Iogann Shtraus: ibhayografi emfutshane kunye nobuchule

Iogann Shtraus, ogama engobomi i umdla wokwenene fans umculo weklasiki - umqambi odumileyo Austria, violin, umbexeshi, inkosi likhulu operetta Viennese kunye waltz Viennese. Xa akhawunti yakhe malunga namakhulu amahlanu imisebenzi uhlobo lomculo umdaniso (mazurkas, polkas, waltzes, njalo-njalo), apho umbhali yakwazi ukuba anyukele kwinqanaba eliphezulu zobugcisa. Ngemisebenzi yabo Iogann Shtraus yayisekelwe kwizithethe uyise wakhe, F. Schubert, J. Lanner, K. M. Vebera. Ngenxa symphonization Umqambi wabanika imifanekiso waltz ngamnye, popularity ogama kwakhokelela ubuhle emnandi kunye bhetyebhetye, iphefumlelwe romantic, sithembele umzi lwemveli Austria nokuqhele ukwenziwa zasekhaya umculo-kwezigqibo.

Family Ioganna Shtrausa Jr.

Strauss Sr., uyise uJohann kaThixo, ngaxa lithile wazama umsebenzi ngaphezu kwesinye, ukuba uzive umculo. A violin abanetalente, walungelelanisa okhestra yakhe, Austrians Yomelelani umdaniso nomculo osisityebi, yena eganiweyo ngencwadi ebhaliweyo, omninzi bhasi kunye neqela lakhe zomculo waza wawongwa isihloko "Kumkani waltz". Yena ihlombe Brussels, London, eParis kunye Berlin; waltzes bakhe kunempembelelo omlingo kwi abaphulaphuli.

Musicality lentsapho Strauss

Phantse elishumi usapho umqambi ukuba kwenye indawo, ukusuka kwigumbi omnye komnye, kunye neendonga ngamnye kubo lakubona ukuzalwa komntwana entsha. Unyana omdala Ioganna Shtrausa, uJohann, kakhulu, wazalelwa eVienna ngo-Oktobha 25, 1825. Bonke entsatsheni wayenoonyana abasixhenxe - bonke bephela kamva baba iimvumi. Oku kusengqiqweni, kuba emoyeni mhle le Strauss umculo ibisoloko langoku. buzo orchestra kaninzi zenzeka kwindawo egodukayo awamnika abantwana ithuba ukubona indlela lokwenene bazalwa yobuciko zomculo. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo malunga abanye babo qinisekisa ukuba uYosefu waba umbhexeshi iokhestra kwi Strauss ukususela ngo-1853 kunye nombhali amaqhekeza ezithandwayo okhestra, Edward - a violin, umbexeshi kunye nombhali imisebenzi zomdaniso, yaye ngowe-1870 - ekuziseni kwisikhundla sokuba umbhexeshi uJohann wenkundla balls Viennese.

iminyaka Early Ioganna Shtrausa

Unyana omdala wayecula kwikwayara yecawa, kwaye utata wabona umfanekiso oqingqiweyo, leyo kungekudala ufuna ukuyeka. Xa ndandineminyaka emithandathu inkwenkwe sele yayidlala ezaqanjwa wakhe musa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ngabazali, kuba akukho namnye kubo zange afune abantwana bakhe umculo elizayo. UJohann Jr. wafunda kwi-School Polytechnic emfihlekweni kuyise kakuhle isixhobo somculo. Umqambi wakhe wokuqala imali elizayo Strauss, ogama engobomi has a lot of amahla ndinyuka kuphindwa, baqala ukwenza ukufunda ukudlala ipiyano, ngoko bahlawule ukuze izifundo violin. imizamo yabazali ukutsala ulutsha zebhanki yatsho phantsi.

