"Flatiron Building» (Flatiron Building). Intengiso egcwele eManhattan: idilesi, inkcazo

Kuyo nayiphi na sixeko sikhulu enkulu ngokuqinisekileyo solwakhiwo, nto leyo uphawu lakhe. Umzekelo, eParis, oku kungaba ozakuthathwa Eiffel Tower, eMoscow - incwadi yesicelo, kunye New York, ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba neqhayiya nezakhiwo zayo. Enye yazo i "Flatiron Building" eManhattan, nto leyo kuthathwa ukuba isakhiwo eziphakamileyo edumileyo, zakhiwe kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini.

inkcazelo egcwele iphepha

"Esi sakhiwo-yentsimbi" eNew York, nangona ukuphakama yakhe enkulu ezilingana neemitha ezingama-83, yaye imbonakalo emboxo, ikhangeleka kakhulu ezintle. Intengiso egcwele zakhiwe indlela izakhiwo yamandulo kwinkulungwane yokugqibela - ngaphandle izacholo engeyomfuneko zala maxesha. kweendonga zayo kunye noyilo ingaphandle iifestile ilula. Bona Zazihonjiswe umfanekiso-ntathu kunye izivatho kunye uncedo olunzulu. Lo msebenzi wokwakha zinokuhonjiswa ezahlukeneyo izinto ezinkulu ukwenza umdlalo eyodwa izithunzi kunye nokukhanya.

"Flatiron Building" (New York) waba uphawu New Melika, njengoko sakhiwa umbundu inkqubela elizayo zobugcisa nezesayensi.

Ukuba ukusondela isakhiwo engaqhelekanga, ukuze ufumane uluvo lokuba kukho umntu phambi impumlo yakhe enkulu mkhumbi. Iimoto, edlula ngeenxa zonke izakhiwo, ukudala wenkohliso intshukumo egcwele iphepha.

Esi sakhiwo eliphezulu-ukunyuka uye ezingamashumi amabini ananye inwebu, kunye nembono kunayo idlalwa ukusuka amagumbi kwikona kunye namagumbi amaziko. Ukususela Iimbono ezahlukeneyo egcwele iphepha unalo jonga eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Oku kusenokubonakala ngathi ikholam obhityileyo, isikhephe okanye ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza ukuya eludongeni.

Uyilo kunye nokwakhiwa amafu

Ilizwe apho iqhele isakhiwo, ukutshintsha inani elikhulu abanini bazo phambi kwakhe eli ziko wabonakala. Oku wahlala umhlaba ongaphuhliswanga ngenxa yazo zonke iintlobo umahluko phakathi abanini kunye norhulumente. Ngenxa yoko, oko yathi yathengwa George Fuller, yena waye zabelo yeenkampani ezaziwayo-kakuhle ukwakha. Yaba nguye lowo wagqiba ukuba kufuneka avuke esi sakhiwo.

Ingcamango Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kwemilo elingunxantathu enjalo ngenxa yokuba ngaloo mihla Imikhumbi ocean ethandwayo, engumqondiso phambili zobugcisa zenkulungwane lokugqibela. Beautiful and neqhayiya inkangeleko yezi iinqanawa wakhonza nesikunikwayo ukuba umyili kunye injineli Daniel H. Burnham, ezenzelwe kwaye wakha amafu ongathi inqanawe enkulu yamatye. Yena ndoyike yi ngumlawuli we Fuller Inkampani lo msebenzi, kuba yobungcali eyinyaniso intsimi yabo.

Lo abanamakhono waseMelika nako ukusetyenziswa ezinemveliso ngakumbi ekwakhiweni ekwakheni onge indawo ekuhlanganeni kweendlela ezimbini lwezitrato New York. Solutions lomhleli ukwakha "Flatiron Building" imilo engaqhelekanga yonxantathu yaba luncedo kuzo zonke izicwangciso.

Ukwakhiwa kwamaziko yaqala ngo-1901 kwaye yagqitywa kwiminyaka emibini. Nendalo yawo, iteknoloji isakhelo isetyenzisiwe, ngoko ke Building Flatiron na isakhiwo lokuqala multi-ezinemigangatho yakhiwe ngokusekelwe imiqadi yesinyithi. Kuyinto ngenxa kwesi sakhiwo, oko kwakhiwa ngexesha irekhodi enjalo. Okwangoku, abahlali kunye nabatyeleli of New York ungabona isixhobo bokwakha yeyokukhulisa, i gem yokwenene kuloo mzi.

Njengoko eli gama kuvela?

