"Mowers": isishwankathelo. Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, ibali "mowers"

1921. Paris. Izwe. Emva kokuba October Revolution of 1917 ukuba lo mbandela imfuneko. Kwaye ke izizathu zoku abaninzi. Babaleka, wamkhulula kwiintlungu yamaBolshevik korhulumente, kunye nendlala nengqele, kunye isiphithiphithi okulwa, iintwala kunye nezifo, ngokuhlwa nobusuku uphengulula ukudubulana ... ukubaleka kunye Ivan Alekseevich Bunin. Ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo, kodwa kwakukho into enye, Lomelele yaye nzulu - a self-ebekwe ekuthinjweni. Kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba umlibale ngaphambili ngenyameko, ngoko embellish nto ngokuchasene noko, imibala ukuqina kunye neepeyinti ukuba namava kwakubonakala ezingenambala kakhulu futhi zomile. Kuyinto liye lenza ebomini bakhe elizayo ezininzi ezibuhlungu. Wobuciko Bunin "mowers" - enye ubungqina ngokucacileyo oku.

zenzeka

Xa inoveli, Ivana Bunina "The Life of Arseniev," kukho isivakalisi ephawulekayo: "Iinkumbulo - kuyinto ezimbi yaye kakhulu ukuba kukho nkqu umthandazo yosindiso kubo ...." Ewe, le khumbulayo ezahlukeneyo: eqaqambileyo, efudumeleyo, eqaqambileyo njengoko ngemini yasehlotyeni sunny ... Kwaye kusenokuba mnyama, enzima njengoko isibhakabhaka leaden ephantsi, ukusongela nje ayichitheki imvula ebandayo, Nindityumza bonke ubomi. Kowokugqibela abe yinqobo ukuba babasukele. Nokuba uthe abaleke Daleko phambili, oko zigqibele, kubanjwa elukhukweni enedumbe. Zindizingele ne Bunin.

neyethu ezahlukeneyo

kukuzingxala Endless, ihlekisa kaThixo, ulwandle igazi ngeenxa yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kungabikho sohlwayo ngenxa yezenzo zabo - konke oku babathuthumbisa kuye: "Hayi abagulayo ihlabathi yabo engamasikizi, yamashwa, oku kokungeni, uyabawa, umgqakhwe yobuyatha Russia!" Xa umsebenzi wakhe 'Days Uqalekisiwe "(1918 -1920) wazoba iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu yakowabo kwi umbala kube mnyama. Kwakubonakala ngathi zonke imisonto kokuxhuma amaqonga, ngathi amaphepha iincwadi ubudala, yaye akukho nto kwaye akukho mntu unokukunyanzela ukuba abone indawo ubuncinane enye eliqaqambileyo. Kodwa kuyacaca ukuba, lo mthandazo ukufunda, kwaye Ivan wala "ubuntatheli", nobutshaba ukuya ku-Oktobha, wafumana amandla ukubuyela entliziyweni yakhe, emsebenzini yombhali kunye nothando lizwe. Rus ngaphakathi iMbasa. ibali "mowers" Bunin yakhe, ebhaliweyo eParis ngo-1921, kukho ubungqina ngokucacileyo le. Kuyinto ngokuqinisekileyo nangoku uve usizi nentlungu balungiseke, kodwa oku imvelaphi nje, ngokuhlakanipha uvikele imibala ezisisiseko - a intabatheko sublime obutsha Russia, kunye ingqiqo enzulu umntu abazi noqolileyo. Kwaye ngoku ngaphezulu ...

indaba

Licebo ibali (Bunin, "mowers") ilula kakhulu. Ezi ziinkumbulo zexesha elidlulileyo, ngosuku - kwemini emva kwexesha ngomhla kaJuni, xa umbhali, yena - umbalisi kunye ophambili, sadibana esilisikizi ezinde kunye mowers - abalimi elula Russian. Beza ngabanye kude, ikakhulu Ryazan, ngumvuzo. Iinkumbulo kwabo ukukhanya, enomoya, inkungu sifunda ekuseni kwehlobo ehlathini. Ngoku ke oluphazanyiswa nokuvakalisa umbhali malunga ubukhulu elahlekileyo eRashiya, phezu mowers abantu Russian, malunga Slavic ngomphefumlo, ukucula, oko - kwaye ayikwazi kulityalwa, yaye akukho nto ukuthelekisa ...