Strauss: abaphezulu kunye junior

Strauss Sr., elingumthombo, saqala umkhaya elitsha apho kwakusekho abantwana abasixhenxe. Fact care of uyise uJohann ukuba ukuvuleka e ulangazelelo lwakhe, ngoko waqala ukuthatha izifundo, walufaka kungekho ngaphezulu. Ngowe-1844, uJohann wanikwa ilungelo ukuqhuba umantyi Viennese kunye neminyaka eli-19 ubudala sele udale eyakhe Concert lomculo wakhe esenza imisebenzi yakhe. Kwinkqubo yokuqala, eye ibe qwenge iliso kuluntu Viennese, Strauss Jr., ogama womfundisi kusekelwe kuphela zomculo Olympus, wangqina ukuba umculo wakhe ungakhuphisana umculo kayise, ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Nyana isenzo yakhokelela Strauss uSister enomsindo, yaye kukho inani elikhulu unxibelelwano kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze ubomi bube nzima umntwana wabo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukuvela phakathi kwabantu nakozalelwe kulo yokulwa enogonyamelo. Ubaba wadlala kwimisitho zentlalo kwinkundla, unyana wakhe wamshiya ukuphumeza italente zabo cafes kunye yaku (ezabelwe ezimbini ezincinane eVienna). Ngelo xesha Strauss uSister waqalisa inkqubo umtshato nomfazi wakhe wokuqala, nto leyo ngumchamo owamazibulo nokuhlaselwa kwakhe uyise. Umphumo waba ulingo Strauss uSister inzuzo kwiinkqubo mtshato: intsapho yakhe, akashiyanga nalifa kunye yokuziphilisa. Kwi ikonsathi eqongeni, uJohann Omkhulu kwakhona triumfoval, ngelixa orchestra, unyana wakhe, amrholela ngaphandle waphila ndini. Ingakumbi John Jr ngokusondeleyo unomdla emapoliseni, ukuba inkcazelo ngaye njengento nekukudlala ngemali, njengemfeketho kakubi nomntu.

Strauss Biography: isishwankathelo

Singalindelanga bonke ngo-1849, uyise wafa, ngaphezu Strauss Jr. wavula indlela eya ihlabathi lomculo Vienna, ngaphandle iokhestra odumileyo umqambi baziincamisa ngaphandle amagama yena abe umqhubi zabo, iikhontrakthi zabo kunye naye kuqaliswe phantse kuzo zonke iindawo zokonwabisa yesixeko. umsebenzi umqambi waqalisa aphakame kakhulu phezulu; entendelezweni mlawuli abaselula 1852, iye wadlala Strauss. Biography ngokufutshane ayichazwa kwiincwadi ezininzi umculo.

Ngowe-1854 umqambi ne ngesindululo ishishini, kuthetha ukuba kuhlawulwe isixa esikhulu semali, kwakukho abameli nkampani kaloliwe Russian, wamcela ukuba ukudlala kwisikhululo Pavlovsk obutofotofo kunye ipaki, leyo kwaku izigodlo. Iogann Shtraus, imbali emfutshane leyo ayichazwa kwiincwadi ezininzi ngembali umculo, kanye wavuma, waza waphumelela ababukeli basekuhlaleni kunye polkas zabo waltzes. ngomdlalo wakhe baye batyelela usapho Imperial.

ubomi Personal umqambi

Iogann Shtraus, ubomi bakhe engobomi yonke into edibene umculo, wasinda ukuthandana ezininzi eRashiya, kodwa ulonwabo lwabo lomtshato ezifumaneka eVienna. Ngowe-1862 watshata noHenrietta Treffz Etti, umfazi omdala kuye iminyaka 7, ukususela kwi "uKumkani waltz" ngelo xesha, oonyana amane neentombi ezintathu. Eli bhinqa kuphela umfazi wakhe. Etti (owayesakuba opera noHenrietta Hallupetski) wayengumbhali, umongikazi, umcebisi ishishini umqambi kunye Ndithelekelele ngexesha elinye; Strauss xa enyukela esiphakame, nikholwe kuzo ngokwabo. Ngo-1863, inkosikazi nomyeni wakhe batyelela eRashiya, ngoxa e Vienna navuna ethandwa umzalwana uYosefu, owaba kakuhle umqambi banale. Ngowe-1870, uyafa, nokakayi uzuko lwakhe, njengokuba utata phezu Iogann Shtraus.

