Color-coded macingo. Ziqonde ngentambo zokumakisha yocingo

Umsebenzi zombane - kakhulu into entsonkothileyo ukuba kubhetele ukuba oyingcali kulo mhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yokuba ukuthenga iintambo, imicwe kunye neengcingo ezahlukeneyo ufakelo kuyimfuneko ukuqonda zokuphawula zabo. Makuboniswe ukuba yokugquma imveliso oluza cipher lo macingo.

Okwangoku, umenzi nganye imele khowudi yayo imveliso, ukuba nawuphi na umsebenzisi, ondele kuye, abakwazi ukuyiqonda into imveliso yenziwe, yintoni na kayi ukumelana ombane, uhlobo lomnqamlezo-candelo, kwakunye iimpawu zoyilo kunye nohlobo usambathisa.

Ukuba athobele le parameters, zonke mveliso namashishini, wenza imveliso iimveliso zombane kufuneka ukuba basebenzise njengomgangatho - GOST. Ukumakishwa kwe iingcingo kwakhona likuvumela ukuba ukuchonga kwamandla indawo kwesigaba, zero, kwaye kwezinye iimeko - umhlaba. Cinga iimveliso zombane lusetyenziswayo emarikeni.

ezihamba

iintambo zombane ziza ngeendlela eziliqela, kuxhomekeka ukusetyenziswa. Kwakhona luqulathe sobhedu okanye aluminiyam abaqhubi, apho imiqadi ziqokelelwa phantsi izinto ezifanayo okanye ezahlukeneyo ngokubhijela eyenziwe ngeplastiki okanye PVC. Kwakhona, maxa wambi kukho esingxotyeni olongezelelweyo ibakhusela zephetshana ngentsimbi.

Kuxhomekeka umbala isicelo ngcingo lokumakisha kube eyahlukileyo. Ngoko ke, ahluka:

• iintambo RF adlulisela iisignali zerediyo neevidiyo.
• Uphawu wokulawula we yokudluliswa okanye ezinye izixhobo.
• Power ezihamba zisetyenziswa izixhobo ukukhanyisa ukudluliselwa umbane. Bangakwazi enokusetyenziswa in basekhaya kunye iintambo lwangaphandle.
• Ukudlulisela unxibelelwano iintambo asetyenziswa, ekwaziyo ukuqhuba yangoku ezitsho ezahlukeneyo.
• zisetyenziswa iintambo zolawulo esizisebenzelayo, ezo iingcingo zekopolo aphantsi isikhusele, ukuphambukisa kweziphazamiso kunye nokuthintela ukusetyenziswa umonakalo.

wire

Imveliso kwakheka iingcingo eziliqela okanye omnye kuphela, ebizwa ucingo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, coil zeplastiki, ucingo encinane, kodwa ukuba wenze ngaphandle yodwa.

Okwangoku, kukhetha okungakumbi kunikwa oogesi, leyo iingcingo ezenziwe ngobhedu okanye aluminiyam. iimveliso ezifana zisetyenziswa kuphela umbane, kodwa nje motor jiko.

iingcingo aluminium zibe ngendleko ephantsi, kodwa engxakini enkulu ithathwa akunakwenzeka ukudibanisa nabo nabanye, umzekelo, ubhedu. Brassware ukumelana kakuhle umthwalo, kodwa ngaphandle oxidize ngokukhawuleza yaye zibiza imali eninzi.

Ukumakishwa kwe iingcingo zombane kwakhona kuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni ekujongwe. Ukufakelwa kunye nokusetyenziswa amandla, zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezakhiwo. Ibandla, ke, zisetyenziswa ukuqokelela iziphaluka elektronika iibhodi okanye izixhobo zerediyo.

iintambo

Intambo iquka imithambo eziliqela kunye necandelo elincinane umnqamlezo enamakhulu ngcingo ezininzi munye. Amaninzi, le mveliso wombane basondeza ndixakene ngeentambo, coil leyo non-zalo.

Ukusetyenziswa ezingundoqo nezintya akhawunti yoqhagamshelo kwinethiwekhi zombane mveliso kunye nendlu.

incwadi code

Nayiphi na imveliso zombane kufuneka zibhalwe ngokungqinelana ne GOST. Ileta yokuqala kumela izinto umongo lwenziwe kuyo. Ukuba lubhedu, incwadi ayikho wabelwa ukuba i-aluminiyamu, eliphawulwe yileta "A".

