Aron Raymon: imfundiso lwezenhlalo

umphengululi French imvelaphi yamaYuda, sobulumko ngezentlalo, kwezenzululwazi yezopolitiko, iimbono yezopolitiko ekhululekile UAron Raymon ngumseki imisinga epistemological ifilosofi imbali, abaxhasi bayo nenyaniso yokuba eli bali liye evakalayo ngokwemiqathango positivism. Raymond ngokwakhe wakhuthaza jikelele kunye deideologization nenzululwazi. Naye lweli ngobhalo kuluntu mveliso. Aron Raymon negalelo ukwamkela isosioloji yaseJamani, umzekelo, inkqubo izimvo ze Max Weber eFransi. Njengoko intatheli, uye ebhaliweyo iincwadi ezingaphezu kwama-30. Kuba xesha, yaba wemihlathi yezopolitiko iphephandaba "Le Figaro". Ngokusekelwe kwiinkolelo zakhe zezopolitiko, wayekholelwa ukuba urhulumente kufuneka wenze imithetho ndiya kummela, inkululeko, ukulingana, ukuba nezigxina ezininzi ngexesha, yaye ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwazo.

Aron Raymon: biography

-Nzulu elizayo wazalwa ngo-1905 e-Lorraine, xa rambervillers, unyana ka lamanene yamaYuda, ihlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo kwindawo yazo. Uyise, Gustav Aron, waba unjingalwazi komthetho kunye nonina - Syuzan kaLevi - umfazi wempangelo, inzalelwane Alsace. Kungekudala yonke intsapho yafudukela Paris.

Imfundo Aron Raymon waba École normale supérieure. Apha leva Jean-Paul Sartre. Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, baba Babengabahlobo abasenyongweni, kodwa kwangaxeshanye abaphikisi ezikrelekrele. Raymond kwakhanya ulwazi lwabo ukuhlolwa bulumko kwi isidanga agrégé eqokelele nani liphezulu lamanqaku kunye waphumelela indawo yokuqala. Ngokwenene ngumngeni omkhulu! Ngelo xesha, Sartre akazange kukuhlangula Baphela uviwo. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-25, uRaymond waba ngugqirha bulumko yembali.

e Germany

Emva kokuphumelela eParis School UAron waya eJamani abathethise kwiiyunivesithi Cologne Berlin. Apha ubona indlela amaNazi wayitshisa ethi "smart". Kungelo xesha ke ikhuphe Ukwehluleka totalitarianism, kunye Fascism. Xa amandla e Germany Hitler weza, kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele eFransi ngenxa ukhuseleko lwabo.

ukufundisa

Kokubuyela ekhaya, waqala ukufundisa intanda lwezentlalo isosioloji kwiYunivesithi Le Havre (hayi mazingabhidaniswa eHarvard). Ukususela ngowe-1934 uye ebefundisa malunga 5 iminyaka kwaye wasebenza njengonobhala i Ecole normale Supérieure, nto leyo kanye ugqibile.

Ke Aron Raymon wafudukela Toulouse, apho into emandiyenze kwintanda lwentlalo. Phambi kokuqala kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, wathatha inxaxheba Paris kanobom kwiNkomfa Walter Lippmann, ogama emva kokuba intatheli odumileyo yaseMelika. Le ntlanganiso onengqondo wahlelwa Louis Rougier.

Imfazwe kubomi rona Raymona

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, ngaphambi kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe yena unjingalwazi bulumko ntle kwi-University of Toulouse sixeko. Ukujula umsebenzi wokufundisa, waya ngaphambili ukuya kukhonza kwi Force Air eFransi, yaye emva kokuba umkhosi woyiswa kwaye ilizwe lokuzalwa ekwakusetyenzwa ngamaNazi, waya kwelinye icala Channel, ukuba Albion.

Apha, akukho ezikufutshane intshukumo "Ukulwa France", leyo phantsi kolwalathiso Charles de Gaulle kwaye apho wenza lowu wokuthand "Free France". Aroni baba umhleli wayo. Printa kwamanye amazwe, ukuba staryutsya agcine umoya bakhaya zakhe.

Raymond Aron: izigaba zophuhliso ingcamango lwezenhlalo

Emva abahlaseli German ushiye France, ISAZINZULU ubuyela ekhaya kwaye ukufunda nokufundisa. Eli xesha ingena kwi National School of Administration, ngokunjalo kwi Paris Institute politissledovany, apho ufundisa yokuhlalisana.

iimbono Early yokuhlalisana ka rona, baphantsi kwempembelelo zeniyo (school Baden). Kwiincwadi zakhe, yena wakhanyela imithetho nophuhliso loluntu nokushumayela ngalo ngokugqithisileyo ezithi ngomda irrationality.

Kamva wasuka ukusuka ukuzibaxa ye priori kunye ukuziphatha isondela nendawo Max Weber xa imfundiso yakhe "iintlobo efanelekileyo" kwi ukufunda imbali. Xa imisebenzi yakhe lwenzululwazi kwimbali kwabantu, UAron sympathized notyekelo emithethweni Durkheim kunye Tocqueville. Wayesoloko uzama ukwenza i "enye" inguqulelo eziphathekayo zembali.

Imfundiso rona

Ngomnye ababhali ingqikelelo de-ideologization. Wabamba ukuma bemkhanyela imithetho injongo kangako zembali, unxibelelwano ngengqiqo lobudlelwane kwimveliso kunye nemikhosi enemveliso, kwakunye ingqikelelo ukusekwa kwezoqoqosho nezentlalo.

Kwabantu rona Raymona ikuthatha into uphando loluntu ezithathwe izinto luluvo, ezifana ezixhasayo, orientation ixabiso izifundo intshukumo, ingongoma ngenxa umntu oye ephanda. Le ndlela, ngokutsho iimbono ka rona, i "non-yembono 'imfundiso entsha yoluntu. Kuyinto ingcamango echanekileyo kuphela, ekubeni izifundo 'ukuba ukho ngokwenyani. "

Njengoko sele sibonile, uAron nayo ngunozala ingcamango jikelele lonke uluntu mveliso. Wayethi ngumlandeli Saint-uSimon Long yaye ngokufuthi ekubhekiselwe kubo.

Umsebenzi edume uRaymond

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, kukwayinto entle intatheli, kwaye Ungumbhali weencwadi ezingaphezu kwe-30, edume kakhulu kwi "umlaliso abaziingqondi" phakathi kwabo. Raymond Aron walibhala-1955. Wenza yegadi. Iingxabano ngale ncwadi awanqandi namhlanje. Sisabalulekile.