Ukulawulwa kobunjani bamajoyini adibeneyo

Ukunyuselwa kuyathandwa kakhulu kwiimeko apho kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa ndawonye izinto zensimbi kwanoma yimuphi umklamo, kwaye uqhagamshelo olubangela ukuba lube yinto enye. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenkqubo zeteknoloji, kodwa zonke zidibene ngokwahlukileyo zibe ziindidi ezinkulu. Kwimeko yokuqala, ukuncibilika kwesiseko sensimbi ngexesha lokwakheka komthunzi kuya kwenzeka, okwesibini - akukho. Kodwa naluphi na uhlobo olukhethiweyo, ukulawula umgangatho wamagxa adibeneyo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuzinza komkhiqizo ogqityiweyo

Ukulawulwa kobulunga kwezihlanganisi ezidibeneyo kuqhutyelwa ngokuthotyelwa ngokupheleleyo ngokumiselwa komthetho, apho, ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo yoyilo, i-GOST okanye i-SNIP, elawula umyalelo kunye neemfuno zokulandelelana kohlobo lo msebenzi. Njengomthetho, iqulethwe ngamanyathelo amabini:

• Ukuthintela ukusekwa kweziphene. Kule nqanaba, insimbi eyintloko, zonke iintlobo zempahla yokuhambisa, ukuthobela iteknoloji yokulungiswa kwamalungu okuqhuba imisebenzi yokudonsa ilawulwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela yolawulo olubonakalayo isetyenziswe apha. Izixhobo kunye neziqinisekiso zomlondolozi nazo zihlolwe. Ngokukodwa kwiimeko apho kuveliswa khona izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo.
• Ukufumanisa ukunyaniseka. Apha, ngokuqhelekileyo, kusetyenziswe indlela yokulawula engonakalisi, okwenza kube lula ukufumanisa zonke izithintelo ezikhoyo kwi-weld seam ngaphandle kokuphula umthetho.

Isigaba sokugqibela siya kuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi. Ngokusobala, ukulawulwa komgangatho wamanxeba adibeneyo kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba kukhangelwe ngaphakathi, ngaphakathi nangokusilela. Okokuqala, ngokuhlolwa kwangaphandle, oku kulandelayo kubonakala:

• Ukungalingani kwenzelwe kuzo zombini iindiza;
• Ukuzifeza, apho kungekho nxu lumano phakathi kweengxenye zesiseko seziseko, isiseko kunye nocingo (okanye izalathisi);
• Ukungagqibekanga;
• Slag inclusions;
• Iifayile ezibonakalayo;
• U ngaphantsi;
• Ezinkulu.

Nangona i- weld seams ihambelana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zalo, oko kukuthi, ihamba ngokugqithiseleyo kwisiseko sesinyithi, inomgangatho ongekho phantsi okanye ogqithiseleyo ngaphandle kweziphene eziphathekayo, ngoko ukulawulwa komgangatho wamacandelo adibeneyo ngokuhlolwa kwangaphandle komveliso ogqityiweyo awupheli. Ingozi enkulu ingafihla ngaphakathi kweso sondlo. Iziphoso ezinjalo azikwazi ukubonakala ngokubonakalayo, kodwa zingabangela ukuba umonakalo ongalindelekanga kwisakhiwo esinezantsi.

Iziphene zangaphakathi zamalungu zingabonwa, umzekelo, ukusebenzisa i-ultrasonic okanye i- color flaw detection. Kwimeko yokuqala, isistim esithile esisetyenzisiweyo, isiseko esisekelwe ekuphumeni kwamagesi e-ultrasonic, okuya kuthi, ukufikelela ekugqibeleni okanye kwiimbosi, kubonakala kwaye kwakha umfanekiso othile kwisikrini kweso sixhobo. Kwimeko yesibini, ifayili isetyenziselwa ukungena kwicala eliphambene nemveliso xa umgca ungagqibekanga, kwaye ubonakaliswe ngoncedo lwesibini. Ngale ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukufumanisa iintyatyambo kunye nobukhulu obukhulu.

Kwakhona, ukulawulwa komgangatho wamajoyini adibeneyo kungenziwa ngokuvavanya umgangatho weesampuli zokuvavanywa ezenziwe kwizinto ezifanayo njengeemveliso ezigqityiweyo. Kule meko, kwiimeko zebhubhoratri, iipropati zezitshixo ze-weld metal zenziwe zivavanywa, okumele ziyanelise imigaqo ethile. Ngokukodwa, ukongeza kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ubunzima kunye neendlululo, i-angle bending kunye nobunzima. Kwakhona, amacandelo amancinci alungiselelwe, avumela ukujonga umgangatho weengcambu ukungena ngokuchanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokubonakalisa iimpembelelo zangaphakathi zomdibaniselwano.