Amaphepha emibuzo ukulungiselela njani inkxaso ukuhlawulela iinkonzo eluncedo kakhulu efanelekileyo ukuba inxalenye enkulu yabemi eRashiya. Njengoko bathi, ngubani onolwazi - uphethe ihlabathi ngubani na olaziyo nto, usoloko wangaphandle. Eneneni, ngumzali, izityebi ufumana ngakumbi evela kurhulumente ngaphezu kwabasweleyo. Ngoko ke, sifumana iinkcukacha ukukhupha njani yesibonelelo irenti, kwaye wonqena kakhulu ukuba yokucima inkundla, ukufumana inkxaso kurhulumente.
Izizathu-mali karhulumente
Ukunyuka okukhulu kumahluko labemi emva ekuweni eSoviet Union ugxeke uninzi abemi, ingakumbi abo basuka zisingelwe ngokwentlalo, ukuba ubukho ndini. ilungelelanise izinto kwamaxabiso eluncedo, ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yaseYurophu, ngelishwa, ezingahambi ulungelelaniso enye ingeniso kunye inkamnkam. Ngenxa yoko, iindleko ukuze kugcinwe endawo yokulala okanye eqeshwe abe ngumthwalo unsupportable kwiindidi ezininzi abemi. ukususela 1995 State, uphumeza inkqubo mali yoluntu njengendlela zisebenzisane iindleko zeenkonzo intlawulo zidweliswe ngasentla. Kodwa hayi yonke ngokwenene udinga uncedo, asiphanganga kuyo. Imfuneko yokukhuthaza olu hlobo lwenkxaso karhulumente kunye ukufundiswa oluchanileyo umbuzo lokukhupha njani isibonelelo seenkonzo eluncedo esixekweni.
Iinkxaso njengendlela uncedo
Subsidies ezi umnikelo kwemali abathengi ukuncedisana inxalenye kulahleke intlawulo kwi iimpahla ezithile ngokucacileyo. Ukuba umxhamli we imali ukuzisebenzisa ngendlela eyahlukileyo, urhulumente unalo ilungelo lokufuna ukuba ukubuya phantsi izibalo ezabiweyo. State inkxaso yemali abemi kwimicimbi Izixhobo zikaWonke intlawulo sibalwa hayi kuchaphazela uluntu loMzantsi Afrika, kwaye nabasweleyo ngokwenene. Ngemilinganiselo yengingqi, umnini-mhlaba unelungelo lokukhupha isibonelelo ukuya kwindlu kwimeko umxholo wayo bachitha ngaphezulu kwe-22% yomvuzo njengosapho lonke, siphila kulo izindlu. Ubungakanani-mali akukho kuqiniseka ngokucacileyo kwaye kuxhomekeke kwinani lamalungu osapho kunye nokuba babe namalungelo.
Ifaneleke ukuxhaswa
Iinkxaso Ungafumana nabasebenzisa lwezindlu kwempahla karhulumente okanye kamasipala, amalungu amashishini amanyeneyo izindlu susa izindlu kunye mandatory nokubhaliswa kwesivumelwano, kwakunye abanini zokuhlala. Umthetho umisela ukuba abaviwa inkxaso-mali karhulumente kufuneka babe ngabemi Russia okanye amanye amazwe lobuhlobo, nto leyo isayinwe isivumelwano ahambelanayo. Namhlanje ke abemi Belarus kunye Kazakhstan. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka anike ubungqina obubhaliweyo bokuba ulondolozo kule ndlu bachitha ngaphezulu kwamashumi amabini ekhulwini imali yentsapho iyonke. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, izibonelelo ukuze kufumana abemi semva ekuhlawuleni irente. Ngelo xesha, ukuba kufunyaniswe ngenjongo yokuhlawula amatyala, babhala isivumelwano ebudaleni zabo laqalisa intlawulo, umenzi-sicelo unelungelo mali karhulumente kwiinkonzo LCD. Uncediso-mali ludluliselwa isithuba seenyanga ezintandathu.
Isicelo izibonelelo
Statement kwaye isethi yamaxwebhu ubhaliso-mali karhulumente kwi eziluncedo kufuneka zifayilishe umnini okanye nabaqeshi. Kwiimeko ezizodwa kakhulu, kungenzeka ezinjalo abameli balo. Ngaloo ingqalelo ngokusemthethweni njengabazali, abagcini, abazali besibini okanye nakubagcini abantwana okanye abemi nabakhubazekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka ubhale izivumelwano lokukhupha amandla egqwetha egunyazisa ukumela iimfuno esemthethweni umnini okanye umqeshi lwezindlu. Ifomu yesicelo ezikhethekileyo iyafumaneka kwi-arhente zokhuseleko loluntu okanye nge-elektroniki ukulayisha kwiiwebhusayithi zabo. Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba akhuphe isibonelelo seenkonzo eluncedo nge-intanethi okanye ngeposi. Oku kugcina ndisihla abaphathi-mkhosi. Ithumela amaxwebhu phezu Internet ifuna ukusetyenziswa yokushicilela elektroniki.
