Emnye Square eSt Petersburg: ezeMbali kunye izinto

Emnye Square e St. Petersburg (iifoto kuyabonakala ngezantsi) - endala esixekweni. Yena wabonakala phezu Island City ngo 1703. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, esi sixeko siqithi wafumana elinye igama - St. Petersburg, okanye kwicala Petrograd, kwaye ndawo iye yahlala iziko lolawulo ixesha elide. It kwaku izakhiwo zikarhulumente, izibuko kunye namasiko, market ukutya, Gostiny Dvor, yokutyela. Ukususela imbonakalo ndawo kunye layout yayo zitshintshile.

Ibali Emnye Square

Inkangeleko ndawo ngenxa ukwakhiwa Emnye Holy Cathedral. Le tempile yakhiwa phakathi kuka 1703 no 1710, ukukhumbula uloyiso phezu balwa kwaye ogama lakhe behlonipha Emnye oyiNgcwele, kwaye Emnye Square eSt Petersburg yathiywa emva yecawa.

Kule minyaka ingama-20 ukuba sadlala imithendeleko iintsomi, nemimiselo yasebukhosini wabhengeza, olwenziwe ncomo, kwimiju-, nokubulawa kunye nezinye iziganeko. Ngokomyalelo Peter I endaweni yembutho kwakhiwa isakhiwo, leyo likwaneklinkhi i Sinodi neNdlu Yeengwevu, emazantsi esi siqithi yakhiwa izibuko kunye namasiko. Okulandelayo kubo market Obzhorny. Kumntla wakha Gostiny Dvor kunye kule ndawo yentselo.

Ngowe-1710, emarikeni sinokuya Obzhornom ukuba umlilo enkulu, nto leyo kwalutyhutyha kuma kwizibuko iinqanawa. Uninzi izakhiwo abachatshazelwa emlilweni, kamva emarikeni kunye namasiko baye bafudukela kwenye indawo. Umlilo yesibini ngo-1718, oko yonakele kwakhiwe yeeNgwevu kunye igumbi apho uPetros ndathatha yoosaziwayo Polish. Nangona indawo apho kwakukho ofisi zikarhulumente, waba Emnye Square e St. Petersburg, imbali ibonisa ukuba waqala ukuphelelwa ukubaluleka kwayo, kuba kwiziko umzi bafudukela Vasilevsky Island.

Emnye ibhulorho

Ngowe-1803, kwabakho imfuneko yokuba kwakhiwe umchankcatho owawuza phakathi kwicala Petersburg kunye yebhanki iseleyo Neva. Yena yathiywa emva isixeko St. Petersburg ngenkulungwane. Xa uye kwi isikhitshane wokuweza yakhiwa ngethuba 1824-1827. Ibhulorho entsha igama Suvorov. Noko ke, njengoko sakhiwa Emnye Holy Square e St Petersburg, ewela wayeka ukulingana indlela yokwakha ezi zakhiwo. Ngoko ke, ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX kwagqitywa ukuguqula. Ngo-1897 waqalisa sokwakha seprojekthi Troitsky Bridge, yenziwe yi womzobi French Eiffel. Inkqubela yomsebenzi ezilawulwa abahleli Russian.

Xa kuvulwa ezukileyo kwebhulorho kwenzeka ngoMeyi 1903, nabazinikeleyo ukuba isikhumbuzo 200th kwamadoda omzi, waye uKhesare Nicholas II. Emnye ibhulorho uye waba ngomnye izakhiwo zokuqala ezihambisekayo phesheya Neva. Ubude bayo laliziimitha 582, yaye ububanzi phakathi wakunyelisa olugobileyo kweemitha 23.4, ubunzima lidlula iitoni ezili-11. Le friend ezihonjiswe e Art Nouveau style kwaye pyatiarochnoe ulwakhiwo. umhombiso nobude steel balustrades openwork nezibane ezintle, zifakwa kunye kwebhulorho, wabethelela ukulingana yayo.

Trinity Chapel

Emnye Square e St. Petersburg sele lwaziwa ezikhumbuzo zayo, enye yazo oyiNgcwele Trinity Cathedral. Waba ibandla lokuqala kweso sixeko, eyakhiwa yomthetho Peter I. uPetros noPawulos Cathedral ide yakhiwa, ibandla wayengomnye iisimboli ephambili eyinkunzi, waye indawo yonqulo kwinkundla yakomkhulu.

amaxesha Cathedral eziliqela ubunzima evela imililo idangatye, kodwa ukubuyisela kuyo. Emva kokuba October Revolution, Trinity Square labizwa Revolution Square. Ngokutsho ideology entsha, kwi isikwere kunye negama yecawa belingelilo ndawo, ngoko ngo-1933 oko sachithwa kwaye endaweni wakha izindlu ezimbini, ayaphula isikwere.

Kuba iminyaka sama- 300 ka St. Petersburg wagqiba ukuba yakhiwe loo ndlu yecawa. Kodwa projekthi ekuye akwaphumelela oko ngenxa yokuba ukudilizwa kwezindlu ukwakhiwa ibandla akwenzeki. Ngoko ke, kunokuba ibandla sagqiba ukwakha indlwana egameni kaBathathu Emnye. yokuzahlula lwayo lwenzeka ngoMeyi 2003. Ngoku ndlwana isebenzayo.

House of ngamabanjwa opolitiko kunye Solovetsky Stone

Emnye Square e St Petersburg umdla kubakhenkethi. Phakathi kwezinye ezikhumbuzo, ingqalelo ezitsalwa House of amabanjwa ezopolitiko. Yakhiwa 1933 njengendlu-Thethani amaxhoba zangaphambili zocindezelo tsarist amaqela ezahlukeneyo ezopolitiko. Le projekthi yaphuhliswa kwi liphulo Society of Amabanjwa ezopolitiko kunye iLeningrad nabayili ingqalelo lesikhumbuzo of Unxibelelaniso. Isakhiwo esinemigangatho emithandathu kwaye ibukeka omkhulu kwaye uya Petrovskaya eweni. Olungaphambili ezihonjiswe balcony, ajike abe masimu, kunye tape Injengokubengezela.

Indlu 144 izindlu kunye lokuhlambela kunye namanzi ashushu, kodwa akukho ukutya. Endaweni yoko, vula igumbi lokutyela ekwabelwana. Izanda ezimbini zokuqala iivenkile, enkulisa, kwiziko lonyango, impahla, ithala leencwadi. Amabanjwa Political Society ngokusemthethweni ngo-1935, abameli bakhe emva iinkampu, kwaye endlwini ukwenza utshintsho wamwisela ngokuqukunjelwa abemi abaqhelekileyo.

Nangona ezinomtsalane iphuphumela e Emnye Square e St. Petersburg, inkcazo sayo iya kuba ingagqitywanga ngaphandle ngokukhankanywa ilitye Solovetsky. Oku isikhumbuzo amaxhoba zocindezelo kaStalin. Stone ngo-1990 wakhululwa kwinkampu Solovetsky ubeke kufutshane yeNdlu Amabanjwa Political. Igama yembali kaBathathu Emnye Square umva ngo-1991.