Inshorensi Pension - ntoni na? inshorensi iLabour pension. Ukubonelelwa pension ku Russia

Ngokutsho komthetho, ngo-2015, wenza ukuguqukela inshorensi inxalenye ulondolozo lwepenshini uluvo olunye - i-inshorensi pension. Ekubeni kukho iintlobo ezininzi ipension, asinguye wonk 'umntu uyayiqonda into obuyiyo nento yenziwe. Into yokuba i-inshorensi umhlalaphantsi enjalo, eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

ukuba nombono

inshorensi Pension - ntoni na? umbuzo ofanayo sivuswe yi abemi, senze igama elinjalo. Ukususela igama ngokwayo kucacile ukuba yomhlalaphantsi luqokelelane kumgaqo-inshorensi. Oko kukuthi, ngexesha lonke xa umqeshi utsala umsebenzi ngegalelo lakhe mandatory inshorensi ukuya kwi Pension Fund ka-Russia, i-inshorensi pension umsebenzi kwakhiwa. ubukhulu yayo ixhomekeke kwimivuzo. Ngokutsho kokuvela isiganeko benefits, oko kukuthi i-yobudala yomhlala-phantsi kunye nokunqongophala kwamathuba ukusebenza, lo ummi uqala ukufumana imali nyanga zonke evela kurhulumente.

Kutheni kuyimfuneko

Ukususela kokubuya pension yabasebenzi iza kusebenza uhlobo olutsha yokuhlawula, ufanele uqonde ukuba yintoni bafuna umahluko phakathi kwabo noko. Musa ukuphaphazela nokwenza izigqibo ukungxama njengoko babeqhele abemi bethu, wayejamelene into engaziwayo kunye ezintsha. Enyanisweni, yonke into ilula kakhulu, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo, kufuneka icace: oluphezulu intlawulo yenyanga umntu, ayanda notsalo-inshorensi yaye ngaloo ndlela enkulu mali yomhlalaphantsi. Ukuba ngaphambili ngummi kuphela isixa esithile lweentlawulo zomhlalaphantsi afike, kodwa ngoku unalo ilungelo lokumisela ubungakanani ipension yakho kwixesha elizayo. Ngaloo ndlela, sinokugqiba ukuba okukhona umqeshwa uya uhola ephakamileyo iza kuba iintlawulo zawo inshorensi pension, nto leyo eya kuba nako ukufumana imali yengeniso yakhe kwixesha elizayo.

Kanjani na

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, i-inshorensi pension ukhandwa iintlawulo inshorensi okunyanzelekileyo ngabaqeshi kubasebenzi babo. Igalelo Imali iyonke yi-22% ngo-inshorensi pension ezinyanzelekileyo. Le pesenti zahlulwe rate solidary leyo ilingana no-6%, kwaye amazinga ngamnye elingana-16%. Ubumbano lwamaxabiso yenzelwe ngemali iintlawulo ezisisigxina. A Ukhetho ummi zinika lunee ezimbini ulungiselelo pension. Kuxhomekeka isigqibo sabo ngabanye, yena uyakwazi ukukhetha yeyiphi inxalenye yenzala uzakuya ekumisweni yomhlalaphantsi. Umzekelo, lwamaxabiso ngamnye yi-16% yabo iminikelo, uyakwazi ngokupheleleyo ukuya nokwanda kwe-inshorensi yinxalenye iminikelo yomhlalaphantsi. Kungenjalo, kwenye ngobuwena, 6% siye uxhaso pension kunye-10% - ifomu inshorensi. Ngoko ke, kucacile ukuba utshintsho ziye zaziswa kuwiso-mthetho inshorensi pension, kwaye kwasekwa ngayo.

inshorensi iLabour yomhlalaphantsi

Olu hlobo lwe pension banomdla phantse bonke abantu yokusebenza eli lizwe. Ukuba sisiseko ukubala oyongele umhlala-phantsi, kunye nobungakanani bubonke yengeniso ekugqibeleni. Oku kuyilwa kwe iinxalenye ezimbini - ukuba ixhaswa yaye inshorensi pension. Yintoni na le ngcamango kuya kuxoxwa kancinane emva koko. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ngokuzimeleyo ukubala imali ye pension kuyingxaki kakhulu, ukulungiselela le njongo, izinto ezininzi kunye neefomula. Zonke ngakumbi kangaka ukufika iminyaka yomhlalaphantsi ommi zinokutshintsha kakhulu.

