Uphi eMecca? Kukweliphi ilizwe yi eMecca?

Uphi eMecca? Kukweliphi ilizwe bababuyisa nawuphi amaSilamsi, ubuza lo mbuzo wokuqala ndawo. Inyaniso kukuba wonke umntu othi Islam, xa sisenza imithandazo imihla ngemihla, linyanzelekile ukuba bafune ubuso kwicala mzi.

esise

Yezobuchwepheshe, apho yonqulo engundoqo emhlabeni Muslim, sikweyona ngasentshonalanga Arabhu Peninsula, 75 km ukusuka elunxwemeni eLwandle oluBomvu. Namhlanje, isixeko bobabo Saudi Arabia, kwaye ke ikomkhulu wephondo Hijaz.

Zonke izakhiwo ngo eMecca mincinci kwaye kunokuba ngokuqinileyo lengxondorha ntili kuzo zonke macala ambathe ijikelezwe ziintaba. Le ngingqi ikuyo umzi, njengenye yeendawo ishushu kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Iqondo lobushushu nga apha uphawu ngaphezu 50 ° C. Lokuzikisa kuphela December ukuya ku April, nezinye zonke iinyanga zonyaka ixabisa ubushushu bhe.

Esise - umzi ongcwele for Muslims kunye amaRoma angangeni kokuba esalelweyo ngokungqongqo kwimithetho Saudi Arabia.

Imbali iMecca

Kuyinto yimpazamo ukukholelwa ukuba ukunyuka iMecca waqalisa kuphela ukuvela Islam. Ukusuka kudaladala, zonke izizwe neyobuhedeni-Arabhu Peninsula, eyaziwa kakuhle, apho isixeko eMecca. It wagcinwa ingcwele yayo ephambili - Kaaba. Ekuqaleni linikezelwa ku kuthixo zobuhedeni Hubal. Le ndawo waziwa kukuba, ngokutsho legend kufutshane nomzi engcwabeni lika-Adam noEva.

Ukususela ngenkulungwane VI e eMecca liyanda urhwebo ubulawu, ukongeza Abahambi ezininzi, abarhwebi apha kuzo zonke iimbombo zomhlaba.

Imbali iMecca kakhulu enxibelelene ne igama uMprofethi Muhammad. Kwaba apha, ngokutsho legend, umseki Islam wazalwa. Kwi ezikufuphi ukusuka kwisixeko yeNtaba Hira elizayo Umprofeti kudlula neegusha neebhokhwe, yaye kamva wayekuthanda umhlala apha ukuze bacinge wedwa. Ngexesha lezi vigils elilolo Muhammad yaqala ukubonakala isityhilelo yakhe edumileyo.

Imbali elandelayo iMecca amakhasi ezininzi ezibuhlungu. Loo lokoyisa, kuphangwa, imililo kunye nezifo. Noko ke, nangona iingxaki ezininzi, esi sixeko baqhubeka ubomi, ukuze athathe nabasemzini ezivela kulo lonke ihlabathi, kugcinwe ngenyameko ooAshera bazo. nezinto eziphambili kunye nesakhiwo engcwele ugcina lokukhonzela ophambili eMecca.

mosque Sacred

Masjid al-haram (Ngcwele Mosque) - enye lokukhonzela endala inkulu emhlabeni Muslim. Sisihlandlo sokuqala kulo zifumaneka imithombo kwiminyaka 638. Ngexesha khona kwalo kuye kwakhiwa izihlandlo eziliqela.

Le wokulungisa enkulu lokugqibela lwaqhutywa kwinkulungwane XVI. Emva koko ke sakhiwo yakhiwa minaret wesixhenxe. Inyaniso kukuba ngeli xesha e Istanbul lwakwakhiwa odumileyo Blue Mosque, nayo leyo zamaRoma ezintandathu. Imam iMecca uthathwa iitempile. Wayalela ukuba qhoboshela lokukhonzela eziphambili kwenye minaret ukuya lokukhonzela okanye ihlabathi ayikwazanga Zizigqithile isixa ekhayeni labo.

Luxury isakhiwo Gate zalungisa ngegolide nemisimbithi, kwaye intendelezo singqongwe kwivaranda marble ebukekayo kunye nakwiingqameko etsolo.

