Apple umthi eMoscow kamva: inkcazelo eyahlukahlukeneyo, photo, ncomo

Ezi apile ethandwayo kwi ezinezinga ziingcathu, kummandla embindini welizwe lethu. Iintlobo ngeentlobo Apple eMoscow kamva aqine, oko kunokubangela iingxaki ebino ixesha yokugcina ezahlukeneyo. Wood iyamelana izifo apple - injaduko.

EMoscow kamva - i-apile, ukuxelwa okwaba ifumaneke abalimi 1961. Ezahlukeneyo ibhekisa ekukhetheni Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosova. Yanyuselwa ekudibaneni iintlobo ezimbini abaziwayo - umqondiso North kunye Brown entsha. Umbhali saso S. I. Isaev. Ngowe-2001, kwathiwa esisikelwe.

Apple umthi eMoscow kamva: Inkcazo yezi ntlobo

Oku ummeli kwiintlobo kade (ebusika) ekukhuleni. Ulibo nga ukuvunwa ekupheleni kukaSeptemba okanye ekuqaleni Oktobha. Ahluke quality nokugcinwa enhle. Unakekelwa kahle ezigcinwe zikwimeko ziphelele phambi kokuvuna olandelayo isivuno nyaka. Kuyanconywa ukuba uwugcine zewayini kunye angaphantsi, kubushushu phakathi phinde ngo 2 no +6 ° C. Ziphephe utshintsho ngesiquphe lobushushu.

Apple umthi eMoscow kamva ukuhlakanipha. ezisasaza zayo iintlobo zilandelayo:

• Vityaz.
• Sinap.
• Orlovsky.
• Bogatyr.
• EMoscow ebusika.

kamva Namhlanje apile eMoscow kusiwa kummandla esembindini, kwimimandla ekufutshane. Yimpumelelo le ezahlukeneyo bukhulileyo e Belarus, kunye Ukraine.

iinkuni

EMoscow kamva - i-apile, ifoto esiye zibekwe kweli nqaku libhekisela ngamandla kunye nemithi. Xa isithsaba usemncinane imilo ngokubanzi pyramidal, kodwa ubudala itshintsha ukuze ngokubanzi. Amagqabi kwi amasebe afumaneka kakhulu ezinqabileyo. Amaxolo lo buti kunye namasebe eziphambili zipeyintwe ngombala oluhlaza-hina. amasebe skeletal iimpawu zicwangciswe ngendlela tye obliquely.

amasebe

Kuphendula zingajikelezi cross-candelo, ngqo, kunye pubescence nkqi, zipeyintwe umbala omdaka. lenticels kancinci khaxa kwi ngamasebe rhoqo. Internodes short.

amahlamvu

Ezinkulu, ovoid okanye iimilo okweqanda. Iikona ezi ezitsolo serrate-crenate, amacebo - ziloliwe. Fleecy petioles ezimfutshane, ngokufanayo ezinemibala kunye ubude bayo.

Inkcazelo leziqhamo

Fruits apile eMoscow kamva, inkcazelo, iifoto apho kunokubonwa zonke iincwadi reference ngokulima, eliphakathi okanye esikhulu ubukhulu. Enye apple uyalinganisa umlinganiselo ikhulu elinamanci 65 grams, kodwa isiqhamo ufikelela ezinobunzima 210-235 grams. Bona elungelelaniswe imilo elirhangqiweyo-etsobhileyo ngokuchanekileyo kunye umphezulu kakuhle.

Ngexesha iziqhamo ukuqola elisusekayo zipeyintwe ngombala oluhlaza-yellow, lo kombala ukutyabeka kakhulu ibuthathaka - soft bahlazeke epinki ibekwe kwicala enelanga. Xa ama-apile abaqolileyo yabathengi ogqunywe Ixolo segolide yellow. indawo ongama ukubonakala kancinane: ukuba zincinane, zipeyintwe ngombala oluhlaza.

