Nokuqiniswa leri: ukubala cebo

Njengoko omnye manqanaba ibalulekileyo izinyuko zokwakha limi unyanzeliso. Le nkqubo ukunika amandla uyilo ubuninzi ngenxa sinjalo eziphathekayo.

Imigaqo nokuqiniswa kuyiwa eziphathekayo

zokwakha monolithic kuyiwa ukusebenza ivavanywa kwiimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo ntshikilelo. Loo sakhiwo kusoloko ngakumbi, yaye phantsi kwempembelelo ubunzima bayo ubunzima abantu abasebenzisa ngayo. Oku kubangela yade le material zomaleko aphantsi kunye biso eliphezulu.

deformation ezinjalo nge kwexesha ikhokelela entshabalalweni. Ukwenzela ukuphepha imiphumo ezinjalo, esebenzisa izakhiwo unyanzeliso. Lo msebenzi kufuneka wenziwe ngokwezigaba ezintathu, ezizezi:

• Ukufakelwa ifomu;
• Ukufakelwa nokuqiniswa yokuhlala;
• thela udaka eziphathekayo.

Ukulungiswa kwezinto nezixhobo

Eyona nto inzima linqanam lokuqala. Yenza formwork kufuna ukunyanyekelwa phezu inxalenye inkosi. Nokuqiniswa izinyuko monolithic - yinkqubo engelula, abangayi kuba nako ukufikelela ngqongqo yobugcisa ngaphandle kwayo. Kuba Ukomeleza iseti eqhelekileyo zokwakha nezixhobo. Ukwenza ukuphululwa eziyimfuneko ukulungiselela:

• omfisha plastic;
• icandelo elifanelekileyo valve;
• abalwazi ezibomvu;
• abagawula wire;
• yokubopha wire;
• -4 mm umnatha.

Le yokugqibela kuya kufuneka ukuba ubuciko izigaba. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kuyimfuneko ukuba alungiselele isicwangciso unyanzeliso kuya kufuneka i-screwdriver yombane, umatshini welding. Kubalulekile ukujonga umgama phakathi iimpawu wezifundo, ngokuba imivalo yesinyithi kufuneka zibekwe kwi ukuyila.

Ukufakelwa formwork

leri nokuqiniswa ibandakanya ukufakela formwork, kusetyenziswa le bhodi okanye ngamaplanga sheets. Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa iphepha 5 mm. Kuba exhasa iibhloko zomthi zamafu ulingane. Formwork kufuneka zikhuselwe polyethylene ukufuma okanye yophahla ngayo.

izinto ngamnye kufuneka abe eqiniselweendlwini, kunye ngezikhonkwane okanye izikrufu jikelele. Kulo mzekelo, emva kokuba ukwakhiwa kunokuba lula kakhulu ukwenza phandle. NeeBhari akumanyileyo ngomnye ngeendlela ezimbini, oko siyakubophelela ucingo okanye indawo welding. Yezandla amaninzi kusetyenziswa indlela manual ayikokubambana ngendlela. Noko ke, kufanelekile kuphela kwiimeko apho umthamo umsebenzi omncinane. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu izixhobo welding, oko kunciphisa yabasebenzi kunye nezinto iindleko.

Kuba matings kufuneka ukulungiselela iimveliso steel wire annealed ukuba ububanzi of 1 mm. Izakhono zabo zakwangaphambili-iziqwenga obude lingana 0.3 m, emva kokuba yaqokelelwa imiqadi. Oku kunokwenziwa emithonjeni okanye ezizibeni ngeplastiki.

Ukulungiswa yokuhlala nokuqinisa

components wire Tie ingaba yenye ubuchule ezininzi, eziquka:

• -Umqolo ezimbini;
• lembombo;
• Phillips;
• site imitha.

Ukwenzela ukuba kulungiselelwe esibophelelayo, ngenxa yokuba abasebenzi-ngamandla kakhulu, kufuneka zifakwe kwi hook screwdriver ukuba zingathengwa kwiivenkile zeentsimbi. Ukuba uchitha extra akufuni, unako ukwenza umsebenzi onjalo ngoncedo ga kulo. leri nokuqiniswa kufuneka abandakanye iintonga ezimbini esibophelelayo, bona ukudibanisa eli zinonxibelelwano, ubude apho kufuneka ubalwe imveliso kwecandelo kwezivalo 50. Ngoko ke izinto ezihambelanayo kwiindawo ezintathu steel wire le.

Ukukhetha Iprofayili uzimele ufakelo

Nokuqiniswa leri skeleton kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweentonga A-400 okanye A-500, eli candelo cross inokuba kulingana phakathi kwe-1 no-4 cm. Kutshanje, lo evroarmatura ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo ngokuqhelekileyo. Lubonakala bubukho iimbambo ezinqamlezayo kumacala omabini, imithwalo wasiphinda unako ukuphucula unyamezelo unyanzeliso.

Neprofayile ezahlukeneyo imiphetho ubungakanani minor kokubonisa kunye isicombululo, ngoko ke ungakhetha evroprutki Ikwadrilatherali omandla 500 MPA. Xa deformations iintonga babe adhesion eliphezulu ukuya umxube eziphathekayo.

Icebo unyanzeliso

Nokuqiniswa leri lwenziwe kwi ubugcisa kakhulu rhoqo xa umnatha nokuqinisa lifakwe ngezantsi nangaphezulu. Le isakhelo ilungisiwe ukususela izinto nalowo ubuhlobo okanye welding. Ukuba usebenzisa umboniso, yona kukuvumela ukuba ucwangcise izinto igridi ukuya kumgama othile.

