Iintlobo uphahla kuyilo (ifoto emileyo). Iintlobo kophahla gable. Iintlobo uphahla zezindlu yabucala indawo yokugcina

Iintlobo uphahla zezakhiwo emiselwe kwinqanaba yokuyila indlu. Xa ukhetha uqwalaselo kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela imbonakalo kunye kobuhle kwisakhiwo, kwakunye neemeko zemozulu ise isakhiwo, iimfuno eziqhelekileyo bokwakha.

Iyonke uphahla

Iintlobo uphahla zezindlu zabucala kunye amagama abo ichazwe ngu iinkcukacha zabo. Kwiinkalo ezininzi bayo nesimilo wesakhiwo ixhomekeke phezu kwendlu. Kunokuba abe rays omnye, ababini okanye ngaphezulu, kuba iflethi okanye kuphela. Kophahla yobukho ezimbini okanye ezine ukuya imitha zokuhlala isici.

Uyilo caba lisetyenziswa izakhiwo multi-ezinemigangatho kunye noshishino. Le yeyona ixhaphakileyo iintlobo uphahla ukuba iigaraji kunye izakhiwo. Noko ke, caba uba engxakini enkulu - babanike ngokubaleka ekhawulezileyo nokugcinwa kwabo wakhe imali ngaphezu kokuba uphahla bamisa.

Musa ukubhidanisa 'uphahla' lwe ingqiqo kunye 'uphahla', ngokuba ezi zinto nangona ezinxulumene omnye komnye, kodwa bubuntu izixhobo zabo ezahlukeneyo. Uphahla - yeyona nto ephezulu isakhiwo, ekwenzeni ziluvingcile ngokuzala, amanzi kunye umsebenzi nobushushu-zokwambathisa ezikhoyo. Uphahla - yinxalenye kophahla, ukukhusela isakhiwo kwiimpembelelo lwangaphandle umoya. Kuba ozakulusebenza usebenzisa isileyiti, tile, isinyithi kunye nezinye izinto zokuxhoma uphahla. Iintlobo uphahla ngokuba izindlu zabucala ziza kuboniswa kweli nqaku.

Classification nokujikeleza

Ithambeka kwamathambeka zophahla zahlulwe zibe tyaba yaye bamisa. ithambeka kophahla Flat ingqalelo loo apho engile ukutyekela ezinemiphetho uphikisana ayikho ngaphezu kweqondo lama-2.5. Oku kuyilwa has ethile ebalulekileyo - kubhaliwe ilibele imvula, kamva ekhokelela ukunxiba kunye abangele evuzayo.

Amagqabi emithi awileyo neetyuwa ngezandla acocekileyo pologoskatnoy kophahla. Kuba ukwakhiwa nemiqolomba kunye nezindlu zabucala, esi sakhiwo lisusiwe. Uphahla flat nigcobe eziphakamileyo kunye nezakhiwo mveliso, izakhiwo ezingezizo zokuhlala kunye iigaraji.

Ngexesha ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zabucala phantse lonke kusetyenziswa kuyilo luthi. Loo isamente kuqwalaselwa, ukuba angle utyekelo ilingana no okanye inkulu kuna degrees 10. Kumathambeka ayithethi ikhephu ukunyakama, leyo kunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphandle phezu kophahla angaxingi.

Iintlobo uphahla kuyilo: ifoto kunye nokuchongwa

kophahla, wahlukana egumbini, oko kukuthi, indawo yokugcina, kwaye kudityaniswe igumbi - .. = Yakhelwe-up. Garret, ke, itshiswa okulala. Comment = Yakhelwe-up isabelo kwi kungena ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokungaphelelanga kwaye non-kungena.

Ukukwazi ukusebenzisa uphahla ukusetyenziswa zasekhaya kunye nezinye liwabe zibe ezikunika unexploited. inkqubela kwezobugcisa kunye neengcinga ezimnandi nabayili wasinika iintlobo ngeentlobo kophahla kubume. Iifoto kunye nemizobo thaca kweli nqaku liza kusinceda ukuba simazi nabo.