Ebubanzini avareji likhaba, nje abekwe elifutshane. ububanzi ifanele kunye avareji ubunzulu. Yeplastiki ubunzulu avareji kunye ebanzi ngokwaneleyo. Podchashechnaya tube ubude elifutshane kwahlukile ngokungqinelana nefom - ngokubanzi ifanele-ezimise nge gumbi imbewu zivulekile kancinane. Imbewu eliphakathi-ertyisi, emile ngeenxa zonke, umbala in emdaka.

zwa iimpawu

Apple umthi eMoscow kamva (inkcazo, photo, begadi ncomo iyiphakamisa) inika iziqhamo kunye incasa olugqibeleleyo. Le inyama apile ezimhlophe, kunye texture ecikizekileyo, zamahlathi, eliphambili kakhulu kwaye incasa emnandi wobulali yaye inobuqhophololo ngolangazelelo-ezimuncu, elinongwe kancinane.

chemical ukubunjwa

kamva Fruits apile eMoscow ziquka:

• sugar - 9.29%;
• asidi titratable - 0,94%, kodwa imida avumela 0,70 ukuya 0,97%;
• tannins - 55 mg / 100 g (imida kuvumelekile ukusuka 41 ukuya 67 mg / 100 g);
• Ascorbic acid - 8.8 mg 100 g nganye;
• P-esebenzayo izinto - 0,15 mg 100 g nganye;
• pectin - 8.7% sobunzima owomileyo.

Fruits kamva apple eMoscow ilungu jikelele. Zisetyenziswa fresh kwaye emva kokupheka processing.

ukuvelisa

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba ekuqaleni bekucingelwa ukuba Apple eMoscow kamva (photo ungabona ngezantsi) uqalisa nithwale isiqhamo ngomnyaka weshumi - kweli thuba linika iziqhamo yayo yokuqala. Noko ke, kamva wajika ukuba izityalo athwale isiqhamo ngakumbi ngokukhawuleza - sele yesithandathu, ngomnyaka wesixhenxe. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka emva nabo ezifunyenwe ngokusebenzisa uphinda-phindo lwe izithole.

Ezi zixa-avareji imveliso - 160 kg umthi nganye okanye quintals 110 ngehektare nganye.

ukutyala

Ukukhetha kwesithole, kuyimfuneko ukuba anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo imeko buti lomthi osemncinci. Ukuba egosogoso kakhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba abe yinto ephangiweyo inkqubo iingcambu, ngoko akuyomfuneko ukuba abe nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa. Amathuba amahle ukuba azisayi kwamkelwa okanye uya kuba ekhubazekile, nto leyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuya kuchaphazela umgangatho nobungakanani yesityalo.

Emva ukufunyanwa izithole, kufuneka sibekwe ngu- 80 cm xa idlula ezi parameters. Ukuba iingcambu kukho iisentimitha ezimfutshane kwama-40, lo mthi ziguyiwe nangakumbi kuba iingcambu ezincinane musa ukunika ngokwaneleyo isithsaba ngamanzi kunye nezondlo.

Phambi kokutyala iingcambu isithombo onokolula kakuhle, susa yonke ezonakeleyo, qiniseka ukuba iintsholongwane indawo kwelizwi igadi cut. Ukuba iingcambu lemithi kome kakhulu, hlala yokulala wamanzi nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa, kulo mzekelo, isityalo ngokukhawuleza kwaye kube lula ngakumbi.

kamva Apple Moscow udinga umaleko kwamanzi. Dig ukutyala ubungakanani umngxuma 70h70h70 cm, ubeke phezu emazantsi kutsalwe. Njengoko zisetyenziswa ibloko eziphathekayo, izitena ezaphukileyo, shingle. Primer ukutyala ukuba kwahlulwa ku maleko ezimbini: eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Emazantsi, phezu idreyini, wabeka umxube eliphezulu maleko kunye nezondlo nezongezelelo. Bayakwazi kuba umgquba, wamatye. Umgquba ayikhuthazwa ukuba zongezwe egadini kakuhle.

umhlaba Top Kongezelelwa i nwebu ngaphandle ukungcola. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze iingcambu zobutsha zemithi akukho wadibana isichumiso. Oku kunokubangela iingcambu komtshiso oko. Umxube lomhlaba kunye nesichumiso kufuneka induli encinci, apho ibekwe nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa. Kufuphi kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba isikhonkwane, apho babopha ukuya buti mthi gqitha phantsi ubunzima isithsaba. Emva kokutyalwa umthi obuthululwayo-emele ezimbini okanye ezintathu amanzi.

ukunakekela

Ukunkcenkceshela - omnye wemiba ibalulekileyo ekunyamekeleni eMoscow emva kwexesha. Imithi kufuneka ezininzi yokunkcenkceshela ngendlela. Oku kubaluleke ngokukodwa ngethuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo kunye neminyaka ezomileyo. Beka ecaleni a Turf emthini okanye ikhaphethi of clover - kuyanceda nokugcina xi eziyimfuneko ukufuma.

