Iintlawulo ezikhutshelweyo Government. Ukudlulisela iintlawulo - ukuba ...

Iintlawulo ezidlulisiweyo - intlawulo ngohlobo imbuyekezo karhulumente, amaqumrhu asemthethweni, kwakunye namanye amashishini non-karhulumente. ngaba baqhubeka ukuxhasa ezi ezikhoyo kunye izinto ezichaseneyo kwezoqoqosho kweli lizwe. Oku kusekelwe ngokutsha izibonelelo ukusuka mali ngakwicala abantu abasokolayo.

definition

Iintlawulo ezi mali kumashishini of ezahlukeneyo iifom ubunini, abavelisi Russian kunye neentlawulo inzala kwimali ebiyiboleka karhulumente. Kulo luhlu ungenza okanye iintlawulo ngemali neemfuno zentlalo: yokufunda, inkamnkam, imbuyiselo ngezo ndleko eluncedo.

Ukuqwalaselwa iintlawulo ezikhutshelweyo ezinxulumene kwinkcazelo ixabiso elongezelelekileyo ukusuka naliphi na iqumrhu loshishino. ixabiso layo umiselwa umahluko phakathi kwexabiso wadala baqaphele elandelayo kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo kunye neendleko ezinxulumene kunye nokufunyanwa izinto ekrwada. Ekuthiwa- value added kubonisa igalelo yokwenene zekhampani nganye ukwenza imveliso yokugqibela ngohlobo yenzuzo, imivuzo kunye nokwehla.

I-accounting iintlawulo tranfernyh

Iintlawulo ezikhutshelweyo ziboniswe kubalo ye-GDP. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo ixabiso lempahla kunye neenkonzo zikhutshwa (ngaphandle) kwisithuba yangoku. Nakuba kunjalo, amanani ifunyenwe ukuba sisuswe imisebenzi ethile non-onemveliso, ezibandakanya iintlobo ezimbini kwempahla angathengisa iintengiselwano kuphela zemali.

Types of iintlawulo ezikhutshelweyo

Kule hlobo yesibini imisebenzi ezingezo-lokuvelisa yahlulahlulwe ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• iintlawulo ezikhutshelweyo kaRhulumente, ngaphandle inkamnkam, imivuzo, uncedo ngqesho, izipho kunye noncedo iindidi ezahlukeneyo abasweleyo.
• iintlawulo Private transfer, ezo kwabunjwa, umzekelo, ukunceda abafundi abazali babo, izipho izalamane izityebi njalo njalo. N. Ezi imisebenzi aba ngenxa yomsebenzi mveliso, kwaye senze kunikezelo basis of umntu zabucala komnye.

Ngoko ke, kukho omnye, inkcazelo ngokubanzi. Iintlawulo - i transfer ayinakuguqulwa yaye unilateral ubunini, imali, iimpahla kunye neenkonzo phakathi abaqhubi zoqoqosho kwelinye ngokusekelwe bezoplatnoy. Yiyo loo nto imisebenzi ezahlukeneyo entsimini kuzizibambiso (umzekelo, intengiso kunye nokuthengwa baviswa imixokelelwane ntlanzi) nazo kurhoxiswa ekubaleni GDP, ngokuba ezi imisebenzi i exchange olula asethi iphepha ukulungiselela injongo ngokutsha kwepropati.

Imbali ingenzeka

Enye kuhlawulwa ngo-1944 yayiquka kakhulu umdla kwi yetyala federal kunye neenzuzo kummandla lokhuseleko loluntu. Iintlawulo zange Iintlawulo zeempahla okanye neenkonzo. Ngako oko ke, nazo azibandakanywanga-GDP. Phantsi c ezithile ngaphandle kwaye imali evela kurhulumente, amelwe njengoko iintlawulo. Kungenxa ngo-1944 elinawo cula kwentlawulo ukuba iirhafu inshorensi yasekuhlaleni. Noko ke, kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe koko, la manqaku sele wayeka ukuba kwincitho omnye. Ngoko ke, imithetho engundoqo esebenzayo kubo bonke minyaka ixesha lethu, yimfuneko ukuba uthabathe isixa lweentlawulo transfer ngaphandle ukusuka kwimali efunyenweyo kubaluleke yesizwe. Kuphela kunye nale algorithm, imali yerhafu kongezwe imali ezinzulu iya kulingana isixa yenkcitho karhulumente ngokudibene ne-mali iyonke.

