INkosana yePoltsktsk Vseslav Bryachislavich: i-biography esifutshane, umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe

INkosana Polotsky uVseslav Bryachislavich wabusa e-Kiev ixesha elifutshane nje, iinyanga ezi-7 kuphela. KwiPolotsk, amandla akhe ayenaye iminyaka engama-57 ubudala. Akukuphela kuphela ukuzalwa kwakhe, kodwa ubomi buzele ukuqiqa kwaye buhlanganiswe kwisigqubuthelo semfihlakalo.

Ubomi bokuqala: ukubukeka okungavamile

Ulwazi malunga nomama we-Prince Vseslav alufumanekanga. Kwi "Tale of Bygone Years" kukho umxholo wokubonakala kwakhe okumangalisayo. Kuthiwa kwintloko yentombazana kwakukho "isilonda". I-Magi icebisa oomama ngale ndlela ilandelayo: "Mbeke le isilonda kuye, makayithwale aze afe." Iimbono zeembali-mlando malunga negama elithi "ulonda" lahlulwa. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba ithetha i-markmark yokuzalwa ekhanda likaVseslav, kamva kamva ihlanganisa i-bandage ekhethekileyo. Abanye banokuqiniseka ukuba umlawuli wexesha elizayo wazalwa "kwikhati", oko kukuthi, emzimbeni wakhe kwakukho izibonelelo ze-amniotic fluid. INkosana uVseslav Bryachislavich ebomini bakhe bendoda yayinxiba njenge-amulet. Inyaniso yokuba kwiintsuku zethu umntu ophumeleleyo osindileyo ukungathandabuzeki kuthiwa uzalwe kwikhati yilezo zihlandlo zamandulo. Ukongeza kwinto yokuba inxalenye yeplacenta ingaba ngumlindi womnini wayo kwaye ikhuphe ingxaki, lo mqondiso ungasichazela isimo sengqondo somntu ngobugqirha. Mhlawumbi, kutheni iVseslav Bryachislavich ithathwa njengabantu njengenkosana yezilwanyana, umlumbi.

Ukuqala kokulawula

Ngo-1044 uyise wekosana wafa, uBryachislav Izyaslavovich. Amandla adluliselwa kwiVseslav: ilifa lakhe liyi-Polotsk. Kodwa ekubeni wayezicingela ngokwakhe ukuba uyindlalifa kaVladimir (Omkhulu uDuke), ngoko ke, ngoluvo lwakhe, yonke i- princedom yaseKieg kufanele ibe yedwa kuye. Iminyaka elishumi yokuqala yokulawula kwakhe, uVseslav Bryachislavich Polotsky wayenobungane kunye neenkosana zaseYi Kiev Yaroslavich. Babambana ngokulwa namaTurkey ngo-1060. Emva koko waqala umzabalazo wakhe wokuzimela kwi-Polotsk.

Ukulwa nabamelwane

Ukususela ngo-1065 ixesha lokuhlaselwa kwiinqununu eziselumelwaneni zaqala, inkokheli yayinguVseslav Bryachislavich. Umgaqo-nkqubo wasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, ngokwembono yabalwazi-mbali, wawubonakala ngokungahambisani nokunyanzeliswa. Okokuqala, iKiev yaphangwa kwaye yayixhomekeka, yaza yachitha iTkovkov. Ngo-1067, ngokubhaliweyo, ukuhlaselwa okuphazamisayo kuNovegorod kwenziwa. Ngenxa yoko, kwanetempile kaHagia Sophia yaphangwa.

U-Izyaslav I-Yaroslavich akazange amxolele okokuthanda kwakhe uVseslav kwaye, kunye nabazalwana bakhe, banquma ukumphikisa. Ubusika obusika obuninzi ngo-1067. Nangona kubanda kakhulu, abazalwana bazingqonge, baza bathabatha iMinsk, okwakungokooPolotsk. Ngenxa yoko, bonke abantu babulawa, kwaye abafazi kunye nabantwana babanjwa. Emlanjeni weNeman , imfazwe engaphumelelanga nabazalwana baseYaroslavich baqhutyelwa iVseslav.

Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, abazalwana bamema uNkosana Polotsky kwisixeko saseOrsha ukuba athethe iintetho zoxolo. Vseslav, ukuxhobisa isikhephe, ehamba endleleni ngaphandle kokwesaba ngenxa yobomi bakhe, njengoko abalawuli baseKivanvan Rus bashaya umnqamlezo, okwangoku kwanika isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko. Kodwa kwaba yiqhinga lobuqili labazalwana. Bambamba iVseslav Bryachislavich baza bathatyelwa eKiev, apho babethunyelwa khona ekugqobeni (igumbi elingenazo iingcango, okwakhiwe ngeenxa zonke). Isenzo esinjalo esingathandabuyo sabangela ukuxhamla okukhulu phakathi kwabantu, kwaye abaninzi abahlali baseKiev bahlala kwicala laseVseslav.

Ukukhululwa ekuthinjweni

UVseslav Bryachislavich, owakhe ulwabilo olusekelwe ikakhulu kwii-annals, lwakhululwa ngo-1968. Oku kwenzeka ngexesha lokuvuswa okwenziwe ngenxa yokuphumelela imfazwe yabazalwana baseYaroslavich kunye nePolvvtsi kuMlambo i-Alta. Ukongezelela, u-Izyaslav akazange anike abantu baseKieg izixhobo zokuqhubela phambili imfazwe kunye namadada. INkosana Vseslav Bryachislavich wakhululwa entolongweni waza wamemezela isikhulu saseKiev. Kodwa ulawulo lwakhe aluzange luhlale ixesha elide, kuphela iinyanga ezili-7, kwaye aluzange lenze iziganeko ezibalulekileyo. Izyaslav Yaroslavovich babaleka ePoland emva kokuvukela.

Ukubuyela kwiPolotsk

Ngo-1069, u-Izyaslav, ehlangene nomkhosi wasePoland, wabuyela eKiev. UVseslav Bryachislavich (i-biography emfutshane ichaza ukunyamalala kwakhe ngasese kufuphi neBelgorod) ehamba nomkhosi wakhe ukumhlangabeza, kodwa, ngokungaqiniseki kwamandla akhe, wehla noonyana bakhe ePolotsk. Kodwa nakhona uYizyaslav Yaroslavich wamfica, elahlile etroneni waza wambeka unyana wakhe uMstislav ukuba abe ngukumkani. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza wafa, kwaye indawo yakhe yathathwa enye unyana kaYizaslav, iSvyatopolk. Nangona kunjalo, kakade ngo-1071 uVseslav wakwazi ukuphinda athole iPoltsk. Oku akuzange kube yinto enkulu kuye, kuba abemi beli sixeko babesoloko beyintloko yabo.

Iindlalifa zePrince Polotsky

UVseslav Bryachislavich Polotsky (i-biography emfutshane ayibonakali igama lomfazi wakhe) wakhulisa oonyana abasixhenxe. Kodwa ezinye iimbali-mlando zigxininisa ukuba kukho ezintandathu kubo, kuba uBuris igama elibhaptiziweyo likaRogvolod. Akwazanga ngokucacileyo ukuba yiziphi iinjongo ebezigwebe zona, kodwa i-Polotsk yayinokuhlukaniswa phakathi kweendlalifa zakhe ngexesha lobomi bukaVseslav, emva koko lwahlukana kwiindawo ezixhenxe. Oonyana - Davyd, Gleb, Boris, Roman, Svyatoslav, Rostislav, Rogvolod. Bonke abantwana beentloko bafumana imfundo yobuKristu. UBoris Vseslavich uncedise ekwakhiweni kwamabandla kunye neendwendwe. Ngona onyana abanamfazwe, uGleb Minsky, oye wawahlasela amazwe aseKiee amaxesha amaninzi, wabonisa ukuxhalabisa ngeendwendwe. Ikhathazeke ngokukhethekileyo ne-Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, apho yagqitywa khona.

Indodakazi kaVseslav, uAna, yatshata nomlawuli waseByzantium uAlexius Comnenus. Ubuhlobo obunjalo bobudlelwane bubangele imiphumo ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko kunye nembali.