Mosque eMecca ehexa ngobukhulu. Likhulu kangangokuba kuba lula ukuhamba kwabantu namhlanje, apho zikhona escalators kanye.

Embindini ka Masjid al-haram kukuthi okwindawo isakhiwo, owona mgomo bonke abahambi.

Kaaba

Kunzima ukuba nithi apho igama lesi sakhiwo. Iingcali abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba eli gama yamandulo - livela elithi 'cube'. Kukho nezinye amagama. Amaninzi, Kaaba kuthiwa Bayt al-haram, gama elo elithetha "indlu engcwele". Kaaba engcwele uye, kudala ngaphambi ngokuvela Islam. Loo isikhungo ukuze zonke izizwe saa ye-Arabhu Peninsula.

Kaaba sisigqeba oluxande enophahla tyaba, yaye kunye nomnyango omnye kuphela. Ngaphakathi namhlanje Kubonakala ngathi iindonga ezingenanto, ezihonjiswe amazwi yeKoran. Ngaphandle Kaaba Kugqityiwe inyengane egudileyo Meccan, kwaye phezu kuyo obubhenqwe isigqubuthelo ekhethekileyo ombejembeje, ehlaziywa qho ngonyaka.

Ngokutsho ilivo ngexesha Muhammad in Kaaba lwentlekele kakubi zonakala, yaye buqu ebandakanyeka ekubuyiselweni kwesakhiwo engcwele. Oku kwenzeka ke kokuba wathabatha mission feti. Emva kokuba Ukubuyiselwa "indlu engcwele" kwakufuneka enze enye isiko ebalulekileyo - ufaka eludongeni esempuma Kaaba amatye odumileyo emnyama. Ngenxa yoko, abo bafumana le imbeko enkulu, kwakukho nenqala enkulu, yaye ngenxa yoko bagqiba kwelokuba bayigcinise ekunene kumntu wokuqala othe wangena kuloo mosque kusasa phakathi kwamasango adumileyo Meccans. Ngenxa yoko indoda Mohammed. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo umqondiso ovela phezulu.

elimnyama

Ilitye odumileyo ezimnyama Arabic ekuthiwa al-Hajar al-Aswad. Oku ifakwe isakhelo yesilivere yaye ekhwele kwenye kwikona Kaaba. Ngokutsho legend, ilitye wanikwa nguThixo ukuba uAdam waba ekuqaleni njengekhephu-ezimhlophe. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, akuba ithathe izono zabantu, yajika abamnyama.

Abaphengululi Modern bathi ilitye unalo imvelaphi yesiqalo. Kuye kwasekwa yi ingozi yokuba i zimpahla kunye Umhlaba. Ukusuka kwindawo wejoloji lwembono, oko ngeglasi foamed, engaquki Nditshonile emanzini. Ezi amatye afunyanwa rhoqo kwi-Arabhu Peninsula, kummandla apho kukho eMecca. Iqhekeza inkulu zimpahla anobunzima angapha kwesibini, ngoku ziyaxhonywa myuziyam.

Ngokutsho ubungqina bezinto zakudala, ilitye engcwele amnyama kanye yahlukana, kodwa emva koko ziqokelelwe kwaye sifakwe ikwisakhelo yesilivere. Noko ke, ukuze ngokucokisekileyo sihlolisise le bhokisi sesayensi ezicacileyo yezizathu alizange liphumelele.

AmaSilamsi banqula ilitye njengophawu uthando kunye nokuthembela olukhulu ubulumko esiNgcwele. Isithethe bephuzana ilitye yenzelwe ukubonisa ukuthobeka isibhambathiso othembekileyo kwelase athobele zonke iminqophiso umprofeti.

esise namhlanje

Namhlanje eMecca - enkulu, sixeko mihla elinabemi abemi kwezigidi ezibini. Esi sixeko ebonakalayo abasaphuhlayo ishishini kunye mveliso ngokoMthetho.

Ngo-2010, isakhiwo esikhulu kunazo entsha, ihlabathi ngayo izakhiwo yavulwa apha. Esi sakhiwo kakhulu - Royal Tower ngoyena mde isakhiwo wesithathu planethi, kwaye ikloko - nenqaba clock sikhulu ehlabathini.

Esi sixeko phantsi kolawulo lukamasipala ikhokelwa yi usodolophu, oqeshwe nguRhulumente Saudi Arabia.

