BCG

Okwangoku, ugonyo yenye ezisetyenziswayo kakhulu ngokubonakalayo zothintelo iintlobo zezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Vaccinal eyenzelwe inani elikhulu zizifo, uluhlu iyaqhubeka ngokukhula.

Enye kakhulu okulindelekileyo yaba lugonyo lwe-BCG. indalo yayo kungavunyelwa amaxesha ukunciphisa nokugula kwanokufa ukususela ekusulelekeni TB. oqhelekilyo kwinkulungwane elinesibhozo, usulelo kuye kwaziswa phantsi kolawulo yi kogonyo. Noko ke, ngelo xesha lakalokunje akukho sezandleni ukuba isifo sephepha, izifo ezithintelekayo ngamachiza. Ngokuyintloko, oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba umzimba asakhulayo kokwexeshana, ingakumbi kwezo meko apho umzimba inxitywa izifo ezingapheliyo okanye kwimeko immunodeficiency naso okanye lufundiwe.

Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, izitofu bakwazi ukuphuhlisa iintlobo sephepha, TB ezikhandelwa phantsi kwempembelelo i uhlobo okuncitshiswe lwe gciwane. Uphuhliso kwesi sifo lunokwenzeka kwaye emva kokuba emva kokuba ukuqaliswa sokugonya kwiminyaka embalwa. Esi sifo senzeka ngenxa ukuba buthathaka kwamajoni omzimba womntu, okanye ngenxa jikelele ukudinwa (anorexia).

BCG ugonyo yenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ulawulo lokuqala ichiza - lwesine - Ngemini yesithandathu ukususela ekuzalweni komntwana. Le buqhinga ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa ngqo kwikhaya lokonga. I revaccination yokuqala ababethwele umntwana ebanjwe xa eveza ukungabikho sifo kwi arhente tuberculosis (oko kukuthi, xa ugonyo BCG eziqalisile xa eneminyaka esixhenxe, esi somelezi yesibini (eyi-14 ubudala), kwaye umntu akazange ukuhlangabezana wand Goch kaThixo indawo).

Ukuze uqonde ukuba okanye hayi umntwana nesifo sephepha yaye kwakufuneka revaccination akukho sifo okanye hayi, tirhisa uvavanyo Mantoux, njengoko sisalathisi reactivity ngokuphathelele arhente isifo sephepha. Ukwahlula normergicheskuyu kunye indlela hyperergic, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu papules kwakhiwa kunye namandla aso.

Ukubunjwa zokugonya ezahlukeneyo kuquka zombini live wambulala arhente wentsholongwane egazini kunye abe nenkani.

Ukubunjwa iqulethe ophilileyo BCG ne Mycobacterium tuberculosis neentlobo ezithile kunye nokuphungulwa virulence. Olu uhlobo yafunyanwa culturing ngokuphindaphindiweyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kuba gciwane. Okukwazi kwakheka ngenxa phindo yomenzeli emzimbeni womntu generate elilwa isici. Le peculiarity sifo esakha BCG sogonyo ukuba iyaxhaswa yi yokuzinga eli gciwane emzimbeni. Olu phawu efanayo iyachaza ithuba kuphuhliso post-ugonyo isifo sephepha.

Okukwazi wafumana umntu ngenxa kogonyo, yinto vaccinal yendalo. Ukongeza kukho nevaktsinalny sifo zendalo, apho ukubunjwa kungenxa nalwa bendalo Mycobacterium tuberculosis kwi yomoya yabantu. okukwazi okunjalo kwakhona eqhelekileyo kakhulu, njengoko umthamo umzimba bomntu kumkhawulela Goch isihange zininzi kangaka. Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ngezifundo nxamnye isifo luhlobo oluvulelekileyo xa umoya kunye isigulane ukhetha arhente nenkani.

Kukho inani Izimo ukuba ugonyo. Bona lonke ixesha lokuwa (kukhokelela ukuhlehliswa kogonyo), kwaye rhoqo (kulo mzekelo, ugonyo akwenziwanga). Ukuze a ugonyo contra yexeshana ziquka prematurity (ubunzima olusanda ngeekhilogram ngaphantsi kwe 2.5), kwakunye nenani kwezifo kunye exacerbations nokoyika ezimbi ezingapheliyo. BCG bengakuphiwanga kwizifundo imibala ngokuzingisileyo omzimba, njengoko iifom ngokubanzi sephepha - yinto contraindication esisigxina babase kwisitofu.