Ziqonde ngentambo yokumakisha yocingo unobumba yesibini sichaza uhlobo eziphathekayo okanye usambathisa. Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo wire, angabhalwa "P", "M", "MG", "K", "Y", okuhambelana tyaba, obandayo, obuninzi kunye ababhexeshi bhetyebhetye, imicwe zolawulo imin obandayo. Ufakelo nayo ziphawulwe ngokuthi "R" okanye "W".

Emva koko, le ncwadi wesithathu, ibhekisela iimveliso impahla coil:

• "K" - monofilament;
• "C" - fiberglass;
• "BP" okanye "P" - PVC;
• "F" - metal;
• "E" - wasikhusela;
• "P" - irabha;
• "KUM" - lwawo;
• "T" - ongumthwali jiko kunye umntla;
• "HP" okanye "H" - nayritovaya;
• "L" - lacquered;
• "G" - ngokubhijela nezimo ephilileyo;
• "O" kunye "W" - polyamide isilika njengoko qhina okanye bodwa.

Le iingcingo inokuba ileta yesine, nto leyo ichaza iimpawu ze-mveliso wombane;

• "K" - iingcingo ngocingo vehicles yecandelo setyhula emnqamlezweni;
• "A" - ngocingo asphalt;
• "T" - ukuba imveliso esetyenziswa kwi kwimibhobho;
• "B" - yimivumbo vehicles;
• "O" - ubukho esingxotyeni salo zokhuseleko;
• "D" - for wire - bhetyebhetye, kanye cable - ngaphandle ukhuselo.

Digital lokumakishela

Ukuphawula iingcingo zombane lika yokuqala ibonisa inani umphakathi, ukuba akakho, umqhubi iye nomqhubi omnye kuphela. Umvo sesibini nesesithathu imele ubungakanani wire in milimitha isikwere kunye rated ukumelana ombane.

isisekelo

Uninzi imibala ngcingo ziyilelwe ukuba kube lula umsebenzi iintambo kunye nokhuseleko zokuphunyezwa kwayo.

Ngokutsho kulawulo isixhobo sombane Umqhubi emhlabeni bodwa kufuneka abe umbala oluhlaza-yellow. Kwezinye iimeko, nombala abe luhlaza kuphela okanye omthubi kuphela.

Ezintambo earthing umbala yokumakisha lisetyenziswa mhlawumbi longitudinally okanye transversely. Idayagram "umhlaba" lidla zibonakaliswe ngoonobumba 'RE ", nto leyo nayo maxa wambi ebizwa ngokuba ukhuseleko zero.

zero

Qha cala akuthethi ukuthwala ombane isigxina, kodwa kuphela sisikhokelo. Le iingcingo Umbala ukuba ithinti oluhlaza okanye oluhlaza. Zero njengemifanekiso yesekethe ukuba elityunjelwe njengoko «N».

isigaba

Isigaba umqhubi lisoloko amandla xa elidityaniswe kuyo kwinethiwekhi. Ukuphawula abaqhubi phase elinombala ukuze abunjwe shades ezininzi umbala - omdaka, omnyama, umbala oluhlaza, neengubo ezimfusa, zingwevu, kunye nabanye. Kodwa ke uninzi izinikezeli Phase mhlophe okanye lube mnyama.

ZOKUXHESHISELA-umqhubi

Xa nasiphi na isakhiwo zokuhlala okanye igumbi kufuneka kusoloko emhlabeni okanye shwaka kweentambo. Okwangoku, ukuziphatha kanye oyicinezelayo TN-C-nkqubo leyo iquka ukudibanisa ucingo TNS. Le iingcingo Umbala enyanzeliswa phezu nkqubo, uya kudlula ukusuka mthubi-eluhlaza luhlaza.

Okokuqala kufuneka ukuba ayahlule umqhubi ibe amavili amabini - PE kunye N, apho kamva amaqhina oqhagamshelwano Oxhumayo phakathi okanye emiphethweni yayo yomibini. Emva koko re-phantsi ibhasi eBhayi kwaye ujonge ukuxhathisa.