Xa kufikwa leri izakhiwo monolithic, bona kaninzi babe ubukhulu elingekho ngaphezu kwe-20 cm. Kuba aba izikhonkwane kufuneka bachongwe ngendlela yokuba ukuphakama kwawo ayidluli-10 cm. Le gridi phezulu nasezantsi kufuneka ezihambelanayo izikhonkwane. Ufakelo senziwa kweentonga longitudinal, kunye nemfuneko wozibeka ngokomfuziselo azizikweri. Le nkqubo ibonelela ukuba kugunyaziso ngokutsha ngezinyuko monolithic kwakhona ukusetyenziswa lugs zeplastiki. Bona ibekwe phakathi formwork kunye wezifundo.

Ukusebenzisa izinto ezinjalo ubonelela iyunithi sikhokelo efanayo kwileli dwala. Ukusuka ezisezantsi ukuya kwikona engentla ubume isakhelo lusekiwe kumgama-3 cm. Ukuqinisa kufuneka luzakuqala ukusuka ezantsi, oku ngenxa yokuba imithwalo zezakhiwo wawusalathiswa ngasentla.

Ukhetho kohlelo unyanzeliso

Ukomeleza izinyuko eziphathekayo ziya kwenziwa kwizinti ukomeleza xa kufikwa ukuyila ifomu elula. Ezinye iinkosi yasekhaya ukulungiselela ebuhlanti kugunyaziso bayibeke olunyityilikisiweyo ngohlobo imijelo ziintsimbi, acwangcise phezu emacaleni. Maxa wambi kusetyenziswa ngakumbi imiqadi, kwakunye ezikoneni. Abanobubi akunjalo, kodwa iindleko ezinjalo kweziveliso eziphathekayo kunye namandla abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo into engenamsebenzi.

Nokuqiniswa kwi inxalenye ephantsi ngokwaneleyo imikhosi eqine wakuqonda. Ukuba kufuneka sisebenze ngezinyuko odnomarshevoy monolithic okuye akukho winders iqonga monolithic,-sikhokelo kuya kufuneka ukuba ibekwe kuphela ezantsi nembasa, apho imikhosi focus eqine. Ngamanye amaxesha phezulu leri yomelezwa kunye ubungakanani enemingxuma intsimbi 100 x 100 x 5 mm. Loo ndlela ayinyuki ngumkhinkqi, kodwa kananjalo yileyo kuphela amaqhuma yeqonga.

Loo imiphumo elula umlinganiswa kwi leri odnomarshevuyu ikuvumela ukubonelela isakhiwo sikhokelo okugunyaziswe yinkqubo lula. Umgama phakathi kugunyaziso ezinqamlezayo ngokuqhelekileyo-40 cm. Njengoko kufuneka zisetyenziswe imivalo mm-10. Nokuqiniswa elihamba inyathelo kubandakanya nokumisela ukuphakama kwipleyiti operation, ubukhulu be kugunyaziso longitudinal kwaye izithuba phakathi kweentonga. Khetha le ndlela kufuneka banikwe sicatshulwa simahla izinyuko.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ubude span 2 m, ukuphakama ubuncinane ilingana leri nembasa ka-10 cm, yaye umgama ubuninzi phakathi kweentonga ilingana-19 cm, kwaye ubukhulu kugunyaziso kufuneka-10 mm. Parameter lokugqibela luyanda ku-12 mm ukuba ukusebenza leri ipleyiti umphakamo ilingana-20 cm, yaye umgama ubuninzi phakathi kweentonga kulingana-15 cm. Kule ubude span leri yi-4 m.

izakhi nokuqiniswa Main

Wena ngokwakho kunokuphunyezwa leri unyanzeliso. Nodes, nto leyo eya kuthi ichazwe ngezantsi, kuyimfuneko kukuxhobisa kunye nemithetho kwengxelo. Umzekelo, pad monolithic kufuneka kuqiniswe kungekuphela nje ngezantsi kodwa ukusuka ngentla, ngoxa inxalenye ephezulu kufanelekile iyaqhubeka amanyathelo. Upper nokuqiniswa cage kufuneka zikhethwe ngokufanayo kugunyaziso asezantsi.

Site ababini zelanga iya eninzi umgudu, ngoko ke kufuneka ilungiswe eludongeni. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa enye nodes - linyanzelisa isithsaba eziphathekayo, nto leyo delves eludongeni, ubukhulu balo kufuneka ibe cm 20x20 ukuba ukulungisa amaqonga monolithic kufuneka iindonga iibloko zekonkrithi, ikhonkrithi okanye yezitena .. Kwimeko yokugqibela, izinto zeli tyala simahla nzulu, ngoxa ukwakhiwa iindonga ufakelo lwesamente zibe formwork wabeka trapezoid okanye alephuze amagwebu iimveliso zomthi, nto leyo nayo inamacandelo abangakumbi. Ukwandisa ngumkhinkqi noshowo leri pad monolithic kufuneka zibhalwe kwisakhelo asezantsi ukomeleza kunye armature eliphezulu.

yokubala nokuqiniswa

Ematyeni okunyuka, nokuqiniswa, ukubalwa apho unako ukwenza eyakho, unako kwakhiwa ngaphandle uncedo. Ukumisela inani imivalo unyanzeliso longitudinal inokuba kwindlela yokumisela ubude leri, ukuba kwahlulwa kwiibhokisi inyathelo. Ngaphezu koko, eli xabiso iyanda yi ubude kweentonga longitudinal. Ubuchwepheshe efanayo kwimeko cross-edityaniswe, ngoko ezi amaxabiso esongezwa kwaye iphinda phindiweyo ngo-2, ekubeni kweentonga isakhelo nokuqinisa ibandakanya ufakelo imiqolo emibini.