Dzhordzh Marshall: biography umdla facts

Dzhordzh Ketlett Marshall ml. - efikayo engqondweni xa usiva elo gama? Ngubani livela phambi kwakho: a wamajoni oyingqwangangqwili, ehlasela abantu ukuzikhusela aseMelika atom, okanye esifika inceba Europe, wafumana ngeprojekthi yakhe Prize Nobel?

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ubomi kunye nomsebenzi Marshall lizele eemfihlelo kunye ephikisanayo. Makhe sijonge kubo ngokusondeleyo sazi ukuba ngubani na, wayephila njani yena yintoni abe nendumasi.

ebuntwaneni

Future General Dzhordzh Marshall wazalwa ngowe-1880 kwidolophu encinane waseMelika Uniontown, ibekwe kwi kummandla wamazwe of Pennsylvania.

Intsapho yayihlala ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, ebunqobeni kunye nembeko. UYise wathengisa amalahle neenkuni, umama wabantwana abathathu.

Little Dzhordzh Ketlett Marshall akukho kwahluka noontanga babo. Waye amavila kancinci namavila ukufunda iphathwa yokuzenzisa. Ngelo xesha ke wema lomntu ezinzulu enentsingiselo, yaba kancinci nekratshi imfihlo.

ulutsha

Abazali wafundisa unyana wakhe ezihlangwini zakhe, wafuna ukumbona yokubala ngusomashishini ophumeleleyo. Noko ke, lo mfana akazange afune ukuya abarhwebi babenyula omnye umsebenzi - zomkhosi umsebenzi.

Kakade ke, utata waba nayo. Kodwa njani ukuyeka le nkwenkwe ngenjongo esithintelweyo, ukuphupha ngokufihlakeleyo ukoyisa ihlabathi?!

Xa eneminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe, Dzhordzh Marshall wangena Military Institute of Virginia, leyo yatsala ingqalelo Wanyamezela ezinqabileyo kunye nokulinganisela.

kweminyaka emine yoqeqesho yahamba ngokukhawuleza yaye cwaka, kwaye ngoku uqalisa biography of George Marshall dapple uloyiso yokuqala.

qala umsebenzi

Elinye young yesibini inqamla lasiwa emkhosini ukuze zisasazwe elihamba kwaye ukhonza kwi Philippines. Emva kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo yenkonzo yokuzinikela wagqiba ukukhulisa izakhono zomkhosi kwaye wafumana isikhundla nenduna.

Xa eneminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesixhenxe ka Dzhordzh Marshall uya ngaphambili. LeMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi waba swing ngokupheleleyo, Amanyeneyo amanqaku uloyiso brilliant, onamava oyiswa. EYurophu ukuba zibandakanyeke igazi, ikukudandatheka nokubulala.

Cool kunye unflappable, Marshall wakhonza kubasebenzi-igosa, signalman, ezalisekisa ngenyameko imisebenzi yabo ngqo ngokundilisekileyo kumangaliswa yindlela kuphekwe bakubo, nendlela izenzo engaqhelekanga unganxibelelananga zemikhosi encedisayo.

Wayesazi ukuba asikwazi, wayesazi ukuba wayeza ukuba kwenziwe ngenye indlela. Kodwa akaba nako ukuthatha ukutshintsha into.

Gqama weqela le umthetheli namabhongo akazange, kodwa waba ithuba - igosa lokugula senior okukhuphileyo umsebenzi ebalulekileyo yomkhosi. Marshall ngesibindi yaye ngobukroti wathabatha umyalelo.

Yena ngokukhawuleza iphuhlise isicwangciso idabi, liqhekeza sisebenzisa zonke izibonelelo: amandla kwabantu, iimephu kunye namanye amaxwebhu.

Lo msebenzi, ukhokelwa Mashallah ngempumelelo. Mxholo-ulawulo eyabelwe elikwisikhundla kumthetheli bame ngobulumko sikhulu.

Emva koko, kwakukho nezinye eqaqambileyo, yakhiwe isicwangciso idabi, nto leyo George Catlett ngedinga lokuba uya kumnika ube jikelele, kodwa imfazwe iye yaphela, kwaye esi sithembiso sele zitshone shwaka.

Emva kwemfazwe, nokuba uphose kwirenki (okuhambelana nomyalelo ngexesha loxolo), kodwa zange kwabatyhafisa afana ngayo inkonzo yasemkhosini onamava.

emva kwemfazwe,

Ukususela ngowe-1919 Dzhordzh Marshall wafumana ukuqeshwa yekhethelo phantsi Jikelele Pershing, uze emva koko iminyaka emithathu wayekhonza eTshayina, yaye emva koko inxaxheba kwimisebenzi zokufundisa elihamba School of the State of eGeorgia. Le nkonzo ezahlukeneyo bazisa zomkhosi anobukroti kubababala kuphela wafumana abathengi anempembelelo, bafunda ulwimi Chinese, abe ngumntu obonakalise ukuba yena nabo abo ehlonelwa njengoko umntu onyanisekileyo kunye nobungcali.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba Marshall wayengomnye abambalwa angazenza eUnited States lobunkokheli ukuba umkhosi waseMelika ayikho alungele imfazwe. Wakhuthaza amandla amajoni kunye nezixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezitsha.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba imisebenzi zomkhosi musa ukuphazamisa George Catlett ngokukhutheleyo inxaxheba kwimicimbi yoluntu. Ngokomzekelo, phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1930, waba inkqubo wayekufuna engqesho kulutsha (njengenxalenye nkqubo Roosevelt leyo).

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Iziganeko ka 1939-1945 baba isehlakalo ebalulekileyo ngobomi ka George Marshall.

