Renaissance ukupeyinta. Ubuchule abaculi Italian le Renaissance

Renaissance lithetha "ukuzalwa." Le ixesha ekhethekileyo kwimpucuko yaseYurophu. Ngexesha Renaissance, kukho utshintsho ezininzi kunye ezifunyaniswe. amazwekazi ezintsha zihlolwe, ekuphuhliseni urhwebo, wasungula izinto ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nephepha, ikhampasi zaselwandle, wompu, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Utshintsho kwi kumzobo nabo kubaluleke kakhulu. Renaissance ukupeyinta wazuza ithandwa kakhulu.

iindlela ezisisiseko baziinkosi imisebenzi

Ixesha le-Italian Renaissance wayengomnye echumayo kakhulu kwimbali zobugcisa. Ubuciko inani elikhulu yeenkosi ezinkulu inokufumaneka namhlanje kumaziko ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa. E Florence kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane weshumi elinesihlanu kwakukho zimvo. Imizobo kwabo Renaissance zaye laba sisiqalo sexesha elitsha kwimbali zobugcisa.

Ngeli xesha, inzululwazi kunye zobugcisa kudibene. Amagcisa, izazinzulu ziye wafuna ukuba bagqwese ihlabathi elibonakalayo. Ngabapeyinti baye bazama ngokunenzuzo ukumelwa echanileyo ngaphezulu emzimbeni womntu. Amagcisa amaninzi aspired ku ngokoqobo. Isimbo of the High Renaissance iqala umfanekiso uLeonardo da Vinci kaThixo "Sangokuhlwa Last," yena wabhala phantse iminyaka emine.

Enye imisebenzi edume

"I iSidlo" kubhaliweyo 1490 ukwenzela refectory le loonongendi ka Santa Maria delle Grazie eMilan. Le ngelaphu ke isidlo yokugqibela uYesu nabafundi bakhe phambi kokuba yathinjwa, bababulala. Ayephila, ebukele umsebenzi wegcisa kweli xesha, iphawulwe njengo ayengakwazi kusasa kwada draw ngokuhlwa, kungekhona bade beme ukuze badle. Kwaye ke bamphose umfanekiso wakhe iintsuku ezimbalwa yaye musa siwenza.

Le artist ukhathazeke kakhulu malunga umfanekiso kaKristu kunye umngcatshi uYudas. Xa wokugqibela umfanekiso lwagqitywa, oko unelungelo ithathwa njenge wobugcisa. "Isidlo sangokuhlwa sokugqibela" kwaye namhlanje yenye kakhulu zithandwa. Yakhiwe lwemizobo yi Renaissance amagcisa soloko kukho imfuneko yayo eninzi, kodwa le wobugcisa uphawulwe yi iikopi ezininzi.

Ithathwa njenge wobugcisa, okanye umfazi uncumo qembu

Phakathi imisebenzi eyenziwe yi Leonardo kwinkulungwane yeshumi, livela lo mfanekiso, ekuthiwa "Mona Lisa" okanye "Mona Lisa." Xa era mihla ingcono kakhulu kumzobo idumileyo ehlabathini. Kuye uthandwa, ikakhulu ngenxa uncumo ingaqondakaliyo phezu kobuso umfazi kubonisiwe kwi ngelaphu. Yintoni eyakhokelela ekubeni imfihlelo onjalo? Umsebenzi ngobuchule inkosi, isakhono ezimbombeni ukuze ayilwe ezichanileyo amehlo nomlomo? Uhlobo ngqo uncumo zingenakuqinisekiswa kude kube ngoku.

Out yokhuphiswano, kunye nezinye iinxalenye kulo mfanekiso. Worth ukunikela ingqalelo izandla emehlweni umfazi: i ngqo apho umzobi wathabatha kwiinkcukacha zincinane ngemizobo yakhe ekubhaleni. Akukho mhlaba umdla kangako yaye okukhulu umfanekiso ongemva ihlabathi apho ngokungathi yonke sikwimo ngobhobhozo.

Enye ummeli odumileyo yokudweba

Akukho kangako kakuhle eyaziwa ummeli Renaissance - re Botticelli. Le opeyintayo enkulu Italian. Imizobo yakhe le Renaissance kwaye kuthandwa elikhulu phakathi uluhlu olubanzi kubabukeli. "Nobusuku ye abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi", "The Virgin kunye Child phezu kwetrone", "Annunciation" - imisebenzi Botticelli, ezinikelwe imiba zonqulo ziye zaba impumelelo enkulu wegcisa.

Omnye umsebenzi inkosi ezaziwayo-kakuhle - "Madonna Wayesethi". Waye eyaduma iminyaka yobomi re, njengoko oko kungqinwa yakhiwe ezininzi. amalaphu ezinjalo eluhlobo kwisangqa baphatheka ezifunwayo Florence-ngenkulungwane elinesihlanu.

A twist entsha imisebenzi ngumzobi

Ukususela nge 1490 re iyatshintsha indlela yayo. Yena uba olukhuni kakhulu, ukuhlanganiswa imibala ngoku Phendla kakhulu ngakumbi, ngokufuthi kugcwele imibala emnyama. Indlela entsha umdali ukubhala imisebenzi yakhe kubonakala ngokugqibeleleyo "ngokubekwa kaMariya," "isijwili" kunye nezinye imizobo ebonisa Madonna and Child.