Iimpawu

Ekuqaleni kokulawula kwakhe, uVseslav Bryachislavich wayenobulungisa, uxolo kunye nabazalwana baseYaroslavich (Izyaslav, Svyatoslav, Vsevolod). Kodwa ngenxa yokungavumelani uVseslav waya empini e-Kievan Rus. IziKronike zichaza ixesha elifihlakeleyo eliphambi kwesi siganeko. Ngowe-1063, uMlambo weVolkhov, ojikelezayo kufuphi neNovogorod, wawuhambisa amanzi ayo iintsuku ezintlanu. Iingqondi zelo xesha zazibona kule nto ibizileyo kwisixeko sazo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimbali-mlando azichasani ukugeleza okuthe ngqo komlambo kwaye akuyicingi nje le ngqungquthela, kuba le nyaniso iyincazelo yesayensi ngokupheleleyo.

Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, isiganeko senzeke kwakhona, sithathwa njengesiqhelo seentlungu. Ebhakabhakeni, inkwenkwezi eqaqambileyo enemibala ebomvu ivuliwe. Ngeveki yavuka ngokuhlwa entshonalanga yaza yakhanya kwada kwasa. Kwiingxelo zibhalwe njenge "inkwenkwezi yegazi". Ababhali beembali kunye nale nyaniso bafumana inkcazelo. Inkwenkwezi ingaba yi- Halley's comet, yonke iminyaka engama-75 isondela kuMhlaba. Le nkwenkwezi efanayo eNgilani yathatyathwa kwi-harbinger yokufa kwasekuhlaleni kukaKumkani Edward iNgcaciso kunye nokuthinjwa kwelizwe nguWilliam uMnqobi.

I-omen yesithathu i-eclipse yelanga. Le nzekayo yemvelo yabonwa njengesibikezelo senhlekelele ezayo.

Ngo-1065, njengoko kwakuchazwe ngabantu abazilumko, ingxaki yenzeke - uVseslav waya empini e-Kievan Rus.

Iziphumo zeBhodi

Ummandla wePolotsk, ngokubonga kwintembeko yemigaqo yempi yaseVseslav, uye wanda kakhulu. I-volosts, eyayiyinxalenye yeqonga ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi elinanye, yayiquka iPoltsk, iVitebsk, iMinsk, i-Orsha, i-Mstislav, i-Lukomlsai, i-Drutskaya, i-Logoiskaya, iSlutskaya kunye nenxalenye yeLibonia.

Ngethuba lokubusa kweVseslav ePolotsk lakhiwa iKathedral yaseSt. Sophia - isikhumbuzo sokudala esakhiwa kwintsimi yeBelarus yanamhlanje, eyasinda kwixesha lethu. Iibhenela ze-cathedral iNkosana Polotsky zifakwe kwiSt. Sophia Cathedral e-Novgorod.

Kukho uluvo lokuba kwiminyaka eyanciphayo uVseslav ngokwakhe wathabatha izithembiso zesiganeko. Ukunyaniseka kwesi siganeko kuyaziwa. Kodwa phakathi kweenkosana zeso sihlandlo kwakunzima kakhulu.

Ukukhankanywa kweVseslav Polotsk kwidoloji

Imfazwe eMlambo iNyamiga, kwakunye nokuthathwa kweVseslav yaseNovgorod, ichazwe kwi-Lay of Igor's Host. Kulo msebenzi umphathi wePolotsk uhanjiswe njengomkhangeli kunye neengcuka. Hayizo zonke iziganeko ezichazwe "kwiLizwi ..." ziqinisekisile kwii-annals.

Ubuntu bePrince Polotsky kunye nokuvukela eKiev kubonakaliswe kwi-epic "Volkh Vseslavich". Isizathu sobugqirha be-Prince Vseslav siphindwa. Imfazwe nenkosikazi yasePolvvtsian Shurukan ichazwe. Ukuze ahlasele eRashiya, wasebenzisa inkululeko eKiev.

INkosana Vseslav yawulawula ixesha elide - iminyaka engama-57. Wafa ukufa kwakhe ngo-1101 waza wangcwatywa ePoltsk.