Blood Child: ulwazi oluluncedo

Kuluntu namhlanje kukho abantu bacinge ukuba iqela igazi yomntwana kufuneka kungabi iyafana omnye wabazali bayo. Kwaye, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ingcaciso malunga lasungulwa ingafumaneka kwi incwadi ibhayoloji esikolweni. Kwaye ke kucaca ukuba lo mazwi ngokungaphelelanga kuphela.

Ke ngoko kuqala kwiinto zonke, ufumanise ukuba yintoni na iqela igazi lomntwana. Oku iimpawu ngamnye iiseli ezibomvu, leyo ziyabonakalaliswa ngokuchonga amaqela iiprothini kunye carbohydrate imifinya zabo.

Xa abantu, kukho iinkqubo ezininzi iantigens (total ezine), kunye nendlela njengelifa, kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Landsteiner, ukuqhuba uphando iiseli ezibomvu, uye wachaza izinto ezithile kamva yahlulwe ngokweendidi eziliqela: A no-B, kunye AB (equlathe abamakishi ezimbini ngaxeshanye), kwaye udidi lwesithathu, eziquka iiseli lowo namnye inkcazelo eyayilapho (0). Ngoko ke, kukho inkqubo ekhethekileyo apho ukwahlula lwenzeka kumaqela igazi. It uluntu uba namhlanje.

Ngoko ke, I (0) - antigen A and B abangekhoyo, II (A) - ubukho iantigens A, III (B) - ubukho iantigens, IV (AB) - kwaye ubukho antigen A no-B

Kamva wabonisa ukuba iqela yegazi lo mntwana ilifa imigaqo efanayo nezinye iimpawu zayo.

Ngokutsho komthetho, abazali Mendelskomu ukusuka I c. Ukuba uzale abantwana neqela elifanayo ukuba mna Iqela II. okanye kunye III c., abantwana, ngokulandelelanayo, liya kuba liqela gazi. Kuphela abantu abaye IV c., Uya kuba abantwana naliphi iqela (ngaphandle I), akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni uhlobo ezisegazini kwiqabane labo. Ukuba abazali II III c., Inzala yabo unokuba nayiphi na kumaqela amane.

Ngoko ke, eli qela igazi abazali kunye nomntwana isenokungabi njalo.

Cinga ukujonga ukuba izixa-RH factor. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kukho lipoprotein leyo mhlawumbi ibekwe inwebu iiseli ezibomvu (positive, zibonakaliswe yi "+") okanye hayi (kakubi, kuboniswe yi "-").

Ngoko ke, abazali kunye "+" yaye "+" Rhesus uya kuba abantwana "+" (75%) kunye "-" (25%).

Kufuneka ke ukuba iqela umntwana negazi umzali isenokuba ngokufanayo, kodwa mhlawumbi, ncam njengoko RH factor. Ngenxa kuphuhliso inzululwazi namhlanje yi izibalo ezilula sikwazi oko umntwana kudala ngaphambi kokuba azalwe. Ukulungiselela le njongo, le lwendibaniso ezenzekayo kubalwa iiproteni egazini labantu.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho amaxesha xa ukukhulelwa wabonakala, ukuba iqela igazi umntwana ayi hambelani umzali (umzekelo, Umfazi xa athe "-" RH neziqhamo - "+"). Kule meko kungenzeka ukuba ukuphuhlisa izilwa igazi koomama ukuya ratio igazi Palsy. Kwakhona kuyenzeka, ukuba abazali iintlobo ezahlukeneyo igazi.

Uphando olwenziwe kulo mba, kwakhokelela kwisigqibo ukuba ayizizo zonke amaqela igazi ehambelanayo kunye nabanye.

Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa kuphuhliso yemfuza, thina namhlanje eyaziwa group igazi ezine kunye ilifa nenzala yabo. Kule mihla kunokwenzeka ukuba bachonge iimpawu izizukulwana ezizayo ngaphambi kokuba azalwe. A ulwazi qela RH factor ukungavumelani ivumela kwangaphambili ukuba athathe amanyathelo ukugcina abantwana babo.