"Mowers", Bunin: analysis imveliso

Eli bali liqala athi: "Thina ke behamba ecaleni kwendlela, yaye ukuchetywa phantsi ihlathi ezinde oselula kufuphi ngalo - baze bacule." Kwaye kanye emva kwakhe umhlathi omtsha: "Kuye ixesha elide, kwaba xesha ngamabona elide, kuba ubomi sasihlala ngelo xesha, akazange abuye sele ngonaphakade ..." lithemba ukudangala yaye bebuhlungu kakhulu achotshelwa ngamazwi onke, kuwo onke impefumlo, isiphumlisi kuyo yonke ephilileyo. "Kuye ixesha elide" - umbhali (Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, "mowers") uthi, kwaye apha luqinisa, ubeka enye smear lwepeyinti grey - "ixesha ngamabona elide," yaye omnye ekupheleni - "akayi kubuya ngonaphakade" umfundi mna nje ukuqonda, kodwa yaphela kunye umlinganiswa ophambili yakhe, waza wabangela ukuba engaphele ndawo ebuhlungu.

Ngoobani "thina"?

Ukuqhubela phambili kwesihloko esithi "mowers" uhlalutyo i (Bunin) imveliso. " Ingxelo kweli bali oluqhutywa umntu wokuqala, kodwa kaninzi isimelabizo "Mna" ubona yena ebusweni isininzi: "saya ...", "sasihlala ngelo xesha ..." "Siye macala onke asendle ...". Yintoni na? Ngubani Ivan Bunin ( "mowers") ukuthini igama elithi "thina"? - Thina ke umbhali yena nosapho kunye nabahlobo bakhe, nabo bonke abo awabuvayo ukufa kabuhlungu kude, kwanyanzeleka ukuba alahle kwilizwe, ukuba ukubaleka imithwalo enye kuphela emva - Iinkumbulo kunye nostalgia, kuba uye "awusoze ukulibala ukuba kwiiyure emva kwemini, "ezi zengca aluhlaza kunye neentyatyambo, eli candelo umoya, yaye" zange baqonde, wayengekafiki ukuchaza eyona nto ibalulekileyo, yintoni na ubuhle babo iyamangalisa. " Yaye ngakumbi kwezi nkalo engaphele ndawo, le "ntlango phakathi lweenkobe Russia" kokubini ngexesha kunye nendawo, uthando eyomeleleyo, nzulu kunye cwaka ngakumbi ngenxa yakhe. "Wena uxolo, ntle, umhlobo osenyongweni! Kwaye, oyintanda, owu ntle, storonushka! Xolela-ntle, oyintanda, kwam, ngokutsho noba intliziyo yaba udaka black "- la magama iyalandela mowers iingoma isandi ngoku nje isiprofeto.

Ngoobani "bona"?

Ngoobani ke "bona" kwi imveliso (IA Bunin, "mowers")? Isishwankathelo sebali nga ucacise lo mbuzo ubalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, njengoko kutshiwo apha ngasentla, umfundi ivula umfanekiso ukususela kwixesha elidlulileyo: a eqaqambileyo, backwoods entle okumbindi Russia. Yonke into encomekayo kuwo. Kwaye bashiya indlela esa kunina, yaye "iintyatyambo zasendle zingenakubalwa kunye namaqunube," yaye intsimi hleborobnye ... Ixesha kwabonakala ukuma ngxi. Ngesiquphe, yize le paradesi, waphuma ndawo, kukho "kubo" - mowers, emihle, efana lamaqhawe luzayo, ikhululekile, nobubele, "ilangazelela ukuba umsebenzi." Ingca baze bacule. "Bathi" - oko kukuthi Russia. Makhe naye, "leggings", "bahilkah", "izikipa", kodwa ngokuzithandela kwaye elihle ezizodwa yayo, kunye nto ubuhle iyathelekiswa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba igama elithi "mowers" lisetyenziswa kabini kuphela, "bona" - ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu. It into enye kuphela: ukuthi eRashiya, apho amaphupha Bunin, walahlekelwa - yafikelela esiphelweni ukuya ukuxolelwa nguThixo.

ingoma

A ingoma "kubo" - umphefumlo wezinto Russian, ngqo, ukukhanya okukhulu, fresh, womelele, nalwazi obonisa malunga iitalente zabo, kwaye yiloo nto koliqele, enamandla, kwaye maxa wambi nobuganga obukwanjalo. Akazange ngezwi iminxeba, kodwa kuphela "kukhala ups esempilweni, abaselula esifubeni, emnandi." "Bona" ukucula "thina" phulaphula, ndawonye waba mnye. Ewe, kukho eli tie igazi yokwenene phakathi "thina" yaye "kubo", amafu, umoya, intsimi, ihlathi kunye bonke dalyu ...