Iifom ezakhiwe uphahla kwimilo zejometri kwindlu

Baphalaze kophahla kube moya enye, edulusele phezu imiqadi ebekwe kwi eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, apho ithambeka kwaye kwasekwa kwicala elinye. Eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ukuze isakhiwo uphahla - hayi kubiza imali eninzi kwaye hayi kakhulu ixesha. Ukutyabeka ukuba nasiphi na isixhobo ezifulelwe. Eliphezulu kwelinye kwiziphambuka kweintanethi. Noko ke, kukuxhobisa yokugcina phantsi kophahla eliphalaziweyo Kusengenzeka kodwa kuya kufuna iprojekthi eyodwa eyongezelelweyo kulo.

uphahla Gable luqulathe moya ezimbini ilele phezu kweendonga ngokuzala, kwinqanaba elifanayo. Kwenye ezinjalo uphahla kuthiwa gable. Icandelo ezingoonxantathu eludongeni, "zidibenene" phakathi kumathambeka ezimbini, ebizwa ngokuba "fin". design Gable leyo ephucula nzima, kodwa kulula kakhulu kuzo zonke ezinye iintlobo eluphahleni.

design Gable nawo ahlulwe ngendlela ethile. Iintlobo kophahla gable: phezulu emotweni kunye raznoskatnaya. Kuba eliphezulu ebonakala imigca baphuke engile stingrays ezahlukeneyo kunye gables pentagonal. Oku kuyilwa kufuna indawo ngakumbi nokucwangciswa imbala. ummango Upper walungiselela kwindawo engile encinane.

Izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo zophahla gable

Ukukwazi ukunyenyisa phezulu umkhusane banike iindidi gable uphahla emizi. Imizobo kunye neeprojekthi ezongezelelweyo kulo mzekelo akukho mfuneko yokuba, ngokuba ukuthembakala uphahla okupheleleyo ivuke. uphahla Gable uye kwezinye izinto ecacileyo phezu kwezinye izimiselo:

• Ukufikeleleka ukwakhiwa.
• uyilo Simple nenoqoqosho.
• egcwele isakhiwo kunye namathuba lilungiselelo iifestile gables.
• Ilula self-ukwakha ngaphandle inxaxheba labezempilo ezibizayo.

Bobubi zezi:

• Ukuxhomekeka yobude kunye engile kummandla wendlu. I elikhulu endlwini, izinto kudingeka ukuba ukudala uphahla gable.
• Umbutho ifuna ukwanda ukuphakama imbala kunye nenani lweziqalelo axhasayo, nto leyo eyandisa iindleko zokwakha.

Uphahla indlu nge cars

iintlobo neeDormer ukwakha kophahla gable kulwakhiwo nemizi kunye nezindlu. Height mansard kophahla kwimigangatho zobugcisa ayinakuba ngaphantsi kwe 2.3 m, ekubeni umphakamo enjalo esilungiselelwe kwisilingi kwizakhiwo. inkqubo Truss le eliphezulu le naslonnoy kunye ilenga.

inkqubo Naslonnaya kuvumelekile kuphela xa umgama phakathi kweendonga zombini ezichaphazela ukuya kwiimitha 7. kubume bayo siyifumana inyaniso yokuba omnye isiphelo umqadi inxalenye yodonga lokuzala, kunye nezinye - ezindongeni langaphakathi okanye ngokukodwa sakhiwe isakhiwo inkxaso.