Iintlawulo ezifakwa kwii-kubemi

Olu hlobo lwentlawulo ezinxulumene kudidi "unearned". Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba akukho intlawulo ngqo ngeenkonzo ezinikezelweyo kwaye kwakhona ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo yezoqoqosho njengoko kwentlawulo. Oku, okokuqala, inzuzo ye-inshorensi yoluntu, nto leyo ihlawulwe kubantu abangaphangeliyo okanye abadala. Okwesibini, apha ekunokuthiwa izibonelelo kumagqala imfazwe. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, wesithathu, transfer payments iquka iintlawulo inzala kumatyala karhulumente. Ngoko ke, lo yengeniso nawuphi na ummi of Russia nga ziquka imali ukulungiselela ukuveliswa kunye nokuthengiswa kweempahla kunye neenkonzo kunye nokudluliselwa kweentlawulo. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha elifanayo kwingeniso wenza ukugcinwa iminikelo zokhuseleko loluntu kwintlawulo umvuzo. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza lwesilinganiso ethile kuqoqosho karhulumente kwaye ukudala isiseko kokuba kwenziwe iintlawulo ezilandelayo.

Ifuthe yommiselo karhulumente kwi iintlawulo ezikhutshelweyo

Into ephambili engundoqo ezingummiselo kwezoqoqosho karhulumente a inguquko yokuqhelanisa ngubani na ngoku xa ukulahlwa kwicandelo likarhulumente yelizwe yezoqoqosho. Kweli candela njengoko kukho iinguqu ezibalulekileyo ezinxulumene iinjongo, iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye ezisebenza ekusebenzeni kwezibonelelo zecandelo likarhulumente. Kweli thuba, kusenokuba kukho iingxaki ezintsha ezinxulumene kudityaniso kwicandelo ezikhoyo karhulumente kunye necandelo labucala kwezoqoqosho.

transfer Umthombo iintlawulo

Kuba ukusebenza ngokukuko karhulumente kufuneka kusoloko kukho inxalenye ethile sengeniso yesizwe kuqoqosho lentengiso. Ngoko ke, lo ephambili yokuqala yokungenelela karhulumente ulawulo ngqo ngesandla sakhe, ethe yabonakalisa ngokuphumeza amanyathelo ejolise ekunciphiseni ukungalingani imali. Imarike yanamhlanje kunegalelo kule nokungalingani ukwabiwa sengeniso yesizwe phakathi kwabemi. Namhlanje, phakathi eninzi jikelele, ubuhlwempu buyaqhubeka ukuba iingxaki enkulu lwezopolitiko noqoqosho. Ngoko ke, ukwanda iintlawulo kunegalelo nokunikezelwa iingeniso zerhafu ngenxa iintlawulo ngurhulumente kwezinye iinxalenye labemi ngohlobo izibonelelo ezithile (ezifana ngqesho okanye imfazwe amagqala), kwakunye neentlawulo zokhuseleko loluntu. Ngoko ke, ezi mali kwenza ezinye indlela yokungena nokuphuma kwezibonelelo, ezo abasoloko thatha ifomu imali. Amaxesha amaninzi ngokohlobo kwiithagethi okanye iindlela zokuhlawula hlobo (umzekelo, ukutya usana uluhlu). Ngokwembono iintlawulo ubukhulu Uqoqosho transfer kufuneka ibalwe nangokobungakanani, njengoko ifunyenwe kwi isixa esifunekayo ixhomekeke isixa-mali sengeniso yerhafu. Ngapha koko, iirhafu zezona mthombo ukuba nokudluliselwa kweentlawulo.

Izizathu non-yokufakwa kule GDP

Ukungaphumeleli zibe isixa-GDP ngenxa yokungabikho kwiintlawulo ezifana ngenxa ekuvelisweni imveliso entsha, kukho nokunikezelwa kuphela ingeniso iyonke. Iintlawulo ezidlulisiweyo kufuneka zibandakanywe kuphela inkcitho kwabathengi labucala kunye iindleko zotyalo iinkampani (ngohlobo izibonelelo).

Xa oku nokungena kwezimali zabucala nenxalenye iintlawulo sokuphuma ubuye uthabathe ngohlobo kwentlawulo.