Le lali: CSS-isakhiwo

Xa ubeko lwephepha amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukwenza embindini CSS-ndlela: umzekelo, ukuba nendawo unit main. Kukho izisombululo eziliqela kule ngxaki, iyileyo eya kungekudala kufuneka ukusebenzisa nayiphi coder.

Lungelelanisa umbhalo bamaziko

Amaxesha amaninzi ngeenjongo zokuhombisa ufuna ukucwangcisa okubhaliweyo wedwa, CSS kulo mzekelo, ukunciphisa ixesha nokubekwa. Ngaphambili oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa HTML-iimpawu, kodwa ngoku ngomgangatho ofunekayo ukulungelelanisa okubhaliweyo nge ishithi lesimbo le. Mu kuya kwa nshita block apho ufuna ukutshintsha kwezikhuseli lwangaphandle CSS ulungelelwaniso lwesicatshulwa embindini wenziwa ngomgca owodwa:

• umbhalo-lungelelanisa: iziko;

Le propati ilifa udlule umzali kubo bonke abantwana. Oku kuchaphazela kuphela okubhaliweyo kodwa nakwezinye izinto. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kufuneka asezantsi (umzekelo, ixesha) okanye umqolo-block (nayiphi iibloko chaza impahla uboniso: block). Le ndlela yokugqibela kwakhona likuvumela ukuba utshintshe nobubanzi ukuphakama element, ngakumbi uqwalaselo bhetyebhetye ye ubeko ngokuhambelana.

amaphepha badla lungelelanisa attribute kuye tag. Oku ngoko nangoko yenza ikhowudi ongasebenziyo, ekubeni W3C wavuma phawu lungelelanisa ziphelelwe lixesha. Ukusebenzisa kwi kwiphepha ayikhuthazwa.

block nendawo

Ukuba ufuna ukucwangcisa songqamaniso div embindini, CSS inganikeza kakhulu ngendlela lelokuphumza; ukusetyenziswa kwezikhuseli imajini lwangaphandle. Nezikhuseli lingakhankanywa njengoba izibonelelo block, kunye nomgca-block. Ixabiso Svoysva kufuneka 0 (nezikhuseli nkqo), kunye auto (isibotho ezenzekelayo tye):

• imajini: 0 auto;

Ngoku olu khetho iqatshelwa esebenzayo ngokupheleleyo. Ukusebenzisa padding lwangaphandle likuvumela ukuba ukucwangcisa songqamaniso ziko: impahla CSS-umda ivumela ukuba ukusombulula iingxaki ezininzi ezinxulumene kunye isiqalelo endaweni kwiphepha.

Ulungelelwaniso weli cala ekhohlo okanye ekunene kwi ibloko

Ngamanye amaxesha CSS-ndlela ayifuni ulungelelwaniso lweziko, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukubeka izitena emibini, omnye ukusuka ngasekhohlo kunye nezinye - ukusuka ekunene. Kuba oku kukho impahla edadayo, apho ungakwazi ukuthatha enye amaxabiso amathathu: ekhohlo, ekunene okanye namnye. Masithi kufuneka iibhloko ezimbini ekufuneka abekwe ngapha nangapha. Ngoko ke khowudi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• .Ekhohlo {edadayo: ekhohlo;}
• akachithi {edadayo: ekunene}

Ukuba kukho block wesithathu, ekufuneka zibekwe phantsi iibhloko ezimbini zokuqala (umz, ephepheni), ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba babhalise phawu ecacileyo:

• .Ekhohlo {edadayo: ekhohlo;}
• akachithi {edadayo: ekunene}
• footer {ecacileyo: bobabini}

Inyaniso ukuba iibhloko kunye iindidi ekhohlo nasekunene ukuwa ngaphandle flow ewonke, oko kukuthi, zonke ezinye izinto izakulahlwa kwankqu ubukho izinto ezihambelana. Property ecacileyo: bobabini ivumela ibhloko ephepheni okanye nayiphi na enye ezibonakalayo sivete ukusuka iiseli nokuphuma vala urhangqo (edadayo) kuzo zombini asekhohlo nasekunene. Ngoko ke, kumzekelo wethu, yefooter ehlela ngezantsi.