Kwimigaqo, imiqadi zisekelwe naslonnyh ezinye iintlobo uphahla kumakhaya kunye uphahla. imiqadi Ulenga asetyenziswa xa kungekho isakhiwo yangaphakathi yeendonga eziphambili. A inkxaso truss ezijingayo kuphuma mauerlat (log okanye ibhodi obukhulu kakhulu, ibekwe esesiphelweni aphezulu udonga olungaphandle). Zokumelana imithwalo basezifama yanxitywa iirholithi okanye ucingo.

uphahla Mansard nayo zohlulwa ngokwendidi eziliqela. Zezi:

• Ziyalingana.
• Yezi zinto.
• Somzobo onamacala amaninzi.
• Ententeni.

eliphezulu macala olusekwa xa kukho uphahla gable. Ngelo ekwindawo enye eliphezulu iza kuba ludonga efanayo ubude nobubanzi. imilo macala ikuvumela ufake i window uphahla epheleleyo, yaye ukuba kuyimfuneko ucango, ukuba uceba ukuphuma ukuya ibhalkhoni.

imilo azilingani ebonelelwe izihlangu gambrel indawo. Kwi gumbi elifanayo imbala indawo encinci. Ezimbini kweendonga zayo ziya kuba ngokohlobo zoonxantathu, kunye nabanye ababini - trapezoids.

uphahla gable Somzobo onamacala amaninzi abizwa ngokuba sinawo ubuso yangaphandle ye kinks ukwandisa isithuba imbala. A feature of loyilo polygonal kuthathwa nomphakamo encinane iindonga kwisithuba eliphezulu. Loo uphahla idla shelwe kwiimeko apho eliphezulu yakhelwe phezu indlu esele kwakhiwa. design Somzobo onamacala amaninzi ishenxisa umthwalo kwi kwisiseko, nto leyo ayenzelwanga ukwenza nokuba mnye floor zokuhlala.

Phantsi intente eliphezulu kophahla inokuba setyhula, etsobhileyo, pyramidal. Lungelelanisa iifestile okanye kwiminyango kweli gumbi ethile kunzima kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba kufuneka zenziwe kwi imizobo ezikhethekileyo. zivula buxande Simple kulo mzekelo musa ukungena.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga inyonga intente izakhiwo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, kuba ulwakhiwo kumgangatho imbala hipped efanelekileyo kunye nophahla hip.

Hipped (hipped) uyilo, ebonakala ngu yokuba ubuso bayo ababini ifomu zoonxantathu, kunye nabanye ababini - trapezoid isosceles.

ummango oonxantathu akhiwe ngayo indiza kunye gables, yaye kuthiwa 'hip. " Kuba hip kophahla kusetyenziswa ukwakhiwa girder kunye ukuqinisa kabini. Umbilo kunye nophahla isuswe kakhulu nje. Gambrel azifake ngokuqhelekileyo itsheke kwi-engile degrees 45.

Lwehla eweni, ithetha imfuneko yokuba inkqubo yemibhobho. Yakha isakhiwo enjalo ngezandla zakhe kunzima, ekubeni iphawulwa obunobunzima imiqadi, ukufakelwa esifuna nocoselelo izakhono ezizodwa.

Kukho kwakhona uphahla poluvalmovaya. Oku hipped uyilo efanayo, kodwa thumbanails yayo udonga ezingoonxantathu kwaye lubekwe etyekele ezincinane isalamane azifake trapezoidal.

Iindidi uphahla hip kuthathwa inyonga, apho zonke ray imile ngokufanayo yemigca. kophahla Hip ezinza ukuba isiseko yendlu ichazwe ngohlobo Ikwadrilatherali rhoqo okanye enye polygon rhoqo. Oku kuyilwa ngenkangeleko ufana yephiramidi, njengoko zonke ray idibane kwindawo enye ngaphezulu.

Izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo kasikrobana kunye intente izakhiwo

Izinto eziluncedo zezi ntlobo zezakhiwo zezi:

• Loo ndlu zanamaphahla olunjalo yokuqala, ngayo kuqala.
• Amandla, iyahlala nokuthembeka.
• Uzinzo ku layisha ezibangelwa ngumoya kwezulu.
• indawo yokugcina ukufudumala ngokulinganayo ngeenxa zonke, nto leyo evumela ukuba kukuxhobisa yokugcina impahla kwemiqathango ubomi obutofotofo.