Ubuciko, eyabhalwa re Botticelli ngelo xesha, umzekelo, umzobo wabe, akanayo landscape kunye backdrops angaphakathi. Enye indalo ubuncinane ebonakalayo wegcisa - yi "eyimfihlakalo Kudala". Womzobo wayenempebelelo ingxokozelo kwenzeka ekupheleni kuka 1500 e-Italy. Uninzi mizobo ye zabazobi Renaissance akazange nje uthandwa, baye baba ngumzekelo kwizizukulwana elizayo amagcisa.

Le artist, ogama canvases singqongwe a halo uncoma

Rafael Santi da Urbino akazange kuphela artist Italian, kodwa wezakhiwo. Imizobo wakhe Renaissance iyayithanda indlela ecace ngayo ifomu yayo, elula ubume kunye nempumelelo olubonakalayo yale yenziwayo ubungangamsha kwabantu. Kunye ne kaMichelangelo kunye uLeonardo da Vinci, idityanisiwe zintathu yemveli iinkosi omkhulu ngelo xesha.

Waphila ubomi obufutshane, kwiminyaka engama-37 kuphela ubudala. Kodwa ngeli xesha azidalileyo inani elikhulu kwimizobo yakhe. Ezinye imisebenzi yakhe eVatican Palace eRoma. Asingabo bonke ababukeli ungabona wazibonela imizobo le Renaissance. Photography ifumaneka kuzo zonke ezi obukhulu (inxenye yabo thaca kweli nqaku).

Imisebenzi edume Raphael

Ukususela kwiminyaka 1504 ukuya 1507, uRafael uye wadala uthotho "Madonnas". Paintings ukuba ingane ubuhle, ubulumko kunye ukukhanyiselwa ngexesha elifanayo ukunxunguphala ethile. Eyona idumileyo lwemizobo bakhe baba "Sistine Madonna". Yena uboniswa semouse kwi esibhakabhakeni yaye kusihla kakuhle ebantwini ephethe usana. Yiyo le intshukumo ezilawulwa ngobuchule kakhulu kukuveza umculi.

Lo msebenzi kakhulu abagxeki ezininzi edumileyo, kwaye bonke bafika kwisigqibo esifanayo, ukuba ngenene obunqabileyo engaqhelekanga. Zonke mizobo ka Renaissance amagcisa zinembali ende. Kodwa "Sistine Madonna" liye othandwa kakhulu ngenxa neyokudinga kwayo engaphele ndawo, ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo. Emva kokutyhutyha iimvavanyo ezininzi, yena ekugqibeleni uthathe indawo yawo efanelekileyo phakathi kwimiboniso ye Dresden Museum.

Renaissance ukupeyinta. Amafoto lwemizobo abaziwayo

Enye opeyintayo ezaziwayo-kakuhle Italian, nomkroli kunye ngokomakhi, nto leyo eye yaba negalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lobugcisa Western - yi Mikelandzhelo Di Simoni. Nangona yokuba waziwa ngokuba nomkroli, kwaye kukho imisebenzi emihle ngemizobo yakhe. Kanti okubaluleke kubo eluphahleni Sistine Chapel.

Lo msebenzi wenziwa ngaphezu kweminyaka emine. Isithuba ithatha malunga namakhulu amahlanu eemitha isikwere kwaye iziqwenga abangaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu. Xa iziko iziqephu ezisithoba ukusuka kwiNcwadi yeGenesis, yahlulwe kumaqela eziliqela. Ukudalwa emhlabeni, ukudalwa komntu kunye elishweni lakhe. Phakathi mizobo ezininzi edumileyo yophahla - "Creation-Adam" yaye "uAdam noEva".

Akukho ngaphantsi wayedume umsebenzi wakhe - "Umgwebo Wokugqibela". Yenziwe phezu kodonga esibingelelweni Sistine Chapel. Lo mzobo ubonisa ukufika yesibini ka-Yesu Kristu. Apha UMichelangelo indiva iindibano umgangatho bezobugcisa lokubhala kuYesu. Wabeka naye isakhiwo umsipha omkhulu umzimba, abaselula kunye beardless.

Ixabiso yonqulo, okanye ubugcisa le Renaissance

Italian Renaissance ukupeyinta yaba sisiseko sokuphuhlisa zobugcisa Koloni. umsebenzi ezininzi kwesi sizukulwana amagcisa kufuneka nempembelelo enkulu phezu amagcisa, leyo lusekho nanamhlanje. Abameli olukhulu vutshila ngelo xesha lujolise kwizihloko yonqulo, ngokufuthi wasebenza ngokomyalelo labathengi afumileyo, kuquka nalawo Pope.

Inkolo ngokoqobo eyangena ngayo ubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu beli xesha, balala ngokunzulu ezingqondweni amagcisa. Phantse zonke Imizobo zonqulo kwiimyuziyam bezabelo zobugcisa, kodwa inokufumaneka yakhiwe ka Renaissance Imizobo, hayi ezinxulumene kuphela kwesi sihloko kumaziko ezininzi kunye namakhaya eziqhelekileyo. Abantu ngonaphakade uya ndincome imisebenzi amagcisa adumileyo kwexesha.