Ngenxa yoko, isigama labour-inshorensi pension kuthetha ukuba kukho umntu inshorensi iminyaka ubuncinane emithandathu, apho urhulumente uqinisekisa iintlawulo zakhe yenyanga kwisiganeko inshorensi. Kulo mzekelo, uya kwafika ixesha lokudla umhlala-phantsi.

Indlela ukubala ubungakanani inshorensi yabasebenzi yomhlalaphantsi

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukubala ubungakanani pension, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa neefomula ezizodwa okuza. Kuba ngenxa ubalo uthatha umhlala ezimbini - inshorensi nesixhaswa ngemali. inshorensi Pension - yintoni na yaye ukubala njani, ndixelelwe ngasentla, yaye nantsi ukufumana njani ubukhulu zokwanda, ziza kuchazwa ngoku. inxalenye exhaswayo ye pension senziwa ngokwesicelo ummi, oko kukuthi, unelungelo lokukhetha enye kuphela uhlobo yomhlalaphantsi. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ibe yomhlala yegalelo inokuba ngokokubona kwayo. ubukhulu ingqamana-6% iminikelo yenyanga enyanzelekileyo.

Ukuze ufumanise ubungakanani iminikelo inshorensi yabasebenzi pension, kufuneka zongezwe inshorensi inxenye nesixhaswa ngemali. Ukubala inxalenye inshorensi, kufuneka usebenzise le fomyula ilandelayo: MF = PC / T + B. Apha midrange - ukuba nje inxalenye-inshorensi; PC - isixa-mali eyinkunzi kugqiba ubungakanani ngexesha elingekapheli umrhumo ubudala; T - ixesha apho intlawulo kulindeleke ukuba ubudala; B - icandelo esisiseko yabasebenzi pension, oko fixed kunye nobukhulu bayo zingafumaneka kumphathi mali yomhlalaphantsi wakho.

Umthetho kwi-inshorensi pension uthi ubukhulu bayo kuxhomekeke indexation yonyaka kuxhomekeke ekukhuleni kwamaxabiso abathengi. Ngoko ke, ukubala ubungakanani pension yomhlala kuxhomekeka utshintsho yeemeko ezininzi ezichaphazela inqanaba lobomi kunye namaxabiso ibhaskithi yokutya.

Ngubani na ongalubalayo engezibonelelo pension

Insurance endala-umhlalaphantsi ihlawulwe abemi abaye bafikelela yobudala yomhlala-phantsi. Kuba namankazana owawuyiyo kwiminyaka 55 amadoda - 60. Ukususela 2015 ukuya kufumana inshorensi yobudala yomhlala-phantsi, kufuneka ube iminikelo iminyaka ubuncinane emithandathu.

Abantu emalini sentlawulo ngenyanga kwi Pension Fund ukuze ufaneleke ukuba iintlawulo pension ukuze kufikelelwe ubudala efunekayo, ukuba ixabiso ngamnye lomlingani pension ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-30.

Indlela ukuba unakekele pension yabo

Inkqubo inkamnkam, kakuhle sidlulile leSoviet kwimeko yezoqoqosho mihla, uye wabonisa lokungaphili yayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kukho utshintsho, apho watshintsha indlela jikelele kwaye ujonge nemirhumo yogunyaziso yenyanga yabemi. Namhlanje, umntu ngamnye ngokuzimeleyo ukuthatha unonophelo ye pension yabo elizayo. Ngobuciko ngokwaneleyo ukuya ngalo mba, ngoko ke anithanga nindazise ujongo bamangaliswa, bathi: "? Pension Insurance - Yintoni". Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iintlawulo zenyanga zingachaphazela ubungakanani ingeniso elizayo, xa ayiyi kuba nako ukusebenza. Ngoko ke, akukho mfuneko ukuzimela umvuzo wabo, kungekhona kuba ingeniso ubuncinane kwixesha elizayo. Ungakhetha ukwenza iintlawulo inxalenye ezixhaswa kwaye ngale ndlela ukunyusa ubungakanani umholo elizayo.