Hipped kunye nophahla gambrel kwaye babe neengxaki ezithile:

• Designs eziyintsinda kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwaye zifuna izibalo zobunjineli ezikhethekileyo.
• Ngenxa indawo ebanzi lwesakhiwo skate enobunzima eliphezulu.
• Ixabiso eliphezulu le ukwakhiwa eliphezulu kuba ifowuni kufuneka kweendonga ezongezelelweyo eliphezulu ngokweeperimeter yayo.

Mnogoschiptsovaya kunye nezinye iintlobo ezinqabileyo uphahla

Kukho iindidi enzima ngakumbi uphahla kumakhaya. Mnogoschiptsovaya - omnye wabo. Le uyilo sifakwa kwi isakhiwo imilo polygonal, kunye kophahla kunye ezaziyiyo iiveranda. Oku azakubalulwa yobuninzi iikona zangaphakathi nangaphandle.

Inani elikhulu iimbambo kunye skate unika endlwini uhlobo bubumnandi kwaye izahlule kwabanye. Mnogoschiptsovye uqwalaselo - oku izimvo ezininzi omangalisayo eluphahleni zezindlu zabucala kunye balcony kunye nezinye nendlu kunye nezongezelelo zokuhombisa.

Mnogoschiptsovaya uphahla ithetha inkqubo truss kwaye zingqinisiswe, kungakuhle ukuba owonithemba ukwakhiwa abasebenzi abanezakhono (njengoko nokulungisa iimpazamo ezenziwe self-yokwakha, ixabiso eliphezulu ixabisa). Mnogoschiptsovaya kunye hipped - oku iintlobo ezininzi obutofotofo uphahla kumakhaya. Kunye okanye ngaphandle isakhiwo sayo cars enjalo yokwakha kophahla a likhuselwe kakuhle kwimpembelelo iimeko zangaphandle ezimbi.

Etsobhileyo nophahla angqukuva - ezinqabileyo, kodwa nakokwabo iindlela zakhe umdla. Ayizizo zonke ngezakhono cap kuyilo efanayo. Xa intliziyo isakhiwo, isicelo uphahla etsobhileyo okanye amajukujuku, kufuneka ulale isangqa, okanye kuphela ezinye iziqwenga isakhiwo ufihle - masimu, neenqaba, verandas. Cone kunye Dome - iintlobo kunokuba engaqhelekanga uphahla kumakhaya yabucala veranda.

Sesakhiwo cottage afumaneka zidityanisiwe, imixube ezintsonkothileyo ezidibanisa izinto kwentente, amajukujuku, gable hipped kunye nophahla izakhiwo. Ezi ntlobo unique uphahla baqheliswa indlu uqalwa uyilo entsonkothileyo, ezinamazinga ezininzi zokuphila, balcony eziliqela, verandas Amathambeka.

izinto ezisisiseko kophahla

Inyathelo lokugqibela ekwakhiweni kwendlu ithathwa ukuba Ukufakelwa kophahla eyenzelwe ukukhusela ekhaya imvula, umoya, ukubanda kunye nezinye zemozulu "inkathazo." Ngendlela eyiyo kwakhelwa eluphahleni, kwaye kuxhomekeke ayasiqinisekisa sakhiwo.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba nikhethe iimathiriyeli kunye design izixazululo ukwakhiwa uphahla zahlukahlukene kakhulu, imigaqo kunye nezinto eziqhelekileyo nayiphi imeko aya kuba njalo.

NgeNgca Pie - ukwakhiwa equka maleko eziliqela, ukudala umqobo nxamnye umthondo ukunyakama, amafu thermal, iilahleko thermal kunye nezinye iimeko ezinzima emalunga nokusebenza eliseluphahleni. Esicwangciswe umqhathane shelwe ngolandelelwano olungqongqo, yaye ngalinye amaqhina oqhagamshelwano ezidlulileyo.