ulungelelwaniso ngokumi nkqo

Kukho iimeko apho ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukucwangcisa songqamaniso embindini CSS-iindlela, kufuneka kwakhona ukutshintsha indawo nkqo ye block umntwana. Nayiphi umgca okanye umqolo-block element nga icinezelwe nyiswe oluphezulu okanye olusezansti, ibekwe embindini element ngumzali okanye ube i indawo. Amaninzi ifuna ulungelelwaniso embindini block, isebenzisa nkqo-lungelelanisa ngemfanelo. Masithi kukho iibhloko ezimbini, enye ifakwe ngaphakathi enye. Kule yunithi esendlini - mqolo-block element (umboniso: elayinini-block). Kuyimfuneko ukuba kukulungelelanisa umntwana block nkqo:

• ulungelelwaniso umda eliphezulu - igranti {nkqo-lungelelanisa: phezulu};
• kugxile - igranti {nkqo-lungelelanisa: eliphakathi};
• ulungelelwaniso wencamu - igranti {nkqo-lungelelanisa: ezantsi};

Kwimiba block audio text-lungelelanisa, okanye nkqo-lungelelanisa awusebenzi.

iingxaki ezinokuba ngeeyunithi eflegiweyo

Ngamanye amaxesha div lungelelanisa embindini CSS-ndlela kunokubangela akunangxaki. Umzekelo, xa usebenzisa esijingayo: umzekelo, kukho iibhloko ezintathu: okokuqala, .Okwesibini kunye kama. Iibhloko sesibini nesesithathu kulala kuqala. Into nge kwiklasi elungelelaniswe ngasekhohlo yesibini, kwaye ibloko lokugqibela - ngasekunene. Emva wokulungelelanisa ezimbini lehla ukususela kumsinga. Ukuba element umzali abakacaci ukuphakama (umzekelo, 30em), kuya kupheza ukuba olule ukuphakama kweeyunithi ancedisayo. Ukuze uphephe oku isiphoso, sebenzisa "spacer" - iyunithi eyodwa, leyo ebona .Okwesibini kunye kama. CSS-ikhowudi:

• esenza ngayo {iflowuthi: ekhohlo}
• Okwesithathu {edadayo: ekunene}
• .clearfix {ukuphakama: 0; ecacileyo: zombini;}

Usinga wayedla: emva, nto leyo evumela ukuba abuyele izitena zibe kwindawo ngokudala psevdorasporki (kulo mzekelo kwi div neklasi ilele ngaphakathi isikhongozeli kwaye iqulathe abake .U kunye akachithi):

• .Ekhohlo {edadayo: ekhohlo}
• akachithi {edadayo: ekunene}
• .container: emva {Umxholo: ''; bonisa: itheyibhile; ecacileyo: zombini;}

Iinketho ngentla - eyona eqhelekileyo, nangona kukho ezinye iinguqulelo. Ungasoloko ufumana eyona ndlela ilula kakhulu lula ukuyila psevdorasporki ngokukwenza.

Enye ingxaki njalo Ubeko wadibana - ulungelelwaniso lweziqalelo kumgca-block. Emva ngamnye kubo sithuba lifakiwe ngokuzenzekelayo. Handle inceda ipropati eludinini, echazwe yi ubeko ngokuhambelana ezimbi. Kukho ezinye iindlela, ezisetyenziswa ngaphantsi rhoqo, umzekelo, kwakhona ubungakanani bomgca. Kulo mzekelo, iimpawu element umzali Iirejista zomgca-size: 0. Ukuba ibekwe ngaphakathi iibloko itekisi, iimpawu izinto kumgca-block ziye zibuyiselwe ubungakanani bomgca ezinqwenelekayo. Umzekelo, ifonti-ubukhulu: 1em. Indlela akusoloko elula, ngoko ke kakhulu ngokuqhelekileyo ngakumbi kusetyenziswa uguqulelo elinephepha bangaphandle.

Kuqiniswe Blocks likuvumela ukuba ukudala amaphepha ezintle nabasebenzayo: ubeko ngokubanzi kunye noyilo, yaye indawo kwempahla ezivenkileni, kunye iifoto kwindawo a encinane.