Kunyaka ngaphambi kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe, wafudukela eWashington, apho wathi waqeshwa kwisikhundla oNcedisayo oyiNtloko woCwangciso Military (Staff General). inkokeli sane ngoko nangoko emva owamiswayo ukuba imfazwe wawongwa elikwinqanaba Jikelele, wayinikela Jikelele Abasebenzi Army.

Ngoxa post yakhe uxanduva, osanda Jikelele wakhuthaza inkonzo uyakhetha emkhosini kunye nokusekwa kwe-National Guard, wakwazi ukuba ngokutsha Ministry of War kwaye wenza rhoqo ukuqinisa imikhosi exhobileyo. Ulwazi ngokwaneleyo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo walumkisa urhulumente malunga neengozi uhlaselo Japanese.

Izicwangciso imisebenzi emininzi emkhosini yaphela ngempumelelo ngenxa US emkhosini, Marshall waphinda wawurhola ingqalelo sikaMongameli. Yena uba ngumcebisi Roosevelt phezu ukuziphatha impi, ekhatshwa yiNtloko State ngexesha ngeenkongolo neenkomfa ezahlukeneyo, kwakunye liliso kukudala ezabo atomic.

Ziziphi aphakama aba Dzhordzh Ketlett kwi msebenzi? a phambi yesibini lavulwa, izinto yezixhobo kunye nokutya eSoviet Union, imfazwe yaphela kunye Italy lawela umkhosi kuzo eNormandy ukuba umsebenzi ku Germany.

Ngokufuthi, ligosa elingumvi abasebenzi wawufuna ukuba wahlala izithunzi yaye akazange athi zabhalwa umsebenzi eminye imisebenzi zomkhosi.

Le ndawo emnyama kwi biography zomkhosi

Jikelele Lee ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo atomic nxamnye iHiroshima Nagasaki inoxanduva? Ngokutsho ubungqina kweminye imithombo, buqu Marshall wacebisa umongameli ukuba isicelo eqatha. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iinkcukacha, njengako apho Dzhordzh Ketlett wayecinga ukuba iziqhushumbisi atom kwakungekho mfuneko, yaye wazisola ngexesha lokusebenza, ebulala abahlali abaninzi.

Kamva, ukuphendula ngesiganeko, i-jikelele waseMelika wathi izixhobo zenyukliya kufuneka ukuba isetyenziswe ukuze ukuphelisa imfazwe, kodwa kwangaxeshanye wavuma ukuba ixabiso koyisa kwakhe phezulu kakhulu.

Enoba oko, emva kokuba Ukubuyisela i-Japanese Marshall bagqiba umsebenzi yomkhosi yaye ndasebenzela ozakuzo.

ngemva kwempi

Umsebenzi wokuqala ukuseka imeko ngokungenaloyiko jikelele eTshayina, ukukhusela ilizwe, akwabakho mfazwe yamakhaya. Noko ke, uthumo kuqala, yaye Dzhordzh Ketlett wabuyela ekhaya.

Ke uMongameli Truman wacela unobhala karhulumente, leyo belibandakanya imbopheleleko enkulu. Umngeni entsha Marshall ukuguga iphucuke nkqubo angaphandle, oko kukuthi, ukubuyiselwa yobudlelwane bezizwe.

Enterprising AmaMelika asabela ngayo imisebenzi yabo, njengesiqhelo, ngokucokisekileyo kunye ngenkuthalo.

Marshall icebo

Kuloo minyaka, eYurophu ludilikile. izakhiwo Ukutshatyalaliswa industrial, nabantu abalambayo, zasuka zatshona uqoqosho kunye kwamaxabiso yoyikekayo. Konke oku sizoku lwisana le nkumbulo igazi ezoyikekayo ndidandathekile zamajoni isijwili.

Kwaye ngoko ke kwizilumko neengqondi Dzhordzh Ketlett inika inkqubo ukulungisa le meko ngamazwe.

yaba icebo George C. Marshall ntoni? Iminyaka emine, eMelika ikhululekile ukudlulisela amandla ithi ezilishumi elinesithandathu apho asayina isivumelwano, billion ezilishumi zeerandi, nto leyo efunekayo kuphela ukusebenzisa ukubuyisela lweshishini (okanye ukuyilwa ezintsha), kwakunye ukudala amathuba emisebenzi.

Amazwe ezifumene uncedo phantsi inkqubo Marshall: eNgilani, France, West Jamani, Holland, Austria, Belgium kunye nabanye. Kamva kuluhlu kwakukho Japan kunye namanye amazwe East Asia.

USSR eFinland bala uncedo.

Omnye yemiqathango yale "isiCwangciso Marshall" ukuze kufunwe kususwe oorhulumente ngamaqela wamaKomanisi.

States ukunika uncedo ngokungqinelana nale program, emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabini, bakwazi ukuthatha indawo elungileyo phakathi kwamazwe aphambili ehlabathini.

Akumangalisi ke, ngokuba indalo kweSicwangciso yayo Marshall wafumana ibhaso le-Nobel. Ukongeza i-Nobel Prize, Dzhordzh Marshall waphawula nezinye ngeziqu, zanikwa amabhaso eziliqela kunye neembasa. igama lakhe ukuba kunikwe izikolo iindlela.

George Marshall PIU

Lo mfanekiso Marshall ezizukileyo ziboniswe kule drama zomkhosi Stivena Spilberga "Saving Private URyan", apho American Jikelele thaca kule abaphulaphuli ngendlela oogxa bakhe bayazi: ukungoyiki, unyanisekile, onengqondo nezinesidima.

Dzhordzh Ketlett Marshall wafa eneminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe anesibhozo.