Le phakeji yokufunda kwamaxwebhu
Abantu abaninzi abanomdla ukukhupha njani isibonelelo seenkonzo eluncedo, wayenexhala ngemfuneko yokuqokelela inani elikhulu lwamaxwebhu. Ukuze isiqabu wonke, ukuba akunjalo kakhulu;
- ifomu yesicelo.
- Ulwazi kwinani lamalungu osapho abaphila ne-sicelo (isiqinisekiso ukwakheka yosapho).
- Ulwazi malunga nengeniso amalungu entsapho kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo.
- Ulwazi malunga yezinkonzo (irisiti ihlawulwe). Ukuba ine ityala, kuyimfuneko ukuba bangenise isivumelwano kunye eziluncedo yoomasipala lokuhlawula ityala, kunye iirisithi intlawulo yokuqala.
- Iikopi zamaxwebhu ukuqinisekisa:
- ilungelo kwizindlu okanye ukusetyenziswa (isenzo babucala, okanye isivumelwano sengqesho);
- ubuhlobo namalungu entsapho umfaki-sicelo emiselweyo izindlu, ngokuqulethwe leyo umi ngaphandle kwenkxaso-mali;
- ilungelo lomenzi-sicelo okanye amalungu osapho lwakhe izibonelelo kunye nezinye imbuyekezo.
An Ukongeza ebalulekileyo: unako Qinisekisani zonke ezo iikopi, kwaye kudibanisa nabo yokuqala uze ubonise ligosa. Oku kuya kunciphisa imfuneko ukwenza amanyathelo eyongezelelweyo ubhaliso-mali.
Abasemagunyeni ezinoxanduva lokukhupha izibonelelo
Omnye umba obalulekileyo apho ukukhupha imali yesibonelelo irenti kwaye ngawaphi na amagunya banoxanduva kuyo. Ngelishwa, akukho umzimba owodwa elisombulula nezi ngxaki zichazwe ngentla apha kummandla zonke izifundo ze-Federation. In elikomkhulu kunye nezinye iidolophu ezinkulu isenokuba embindini sesibonelelo sezindlu, nto leyo ngokufuthi ebizwa ngokuba yi-amaziko ezijongene nemiba ngemiba ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente. Kodwa kwezinye izixeko kunye imimandla inkqubo zamaqumrhu zokhuseleko loluntu. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukuba abuze ngayo kuloo ndawo ahlala kuyo akuyi kuba nzima. I ezintsha olutsha ithuba eMoscow nakwezinye izixeko ukuba akhuphe isibonelelo seenkonzo eluncedo ngokusebenzisa iinkonzo zoluntu nge e-mail. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba amagosa kumgca kwabo bafumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze yokuphumeza inkqubo, ke olona xanduva lokunikezela amaxwebhu ingafuneki.
Ukuqwalaselwa ngokuxhasa
Umthetho umisela ithuba kokuqwalasela isicelo senkxaso-mali ukwenzela intlawulo yezindlu. Umhla wokungeniswa kwawo onke amaxwebhu ngeli thuba aliyi kuba ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezilishumi, inani ingabandakanyi ngeempela-veki nangeeholide. Ukuba, ke, wafumana ukungabikho naziphi izibambiso, amagunya karhulumente unelungelo lokunqumamisa ingqalelo kwesicelo. Isicelo kwiintsuku ezintathu kufuneka azise. Kokugcwaliswa of kokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo ongeke uhlale ngaphezu kwenyanga. Ukuba amaxwebhu izibonelelo zangeniswa kwisiqingatha ngolokuqala enyangeni leyo, ukuba kuye sicelo uya kufumana uncedo imali. Kwimeko ubhaliso mali kwisiqingatha sesibini sale emtshatweni eziya kuqala ukusebenza ukususela kwinyanga ezayo.
Ukuphunyezwa esebenzayo mali
Ngoko ke, isikakhulu kuqondwa umba-mali ukuze eziluncedo. Kuhleli ukucacisa oko uncedo ubonakala ngokwenene. Ezinye balinde ekunciphiseni izixa zentlawulo kweerisithi zhekovskih. Kodwa ke noncediso - oku iingenelo. Abemi uya kuhlawula iindleko ezipheleleyo eluncedo ngenyanga, kunye umahluko kuphela ukuba urhulumente zonke iintsuku ezimashumi mathathu, siya kufudumeza-akhawunti yakho yebhanki isixa esiqingqiweyo se-mali yemali ukunceda kuyihlawula. Ngenxa yoko, nathi kufuneka ungalibali ukufumana-akhawunti yakho. Ukuba ithuba ezilolo hlobo - ngenxa yezizathu injongo - hayi, izithuthi ukunikezelwa mazenziwe ngeposi okanye iinkonzo imali igunya.