Yintoni na umhlalaphantsi lingekafiki ixesha

Abanye abemi bazuze iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi phambi kwexesha elibekiweyo efunekayo, okt amadoda - phambi kokuba abulawe imashumi mathandathu, nabafazi - up to mahlanu anesihlanu, ngokulandelelana kwazo. Imfanelo yokufumana umhlala-phantsi okuqala abantu abasebenzayo, umzekelo, kwiimeko ezinzima. Kuxhomekeka omkhulu kwizintlu ezintathu zingahlukaniswa endaweni enye. Yeyiphi kwezi zinto zikhathazayo umntu, kuyimfuneko ukuba ucacise kwi Pension Fund ka-Russia.

umhlalaphantsi lingekafiki has a lot kujonge kuyilo, ngoko ke ummi ukusebenza kwiimeko nzima, ukuqokelela onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko engqina ubude wenkonzo. Ngaba akufuneki ukuba ibandakanye kuluhlu lwamaxwebhu reference evela emsebenzini, njengoko incwadi yomsebenzi akwanelanga.

Icebo kwenkqubo pension i eRashiya

Okwangoku, i-Russian Federation Pension Fund inoxanduva ntlobo zilandelayo ipension, apho unalo igunya lokubumba, kuqesha uhlawule inxalenye abakhubazekileyo labantu;

• yomhlalaphantsi karhulumente;
• zabasebenzi;
• engekho phantsi korhulumente.

Kuxhomekeka iminqweno wonke ummi unelungelo lokubumba umhlala-phantsi kwi yakho. Oku kusebenza labemi ukusebenza, amava okusebenza apho akakafiki kwinqanaba elithile. Umzekelo, ungenza angatsala ipesenti yengeniso yabo mali yomhlalaphantsi likarhulumente, yaye kwi non-karhulumente (NPF). Ukuba ngaba umtyali-mali sele enze ukhetho esixhasa mali yomhlalaphantsi yabucala, uxanduva kubonakala ukusuka wokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano macala mabini. Le ummi unyanzelekile ukuba ahlawule ipesenti ngenyanga somvuzo wabo ngxowa-mali yaye uthembisa ukuba ahlawule kuye iintlawulo ngenyanga ukususela kumhla yokukhubazeka.

Insurance endala-iminyaka yomhlalaphantsi kwakhona kuhlawulwa, kwaye ngenxa mali yomhlalaphantsi non-karhulumente. Ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2015, kunye nokuqaliswa iinguqu ezininzi ezinxulumene abangengobemi zokusebenza yakuhlawula, kwakukho enjalo; ukuba amava lonxibelelwano ummi esekwe ngaphantsi yaye accumulated amanqaku alonelanga, ukuba amkele intlawulo kuphela emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Ngoko ke, ixesha-inshorensi ipension ixhomekeke kakhulu kwimpilo-ntle kumntu ngamnye abahlala kummandla Russian Federation.

anika umdla

Kutshanje, ezizezi ukuqaliswa kuphuculo pension ngo-2015, urhulumente kucingelwa uxanduva enye kuphela uhlobo lwentlawulo mandatory - inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi. Ngoko ke, umntu oye wagqiba ukwenza iintlawulo ngakwicala kwinkqubo ulwandiso, kuthatha ngokupheleleyo imbopheleleko enjalo ngokwakho. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ubukhulu yepension kuxhomekeka wonke ummi. Urhulumente unako ukuhlawula kuphela inzuzo ezingundoqo kwaye kuphela kwiimeko ezithile.

Abantu ababambe izikhundla kwicandelo lezolimo, urhulumente wenze ukongezwa ezincinane amanqaku pension. Umzekelo, ukuba abasebenzi abanamava kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama emashumi abahlala ngokusisigxina kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, ukuba ukunyuka pension yabo.

Oomama nabantwana abaninzi ukufumana amanqaku eyongezelelweyo ukubala iintlawulo karhulumente esisinyanzelo.