Isakhelo - inkqubo umqadi (elements ukuzala), apho zibekwa yophahla ipayi.

Zophahla - izinto ezizodwa eyenzelwe ukukhusela isakhiwo kwiimpembelelo zemozulu.

Zinonxibelelwano - element eyakhayo iibhulorho ngakumbi kunye nezinto lighter zokwakha, "elele" ezindongeni axhasayo kunye nophahla ukukhonza amagumbi kumgangatho ophezulu wesakhiwo.

Iintlobo zezixhobo zokwakha

Ezi ndidi zilandelayo nophahla, yaye ukhetho lwabo akuthethi ithathele ingqalelo izimvo kophahla lwesakhiwo. Ngalunye kwezi ntlobo zilandelayo ezifanelekileyo naluphi na uhlobo yesakhelo.

• Isileyiti - "imali" izinto nophahla, kodwa zithandwa kakhulu phakathi abaphuhlisi. Kutshanje, akuzange imveliso yehlile ngenxa ukuvela lentengiso Ipeyinti ezintsha ezizodwa.
• Roll materials (athambileyo) zenziwa kwi kwisiseko ngebhitumene kananjalo iindleko ezifikelelekayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ilahleko ebonakalayo - ukuxhathisa abahluphekayo kugqithise lobushushu. izinto Bituminous lula athambe ubushushu kakhulu kwaye zonakaliswe yi kuneqabaka nzima. Ziqwenga yemastic coating kulu, leyo xa isetyenziswe ukukhanya UV nayo ulahlekelwa luthambe. Kukholelwa ukuba ubomi ukutyabeka coil awudluli iminyaka 7.
• Ngokohlobo elilandelayo Ipeyinti ziquka zemastic polymeric. Zisetyenziswa ukwenza nophahla olutsha kwiteknoloji ingenamthungo; kwaye ukuba kutywinwe iintanda uphahla ezindala naluphi na uhlobo. Intlama ziyasetyenziswa kumphezulu ekwimo elulwelo, yaye emva Ukuqinisa bavelise egudileyo, engaqukunjelwanga monolithic thermal usambathisa ngeso lenyama. osemqoka yazo ebalulekileyo bhetyebhetye, ukulondoloza ingqibelelo kophahla kwimeko deformation thermal.
• Mastics uzinzile lokuba kwelanga kunye namaqondo obushushu asezantsi, ayisindi kunye ixesha elide kakhulu. ubomi babo inkonzo yiminyaka 25-28. esekelwe irabha yemastic ukutyabeka na izityalo zonke iintlobo uphahla kumakhaya kunye uphahla.
• Okanye sheet intsimbi kwalenza isale ngobhedu ingxubevange anticorrosive, titanium okanye zinc zithi ziqhubekeke kuthandwa phakathi abathengi. Bona zakhululwa rolls okanye sheets. Ukutyabeka Isefu kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kophahla phantse 90 iminyaka.
• sheets profiled okudalwe ukubanda intsimbi uyila, simulating tile ukuguda noburhabaxa. Sheet ubukhulu 0.5 mm, likumyinge kugcinwa a intsila zinc-aluminiyam kwaye eziphathekayo ukumelana umhlwa. Ukungabikho steel agciniweyo ukuba ayenzelwanga ukuba ukugoba kunye oluthambileyo ngokupheleleyo. Kukholelwa ukuba le nto kakhulu ukuba iintlobo ezilula uphahla bamisa izindlu lizwe kunye nezindlu ngamnye.
• A uphahla ngakumbi, akukho eqhelekileyo ngaphantsi aziwayo na ithayile yodongwe kunye isamente. Le nto inzima kakhulu, ukuze kukugubungela kumathambeka kuphela-engile utyekelo elingekho ngaphantsi kwe-25 degrees, kungenjalo kuya kufuneka inkqubo enamandla ephethe emiqadini. Ayasiqinisekisa ithayile = eliphezulu - engama-90 nangaphezulu.

ukwambathisa Thermal uphahla ukuba zingangenwa

Enoba iintlobo eluphahleni kuyilo, sonke ke kufuneka ukuba ubushushu ezongezelelweyo nokhuselo ukufuma. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa uphahla, phantsi apho kukho amagumbi yokugcina.

