzi emjelweni kumphezulu alimentary iba ezinkulu. Submucosa luvo eqonda plexus, neempahla emithanjeni kunye negazi. Eziseleyo Ingaphandle babini bangaphandle imifinya yangaphakathi kwezihlunu.

Inkqubo sokugaya iqulathe amalungu alandelayo:

• emlonyeni:
• umphimbo and pharynx;
• isisu;
• ikholoni;
• emathunjini amancinci;
• ndlala ukudla.

Ukuze siqonde umsebenzi wabo ukuze ayeke kwi nganye iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu.

emlonyeni

Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukutya okungena emlonyeni apho kuliwa processing ephambili. Amazinyo besila enze umsebenzi, ulwimi, enkosi ithupha incasa, ibekwe phezu kwayo, elivavanya umgangatho weemveliso ezingenayo. Ke kwamadlala amathe aqale iienzymes ezikhethekileyo ukufunxwa kunye ukwetyisa ukutya zaseprayimari. Emva unyango em- ngomlomo ingena nzulu enyama yangaphakathi, inkqubo yokucola iyaqhubeka nomsebenzi wayo.

Ukuze eli sebe kunganxulunyaniswa izihlunu abandakanyeka kwinkqubo ehlafuna.

Umphimbo and pharynx

Ukutya engena lweHo- ifanele-ezimile equka imicu kwezihlunu. Yiyo le Isakhiwo ithamo. Ngoncedo lomntu yakhe usela ukutya, uze emva koko ihamba phantsi kuvuleke iminxunya, uze emva koko ungena amalungu ephambili kwinkqubo yokwetyisa yabantu.

isisu

Kulo mzimba zixubene, kwaye ehlaziywe ukutya. Isisu Imbonakalo a sac dystrophy. Ngaphakathi kuyo ngumqulu usikrobana iilitha ukuya ku-2.

Umphezulu zawo liquka ezininzi kwamadlala, leyo kwenzeka ngenxa ukuveliswa ijusi zehydrochloric acid ezifunekayo ukwetyisa. Bahlomele components ukutya kunye negalelo phambili ngakumbi.

unobumba omncinci

Yintoni na ukuba imizimba inkqubo yokucola ukongezelela yomlomo kwisisu, pharynx, kuvuleke iminxunya emathunjini? Indiva kubo, ukutya ungena duodenum - ekuqaleni emathunjini amancinci. Ukutya uphantsi kweempembelelo incindi duct split ekhethekileyo, aze adlulele kula macandelo alandelayo emathunjini amancinci - jejunum kunye ileum.

Apha, iyeza ekugqibeleni yahlula kwenzeka nokufunxwa lweziqalelo umkhondo, iivithamini kunye namanye amacandelo luncedo egazini. ubude bawo malunga ezintandathu eemitha. emathunjini amancinci ugcwalise isisu. Inkqubo sokufunxa echatshazelwa villi ezizodwa, apho kuhlawula isifo. Ngenxa ivelufa olulodwa oyile ebizwa ngokuba yi-shutter ukuba ime intshukumo reverse ngendle.

Amathumbu amakhulu

Kubaluleke kakhulu umzimba inkqubo zokwetyisa komntu. Ukususela oko abasemagunyeni kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqonda imisebenzi yayo. Xa uphendula lo mbuzo, kufuneka ukwalatha komnye, akukho isebe kangako, leyo igqibezela inkqubo ukwetyisa. Le Amathumbu amakhulu. Kuyinto kuso uze onke amasalela ukutya undigested. Kukho sebenzi amanzi kunye nokusekwa isitulo, yokuwa lokugqibela iiprothini kunye kuyondelelaniswe ekuzakuqalwa of iivithamini (ingakumbi B no-C).

Isakhiwo ikholoni

ubude Umzimba leemitha malunga enye enesiqingatha. Luquka masebe alandelayo:

• cecum (isihlomelo vermiform ekhoyo);
• ikholoni (nto leyo, iquka elinyukayo, ezinqamlezayo, ehla sigmoid;
• ezinqeni (it ibandakanya ampoules kunye imigodi anal).

Igcina ikholoni anal yokuvula apho ukutya zigqithiswe salawo.

ndlala sokugaya

Yintoni na ukuba imizimba inkqubo yokwetyisa? Umsebenzi omkhulu kwamagxa isibindi, injeke kunye senyongo. Ngaphandle kwabo, inkqubo ukwetyisa, e-siseko, yaye akukho ezinye izidumbu ukuba akunakwenzeka.

Isibindi inceda ukuvelisa njengesakhi esibalulekileyo - inyongo. Eyona umsebenzi inyongo - le emulsification kwamafutha. Sakhiwo ibekwe ngezantsi uvalo kwicala lasekunene. Esibindini, iingxaki ziquka ukulibaziseka kwezinto eziyingozi, nto leyo inceda ukuthintela ityhefu ephilayo. Ngenxa yoko, le uhlobo filter, ngokufuthi ubunzima ngenxa zokwanda enkulu ityhefu.

Isinye inyongo wenziwe ichibi ukwenzela inyongo eveliswe isibindi.

Le injeke likhipha enzyme ezizodwa bayakwazi ukuba ndidilize amafutha, iiprothini kunye carbohydrate. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ikwazi zokubumba ukuya iilitha 1.5 yesiselo ngosuku. Kwakhona, lo injeke uvelisa insulin (hormone peptide). Ichaphazela ukutshintshiselana phantse zonke izicwili.

Phakathi glands yokucola ukutya amathe kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zilahlwe emlonyeni, baya kukhupha izinto ukuze aqale ukutya kunye lwahlukane kokuqala.

Yintoni esongela ukuba ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo zokwetyisa?

A ecacileyo, umsebenzi elungelelanisiweyo ezisemagunyeni kuqinisekisa ukusebenza oluchanekileyo yonke eziphilayo. Kodwa ukunyhashwa inkqubo ukwetyisa, ngelishwa, asinto ingaqhelekanga. Usongela ukuvela zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, phakathi kwabo indawo ephambili bobabo gastritis, esophagitis, izilonda, dysbiosis, kwesisu isithintelo, ukutyhefa njalo njalo. Kwimeko apho izifo ezinjalo kufuneka unyango ngexesha ukuyenza, okanye ngenxa yokulibaziseka ufumana izondlo Igazi angafundisi ukusebenza neminye imibutho. Musa ukusebenzisa iindlela zemveli ngaphandle kokubonisana ugqirha. Iindlela angakhetha zisetyenziswa kuphela xa zidityaniswe ne yonyango amayeza phantsi kweliso umsebenzi wezempilo.

Ukuze uqonde yonke siseko ukusebenza, kuyimfuneko ukwazi, yintoni ingu inkqubo yokwetyisa. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqonda ingxaki xa kwenzeka nokuba ukufumana indlela yokusombulula. Esi sikimu ilula, sichaphazele kuphela amagqabantshintshi. Enyanisweni, inkqubo yokucola womntu inzima kakhulu ngakumbi.