Aleksandr Dyuma: biography kunye umsebenzi wababhali

Omnye wababhali Masifunde kakhulu ehlabathini - Frenchman Alexander Dumas, iinoveli ogama adventure kufuneka izigidi abalandeli kulo lonke ihlabathi esele ngokupheleleyo kwiinkulungwane ezimbini.

Esakhula

Ngumdali elizayo kwimizobo zoncwadi wazalwa ngo-1802 usapho kwigosa lomkhosi Tom Aleksandra Dyuma nentombi umnini ehotele kaThixo, ogama UMaria Luisa Labur.

Esakhula, inkwenkwe waya zokuhlala lwakhe lweenkobe - Villers-Cotterets. ubuhlobo Strong Adolf Alexander De Levonom kukhokelele kwinto yokuba Dumas oselula waba nomdla kakhulu kumdlalo yaye yeqonga ngokubanzi, phakathi kwabanye. Alexander Dumas wabona ngokwam omdlali, esebenza eqongeni, kodwa ephupha ekuchubekeni umsebenzi.

Endleleni eya ubuchule

Akukho ukuba iimali ezaneleyo kunye nayiphi na inkxaso enkulu, Dumas wafudukela Paris. ngesandla sakhe esihle ikuvumela ukuba ufumane isikhundla esilungileyo, ngaphandle imfundo efanelekileyo.

Uyazazi iintsilelo kunye nezithuba ezikhoyo kwimfundo yabo, uAleksandr Dyuma uqala kunzima ukufunda. Enye abahlobo abatsha wamnceda ukuba uzalise izikhewu, okwenza ukuba umntu oselula uluhlu lweencwadi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ufunde.

I Umdlalo wokuqala

Emva kwexesha elithile, Dumas, wachukunyiswa imikrolo, nto leyo ithetha ukubulawa Monaldeschi, wagqiba ukubhala umdlalo kakhulu malunga ukumkanikazi Swedish. Ukuba wothini na ukuzibiza umdlalo "UChristine". Ngenxa umahluko kakhulu kwavela phakathi umbhali edlalwa kunye nabantu owaziwayo phakathi kwexesha, lo mdlalo yaye akayi kudlalwa Comedie Francaise.

Inxaxheba revolution. intshutshiso zepolitiki

Ngowe-1830, uAleksandr Dyuma uba nokuthatha inxaxheba kwi revolution, leyo owayemiselwe ukuphumelela. Koko Dumas kanye flatteringly ngabantu abatsha, ezaba sisiseko Idabi.

Emva konyaka, umbhali oselula watshutshiswa, ababa yezizathu zezopolitiko. amarhe Egqugqisileyo ukuba wabanjwa waza wabulawa, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba isigwebo enkundleni. La marhe zobuxoki, kodwa umbhali ngokwenene zisengozini ngenxa yeengxaki ezinkulu kunye nomthetho. Ngokuchasene yangasemva meko, Alexander ugqiba ukubaleka amazwe e-Switzerland.

Ukuhlala kwelinye

Ngoxa amazwe, Dumas ayihlali basonge izandla. Ngowe-1840, umbhali ngokusemthethweni ulwalamano kunye theatre actress Idoy Ferer, kodwa emva kweminyaka 4 sibini sahlukana. bexesha lakhe baye ngokuphindaphindiweyo waphawula into yokuba, ukuba utshatile ngokusemthethweni, umbhali shi ibingengomcimbi kunye nabanye abafazi. holo Dumas ngeli xesha kuqikelelwa phezulu kakhulu, kodwa indlela ubomi yayinqabile, kwaye kunyeliswa. Aleksandr Dyuma wenze imizamo yokuphuhlisa umsebenzi ubugcisa: wahlela eyakhe yeqonga yakhe idrama waqala ukuzivakalisa ngokwabo lowu lwabo zoncwadi. Ngelishwa, akukho namnye wemisebenzi hayi lifumene uphuhliso kakhulu.

umsebenzi Active endle boncwadi

Ngowe-1851 imeko yaba ukuze Dumas kwafuneka asabe kwakhona, eli xesha isizathu sokuba ukuhamba kwangoko baqalisa iingxaki kunye amatyala. Umbhali Kwanyanzeleka ukuya eBelgium. In Bryussele Aleksandr waqalisa ukubhala "Memoirs" edumileyo, ezibe kuthakazelelwa kakhulu nje kuphela Umbhali yabo, kodwa nabagxeki ezizimeleyo.

Ngethuba lesigaba esebenzayo umsebenzi wakhe, Alexander Dumas wabhala inani elikhulu kwedrama kunye zikwenza kubonakale ngathi, uninzi lwazo zithathwa ngokusisigxina indawo yayo zewonga kwimbali uncwadi yehlabathi. negunya lakhe bubobabo ngemisebenzi ezifana "Le Count Monte Kristo," "The Musketeers ezintathu", "Mohicans Paris" kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi kaHomer. beza bonke usiba yakhe imisebenzi ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini, kuquka i "dictionary zokupheka Enkulu" odumileyo.

Wafa Aleksandr Dyuma, ogama engobomi uchazwa inqaku-1870 e-France. Unyana wakhe, naye Alexander, waba ngumbhali. Ukwahlula ubuqambi zabo, rhoqo igama abaphezulu Dumas wongezelela isimaphambili "nguyise."

Abanikeli

Uninzi imisebenzi Dumas wadala ngentsebenziswano nabanye ababhali. Enye yezi kwaba Mac. Isiphumo akuphumelelanga yokusebenzisana kuye kwakhokelela nezimangalo elide. Umntu ophumeleleyo kwabo uAleksandr Dyuma, ogama iincwadi sele isaziwa. Ukuthetha kunye nonyana wakhe nokufa asebenza Macke emva ibango ukuba akukho zivumelwano mfihlelo phakathi Dumas kunye Maquet uyise wayengekho.