Kuba eMoscow ngasekupheleni yezityalo ebaluleke kakhulu. Oku kukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa umthi imikhosi wobomi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, eli kunyaka olandelayo emva kokwehla, dlulela sokumiswa isithsaba ngumntu. Kukunciphisa ikhaba namahlumela abaselula ezikhula zibe isithsaba okanye amasebe ephuhlisa kwindawo engile elibukhali.

Ukuba nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa iye yakhula kule minyaka yokuqala yobomi, phambi kokuba afikelele iminyaka yabo yesithandathu, iintyatyambo kufuneka kunqunyulwa. Ukongeza, entwasahlobo wazigawula zonke, amasebe ezaphukileyo ebolileyo. Kufuneka kubekho silandele ukusulungeka komhlaba. ixesha Kubalulekile ukususa ukhula, ndiwuthukulule kunye ukhula.

isichumiso eluncedo organic njengemvula ingca. Spring kufuneka ukondla iinkuni uthuthu, nitrate, urea.

Izifo nezinambuzane

ukugula kakhulu - umhlaza Apple. Oku kunokukhokelela emthini ekufeni. Esiqwini, amasebe, sithsaba sam kuvela ukuqina buqapheleke. Kamva ezi neziqu ukuphuhlisa inkqubo ukubola. Ukonakala zivulekile, kodwa ivaliwe kuphela. Kwimeko yokugqibela ngaphandle amaxolo amaxolo. Ukuba washiya lunganyangwa, umonakalo kwisiza kubonakala umda ebomvu.

Ukuba sifo ibanjiwe kusekwangoko, iindawo okanye waluqaba kwelizwi igadi, okanye Bordeaux ulwelo yonakele. amasebe ezonakeleyo ukuze atshiswe zenkalo igadi.

powdery mildew

Esi sifo sichaphazela zonke iindawo ezibalulekileyo komthi. Kuyinto obonakala ikakhulu emagqabini. Kubo kukho amabala luphawu emhlophe efana uthuli okanye umgubo. Kwi zigaba thuthu iba mdaka. Ngaphandle ubonelelo uncedo umthi, amagqabi ubune, esi sifo sichaphazela ngaphakathi umphanda.

Indlela ukuba aphilise umthi?

ezonakeleyo qhawulwa ze watshisa kude egadini. Wood iphathwa with "Topaz" ichiza ngomlinganiselo ngeemililitha ezimbini ukuya iilitha ezilishumi zamanzi. Ukongeza, kakuhle esekwe kwezi meko lithetha "kungekudala". Le isisombululo wahlamba iinkuni nasemva fruiting iphathwa ngobunono Bordeaux ngolwelo.

Ukuze kunyanyekelwe njengokhozo iintlobo umthi musa kufuna umgudu omkhulu. Kuyinto nabalulamileyo, sinika isivuno esikhulu, yaye iziqhamo kufuneka incasa kakhulu.

Apple umthi eMoscow kamva: uhlola begadi

Abanini abaninzi kule klasi bakholelwa ukuba ukufaneleka le apile ziquka: kwizinga eliphezulu umsebenzisi-apile, hardiness ebusika kunye ukuxhathisa injaduko. Grade nepriveredliv kwezokonga. begadi abaninzi bathanda, ukuba isiqhamo kunokugcinwa kude kube sekuvuneni elandelayo, kwakunye nethuba lokuba badle iziqhamo nje kuphela ngendlela entsha. Kubo ukupheka esivumba incindi, hooter, konfetyury. Abaninzi bathi iziqhamo ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa ngayo ukutya dietetic.

Ngokutsho begadi, iziphene ezibalulekileyo iindidi engenako, kodwa ezinye abanini bakholelwa ukuba iintsilelo iintlobo kufuneka iquke isiqhelo sokuba le ukuqina umthi isithsaba, kodwa hayi ethile embi kakhulu. Le ngxaki ingasombululwa ngaphandle kobunzima okukhulu.