Hayi kude eMecca le bale enkulu Minna ngokufumana Hajj abahambi.

Hajj

Uphi na iMecca, njani ilizwe? Lo mbuzo bakhuliswe amaSilamsi amaninzi awoyika uThixo, ethanda ukwenza uhambo ukuya ezibalulekileyo ebomini bakhe.

Hajj - oku xa kusiyiwa omkhulu kwiindawo ezingcwele Islam, ngokubonelela zokumisa ezimbalwa, owokugqibela kufuneka nakanjani babe eMecca. Ilizwe imvelaphi ngexesha elifanayo akunamsebenzi.

Hajj kunokuba umntu wayo yobudala aqolileyo ngokubanzi kwaye esezingqondweni. Lokuphambukela ingathatha, yaye umfazi, kodwa emiselweyo ukuhamba kuphela xa ikhatshwa isalamane eyindoda, okanye njengeqela.

Hajj yonke bahambi ngokuyimfuneko uzakufun aukugqithisa ngapha kwe izihlandlo ezisixhenxe ejikeleza Kaaba ebalwa aze achithe ezimbalwa izithethe esisinyanzelo.

Minyaka Hajj benze abantu million eziliqela, nangenxa eMecca esoloko ezinengxaki ezininzi iingxaki ezinxulumene nokubekwa kwabantu kunye umbutho lweentshukumo yabo esixekweni.

Ngemihla yokufika mkhulu zabanquli esixekweni akholisa ukubakho ingozi. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1990 xa kukho abahamba edityaniswe Mina kunye iMecca, kwabakho wathabatheka eyoyikekayo. amaxhoba ayo ngaphezu kwewaka abantu.

Eli tyala ayikho ityala ekwanti, kodwa akukho ingozi akakwazi ukuyeka elithembekileyo kumnqweno wabo ukutyelela umzi ongcwele. Kungenxa yoko le nto umbuzo phi na iMecca, yintoni ilizwe, impendulo aqalise naluphi na Muslim.

Medina

Medina - esinye isixeko esingcwele ka-Islam, le yesibini ngobukhulu emva eMecca. Ukuba eMecca - isixeko apho uMprofeti azalwe, i Medina - indawo apho wayigqiba uhambo lwakhe emhlabeni. Kukho omnye lokukhonzela engcwele yehlabathi Muslim - Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (feti Mosque).

Kukholelwa ukuba uMuhammad ngokwakhe inxaxheba ekwakheni le mosque, kwaye layout yayo wakhonza njengomzekelo kwakudalwa ezinye iitempile Islamic ehlabathini. Apha, phantsi komthunzi amajukujuku enkulu eluhlaza, oko engcwabeni umprofeti, yaye entsonkothileyo bokwakha mosque kwaye ngoku liyinxalenye endlwini apho wachitha iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe.

Indlela ukuze eMecca

Kwinxalenye Saudi Arabia, apho ngaseMecca Medina, namhlanje Kuhanjwa-moya. Lo moya elikufutshane use e Jeddah, ibekwe ezimbalwa kwiikhilomitha kweshumi evela eMecca.

Ukusuka Jeddah emizini ezingcwele wabeka kaloliwe-high speed, inokusetyenziswa iiyure ezimbini ezinesiqingatha ukufumana ukuya nemedina kunye ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha seyure - eMecca.

Phakathi emizini Saudi Arabia kukho indlela elula kunye nonxibelelwano zoololiwe, yaye kwisikhululo zonke kaloliwe okanye isikhululo sebhasi ngokuqinisekileyo uya kubonisa apho iMecca nokuba indlela yokufikelela kuyo.

Noko ke, asingabo bonke bahambi ukhetha ukusebenzisa iindlela zale mihla ezothutho. De kube ngoku, kukho iimeko apho abantu baya lokuphambukela ngeenyawo, ngathi njengokwemihla yamandulo.

Ngenxa yoko, onke amaSilamsi azinikeleyo bayazi kakuhle eMecca yelizwe apho babeza kuhlala kuyo. Kwaye abantu bazo zonke ezinye iinkolo, kukho enye indlela elula kakhulu ukufumana phandle. Nje khangela na lokukhonzela, kuyo nayiphi na isixeko ehlabathini: mihrab yayo kuya ngokukhomba ngesalathiso apho sibekwe eMecca.