Ukufudumala - kulinyathelo elibalulekileyo ekudaleni nophahla pie ethembekileyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ukuya eliphezulu baphila kamnandi naliphi na ixesha lonyaka, kufuneka ukhethe izinto yokwambathisa ekunene kwaye nangendlela uyayifaka.

Zokuvala, wenza ngokwayo yonke kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe, ukuqinisekisa imeko abaqhelekileyo kwi gumbi. Ebusika, imbala zifudumeleyo, kwaye xa kushushu apha ziza kugcinwa epholileyo.

ukwambathisa Thermal zophahla mansard senziwa imigaqo efanayo naleyo isakhiwo kophahla eqhelekileyo, kodwa nokonyuka iimfuno evela iimpawu imbala. neendonga zaso akhiwa kwimitha uphahla kunye gables, ngenxa yokuba oko ilanga ihlobo overheats kubo, yaye ebusika neendonga emkhenkceni ngokukhawuleza.

Uphahla eliphezulu ikeyiki iqulathe kwiiseli ezininzi, ukulandelelana ongayi kuba badlwengulwe. Zezi:

• umqobo umphunga.
• Ngqo amalahle eziphathekayo.
• gap umoya.
• Zingangenwa.
• Roof nesigqubuthelo.

Ukukhetha ilothe uphahla mansard, kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo conductivity yayo thermal. Olu phawu lubonisa ubuchule lwezixhobo Kwathi ubushushu abe kwigumbi okanye ngaphandle. Inowuthi conductivity thermal, ngcono ke ubushushu, yaye kokukhona kuya kukhusela eliphezulu lika lungapholi. Naziphi na iintlobo uphahla lwezindlu yabucala eliphezulu kwaye igaraji baphelelwa ubushushu ngexesha kubanda, ekubeni umoya efudumeleyo unyuka imithetho physics.

Ubushushu phe cake nophahla kwaye anikwe yayisoma ukuba igutyungelwe ikhephu ebusika kunye. Ukuba iqondo umoya alithe gangqa degrees -2,5, ikhephu ngenxa kubume aneentunja, umsebenzi zangaphandle yokwambathisa ubushushu.

Kwi esebenzayo kakhulu ilahleko ubushushu ikhephu phezu kophahla uqala ukunyibilika, okutsho ukuba ice uqweqwe. It kwandisa umthwalo phezu kophahla kunye, ngokwahlukileyo kwikhephu, ubushushu idlula. Ukuba ubushushu uphahla efakiweyo yimithetho, phezu komhlaba bekhephu akayi zinyibilike, ngokulandelelanayo, yaye akuyi kuba ice uqweqwe.

Ehlotyeni, xa kushushu kakhulu, ubushushu obugqithisileyo ongena imbala. Umoya itshiswe kakhulu kangangokuba xa conditioner umoya ukugcina ubukho bume abaqhelekileyo kwi gumbi akunakwenzeka. Ukuze siphephe iingxaki ezinjalo uphahla yokugcina Thermal kwakhona kwi-ngaphakathi.

Ngaphambi kokufaka uphahla yephayi kuba eliphezulu kukhethiwe ubushushu thermal. Ukhetho oluchanekileyo ixhomekeke nenani lamanqanaba kunye ububanzi ingxenye usambathisa. Izinto ziqhelekileyo kwaye ezifumanekayo:

• istro Extruded.
• Lyu amagwebu.
• Izimbiwa kunye uboya zeBlack.
• Glass wool.
• glass Foamed.

Izifudumezi inokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngokusekelwe izinto zendalo: amakhuko engcongolweni, chips iinkuni, iindiza, zeBlack.