Inqaku ku "IA Bunin, "mowers": isishwankathelo umsebenzi "alikafiki ukuya esiphelweni. Xa zonke kwakubonakala ukuba iingoma ithemba bethi "bona" ukuba "uvuyo akunakuphepheka." Kutheni? Ewe, ngenxa yokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba sikholwe ithemba. Kuyinto ezingeyondalo kanye uhlobo womntu, bonke baphila, uyaphila kwaye uyaqhubeka ihlala kuthi. "Wena uxolo, ntle, storonushka oyintanda!" - becula "ukuba", "size" wamphulaphula, yaye akukho namnye kuthi nako ukukholwa ukuba akukho ndlela, akukho ndlela eya kwikhaya lakhe. Ngaphakathi ngamnye oluthile ulwazi isegazini aphezulu, kukwazi ukuba, kungakhathaliseki ukuba siya aba, akukho ukwahlukana yokwenene evela esingapheliyo lweenkobe Rus thina, kunjalo siya kukhanya elangeni lweenkobe lomthonyama isibhakabhaka fathomless oluhlaza.

"I" Okubuhlungu

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ibali kakhulu kuqhutywa ngayo umntu wokuqala, kodwa kwakhona isininzi, kwaye kuphela kabini ndeva "Mna" wedwa. Umbhali okokuqala, bedlula mowers, wabona isidlo sabo uthobekile, ayikwazanga ukuxhathisa, Ndafika esondela, kwaye iyakwamkela "abafo elungileyo", "ndathi, isonka kunye netyuwa, hello ...". Ukuphendula, baza wamcela ukuba etafileni yabo ezindilisekileyo. Kodwa ebheka esondela, Yandothusa ukufumanisa ukuba intsimbi uphose "bona" amacephe banduluka Datura amanita obude. Ayiqhelekanga isidlo? Akukho nto Bunin ebandakanywe ibali lakhe, esi siganeko zibonakala zingabalulekanga. Yena yokomfuziselo kakhulu. isiko Russian iindwendwe ifuna ukwamkela isimemo kuhlala phantsi etafileni enye, andibacekisele kwaye musa abawaphephi, kungenjalo akukho ukulingana, akukho umanyano. Yena wala. Ngoko ke, ayizange ibe nantsingiselo unanimity ingqibelelo phakathi "thina" - "kubo", malunga leyo kakhulu kwathiwa kwaye waphupha phambi revolution. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto yenzeka ...

Eza kubugqiba kunye inqaku osihloko sithi "IA Bunin, "mowers": isishwankathelo imisebenzi ". Enye buhlungu "Mna" isandi ekupheleni kwebali: "Omnye ngaphezulu, ndithi, kwaba ngale ngoma ..." Kwaye ngoko ke ushwankathela konke oku kungentla, kwanakwabaphilileyo. Ewe, ngaleyo, seluthe ngamabona zikude, ayinakuguqulwa, kwaye waziva, "bona," yaye "thina" zezona kakhulu ukuba akukho ulonwabo ayiphele ndawo. Kodwa sentsomi yafikelela esiphelweni: samobranye elisongiweyo amalaphu, imithandazo kunye yomabophe undilibele, esiya ukunciphisa ukuxolelwa nguThixo ...

stylistics

Bunin ibali "mowers" iprozi ebhaliweyo zesingqisho ekuthiwa kuba ukuma imveliso - lyric monolog-memory. sound lyrical ke ziyanyuswa ngenxa isandi iambic, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, utshintsha kunye izikhewu athi ukuphucuka. Isingqisho ifumana lubonakaliswa ukuphindaphindwa elithi "bona", "thina" yaye elithi 'umtsalane'. Last - izihlandlo ezintandathu kwiziqendu wesibhozo kunye lesithoba. Le meko kuyabonakala anaphora, okt edinonachatiya ekuqaleni izivakalisi ezimbalwa: "Ubuhle kwakunjalo iimpendulo ..."; .. "Ubuhle yayikukuba unwitting ..."; "Ubuhle ibikukuba ..." njalo njalo. D. Le ndlela kuzisa ukuze ifikelele incopho iimvakalelo yombhali.

Kwinqanaba lungelelanisa nawo wabona izithethantonye ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo, (iinkuni oselula nendlela enkulu eRashiya kunye nomphefumlo), sokuzenza (Russia - kuphela umphefumlo wakhe ukucula), izithetha-ntonye associative (Russia - esifubeni), ngamanye amazwi (bonke Russian - "abantwana yelizwe lawo" nokuba isimo zentlalo)

Nazi lonke ibali, lonke ibali (Bunin) "mowers". Ushwankathe- - kulungile, kodwa kungcono ukuba ukuvula okubhaliweyo neendinyana lwegama emangalisayo Ivana Alekseevicha Bunina.