Biography ngokufutshane Udumo ixesha

Loo zebhola umqambi. Ngeli xesha, Iogann Shtraus, engobomi kunye nobuchule ngokusondeleyo ngalo, idala edumileyo umsebenzi "Daba nga Vienna Woods" yakhe "I Blue iDanube", wavakalisa umphefumlo wabo zomculo eVienna kunye imiculo ephothiweyo evela kwimithombo ebanzi abantu abahlala kuwo. Operetta Umqambi yaqala ukubhala-imi- 70 kwinkulungwane XIX phantsi kwempembelelo Jacques Offenbach. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo operetta French kunye eqaqambileyo okroqiweyo idrama, isiqalelo ngomdaniso bulawulwe ngemisebenzi Strauss. I operetta lokuqala "Indigo kunye Amasela emashumi mane" kwathathwa yi abaphulaphuli Austrian ninonke. iincopho Strauss bobuchule kule uhlobo - "The angamaGypsy Baron", "Die Fledermaus". umculo Strauss kukaThixo kakhulu P. I. Chaykovsky, Brahms, NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Impumelelo ehlabathini umbhali komsebenzi esidityanisiweyo kwi UK, France kunye United States; Umqambi wagidima amabini amawaka enye anamanci okhestra kunye nenkxaso ngumbhexeshi abancedisayo. Nangona ukwamkelwa jikelele, Iogann Shtraus (biography kunye umsebenzi ngokufutshane ayichazwa kwiincwadi ezininzi kumculo) kwakusoloko kukho amathandabuzo kunye ndinganelisekanga kunye naye, nangona isantya yakhe zomsebenzi ngokuba febrile, axakeke kakhulu.

ingqalelo emhlabeni

Bashiye inkundla uqhuba uJohann Strauss, imbali emfutshane echaza iingongoma eziphambili umsebenzi wakhe, waza waqhubeka lokukhenketha amazwe ahlukeneyo, kwenziwa ngempumelelo eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, London, Paris, New York, eBoston. Ubungakanani wesabelo yayo negalelo ekwakhiweni eyabo "komkhulu isixeko" balo ubomi obutofotofo. Ioganna Shtrausa Ngelo xesha elithile isingqisho yobomi wankqonkqoza ukufa nomfazi wesifuba sayo kunye Umtshato yesibini actress Anzhelikoy Ditrih, ngubani umqambi engomncinane iminyaka engama-25. Umtshato okwesihlandlo sesithathu - on Adeli Doych, umhlolokazi oneminyaka engama-26 ubudala, naye umtshato waba umntu onwabe, wabuyela umqambi ngendlela eqhelekileyo yobomi. Umfazi wakhe sesithathu Iogann Shtraus, ogama engobomi i umdla wokwenene zesizukulwana sangoku, azinikele waltz "Adele".

Ngowe-1885, phezu olwandulela isikhumbuzo sama-60 umqambi, sibanjwe iphambili elikhulu le operetta "I angamaGypsy Baron", eyaba iholide ngokwenene abahlali eVienna, andule ukunyusa ngenxa nabanye abemi umhlaba. Strauss, elingumthombo, ngokusondeleyo ilandelwa yi iintsingiselo zomculo ehlabathini umculo, wafundela ezakudala, waqhubeka engumhlobo wakhe kunye maestros ezifana Ferents List kunye Iogann Brams.

Iogann Shtraus, ogama biography unomdla isizukulwana mfana, wagqiba ukuzama ngesandla sakhe opera; ngo-1892, lo iphambili "Knight Pasman" wabhala opera, kunye inguqulelo yokuqala ballet "Cinderella" ukuba engagqitywanga ekupheleni kuka-1898. Phambi umqambi yayo iphambili angazange.

Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi umqambi bakhe

impumelelo Strauss kaThixo akusoloko encotsheni waxhuzula-off: kwabakho ewa. Ngoko ke, lo operetta "Wiener Blut" yaphumelela ezifana nemisebenzi elidlulileyo, bayidiliza kuphela inani elincinane iziphakamiso. Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe Strauss, ogama biography 'umdla abaninzi abayithandayo bakhe, wachitha wazifihla, yena ezimela endlwini yakhe, yaye kumaxesha ngamaxesha edlala nabahlobo echibini. Kumsitho isikhumbuzo wama-25 operetta "Die Fledermaus" azixhokonxa umqambi ukuqhuba ibika. Oku kwaba imbonakalo yakhe yokugqibela, Iogann Shtraus ebandayo kunye nenyumoniya. Mhlawumbi umqambi yaba sokuba lokufa kwakhe, ngamaxesha ezingqondweni umfazi wakhe wamva ukucula ilizwi kunzima oluvakalayo: "Kumnandi, abahlobo bam, ukuba beze ukuphela." Le ngoma yabhalwa ngutitshala uJohann Yozefom Drekslerom. Strauss wafa ezandleni Adele Juni 3, 1899. Vienna wamnika, ezifana Strauss Omkhulu kanye, umngcwabo wamazwi. Kwelabafileyo umqambi phakathi emangcwabeni kwezinye buchopho zomculo: Brahms, Schubert uBeethoven.