Indlela ukuchaza emhlabeni, cala kwaye isigaba?

Ngamanye amaxesha ngexesha ukulungiswa nokuvuselelwa kwazo ingcingo kuyimfuneko ukuze kube nokugqitywa ngaloo ucingo zona. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba iingcingo ngombala oku sizana, ekubeni ngenxa ubomi ngenkonzo ende, okanye kulo mzekelo, short circuit akunakwenzeka.

Sinako ukusombulula le ngxaki ngokusebenzisa isibonisi screwdriver, edume ngokuba "print kolawulo". Le ndlela efanelekileyo kwimeko womnatha olunye-sigaba ngaphandle wire emhlabeni. Okokuqala, kufuneka ukucima umbane ukunyibilikisa zombini abaqhubi kwicala kwaye kwakhona nekhaka zombane. Emva koko, azise i screwdriver Isalathisi ukuya kwenye macingo. Ukuba ukukhanya on ", ulawule ukuba ngubani" zikhanyiswe, ngokulandelelana, ucingo kwaye uya kuqalisa, nokuseleyo baphile - zero.

Ukuba umqhubi ezintathu-ephathelene kwenkcazo nganye oogesi, ungasebenzisa i multimeter. Le fowuni ine iingcingo ezimbini. Okokuqala kufuneka abekwe ukuya amandla ombane ka-220 volts. Emva koko enye ucingo multimeter ndanyula ukunxibelelana kwisigaba, kunye nezinye ukujonga phantsi okanye cala. Ukuba wire sesibini sifumaneka ucingo umhlaba kwi yokufundwa isixhobo iya kunyothulwa ngezantsi 220 kancinane, kwaye ukuba zero, le ombane kuya shift ngaphakathi volts 220.

Indlela yesithathu yokumisela ngcingo ingasetyenziswa kwimeko esandleni yayingeyonto screwdriver okanye multimeter. Oku kunceda oogesi, nto leyo kuyo nayiphi na imeko ekwahluleni umkrwelo luya kumakishwa oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka imibala. Eziseleyo izikhonkwane ezimbini kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi ukuba.

Ukuba omnye abafowunelwa umbala kunye nezinye abamnyama okanye ezimhlophe, kungenzeka ukuba ibe linqanaba umbala. Ngokutsho imilinganiselo ubudala, umbala omnyama nomhlophe imele wire emhlabeni.

Kwakhona, ngokutsho imithetho ukufakelwa kwezixhobo zombane, umbala omhlophe ephawulwe isiza wire.

Nokufaka DC ukujikeleza

ucingo yokumakisha inethiwekhi DC ombane abe umbala obomvu yokugquma dibanisa, namnyama - ku thabatha. Ukuba inethiwekhi yi-kwesigaba sesithathu, isigaba ngasinye iya kuba umbala yayo ngqo: ebomvu, mthubi noluhlaza. Zero nedlelo, njengesiqhelo, kuya kuba eluhlaza mthubi noluhlaza.

Ukuba entry intambo kwi -380 volts, ucingo sigaba siya kunxibelelana yokugquma abamnyama, abamhlophe kunye obomvu kunye nombala cala, yaye "umhlaba" iya kuhlala injalo, njengoko kunjalo nge-network ye-220 volts.

Self-ukuchongwa ezintambo

Ngamanye amaxesha, bengenandawo umbala efanelekileyo, unako ngokuzimeleyo ukutshintsha umbala ugesi ebisetyenziswe emhlabeni, kwisigaba kunye emhlabeni. Kulo mzekelo, zokucazulula iingcingo zokumakisha ziya kuba luncedo kakhulu.

Uyakwazi ukwenza amanqaku amancinci phezu oogesi, ezinokuba kamva kuba luncedo kakhulu. Uyakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa tape zombane zakudala sisongele nocingo ngokungqinelana kunye nokumakisha.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, imfuno enkulu enemikhono ekupheleni, ezo iityhubhu zeplastiki ezinemibala, ekwaziyo shrinkage ubushushu. Kwimeko lwamavili kuyimfuneko niphinde niyisebenzise eziphelweni wire.