Abakhenkethi abaninzi abeza kwisixeko eManhattan, bezibuza ukuba zithetha ntoni "Flatiron Building". Kubonakala ukuba igama egcwele iphepha in Russian iyalila "intsimbi", bunikwe ukuba isakhiwo nje kwenzeka. Kuzo zonke ngexesha lokwakha, nakhelwe phezu kwephundu ezitalatweni emithathu, oko safumana isiteketiso.

Eyokuqala kwezi yaba kukwakha e Philadelphia, nasemveni kwabonakala eNew York yaye sele ngokuba "Flatiron Building." Nangona zonke ezipaswe ukusukela kwiminyaka yawo yokwakha, isakhiwo iye andilahlekwanga namnye ubungangamsha bayo nomtsalane, ngoko nangoku ebeganga iliso abakhenkethi kwaye igqalwa iqhayiya yokwenene zabemi.

imbali olunye

Kodwa ngoko nangoko emva kokugqitywa amafu iinjineli ezininzi kunye nabakhi wathetha nxamnye zokwakha kakhulu ezibalulekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, enye intathe- kakuhle wendlu yokushicilela bokwakha wathi zokwakha ayithandeki wakha ngaphandle iinzame ukufihla ubungxathu ezinjalo. Ngaphezu koko, uye wagxeka inani elikhulu iifestile sakhiwo.

Noko ke, nakuba loo ezingakhiyo, emva komzuzwana, "Iron House" liye kwakuhlala ngokupheleleyo kubaqeshi, yaye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu yobukho, akwabakho ofisi enye simahla. Ngenxa kule fomu angaqhelekanga amafu, amagumbi ezininzi bekukho ezirentwa amagcisa adumileyo kunye nabanye abameli zehlabathi bohemian. Ngoko Street Fifth Avenue iye yaba yenye yeenkalo ezininzi njengabahloniphekileyo kweso sixeko.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe sakhiwo

Ukuze ngaphezu kokuba isakhiwo kwekhulu yayisetyenziswa kuphela ofisi. Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II ukuba ilawulwa zomkhosi Russian ababenoxanduva US izixhobo wokhuselo yokuthenga.

Intengiso egcwele izihlandlo eziliqela batshintsha abanini. Ngo-2010, isiqingatha kwesakhiwo yathengwa kwinkampani yotyalo Sorgente Group an ngenjongo ukuyenza lethuba kwihotele zodidi. Logama nje ihlala kuphela izicwangciso, njengoko nkampani kuya kufuneka alinde iminyaka emininzi ngakumbi, lo gama nje kubalimi zangoku ukuphela kwekhontrakthi yerenti kwizakhiwo.

nesimo esikhoyo ngoku sokwakha

Okwangoku, amafu kwizindlu Manhattan kwikomkhulu eziliqela beenkampani ezinkulu US, kwakunye nezindlu zokupapasha ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle.

Ukongeza, isakhiwo uthathwa nje kuphela kwiziko ofisi kunye nesakhiwo uthandwayo esixekweni, kodwa enye yezinto nelembali lizwe zifakiwe kwi-US Register National. Ngoko ke, kukho inani elikhulu labakhenkethi eze apha ukuze enze imifanekiso kwimemori Flatiron Building, nto leyo eyenza kube ngakumbi yaye enye izakhiwo zifotwe ehlabathini.

Kwakhona, le egcwele iphepha isoloko isetyenziswa iintengiso kamabonakude kunye bhanya njengoko ngokulula ezaziwa kakhulu uphawu lwe City New York.

anika umdla

Nale nto enxulumene mzuzu omnye kunokuba umdla. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, ecaleni kuye inkitha kwiivenkile wabafazi yokunxiba. Zonke amakhosikazi ixesha, zisiya boutiques, phezu twa enye lesitalato, apho kukho amafu, bezama ukufumana ukuba enye indlela. Kwathi ngenxa yokuba kule ndawo wavuka wengubo amakhosikazi iindonga isakhiwo, ziyahlangana kwi-engile etsolo kwaye yenza okufanayo kwi kwitonela lomoya, ebangela ukungena komoya.

Kakade ke, njengomboniso onjalo legunya ithandwa enkulu phakathi kwamadoda kunye izihlwele ababebukele, rhoqo emsebenzini kufuphi amafu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, esi siganeko kuye kuba yinxalenye yenkcubeko pop, ngoko amakhadi amaninzi asinikezwanga baboniswa kufuphi "Iron House" amabhinqa kunye iilokhwe zabo phezu umoya.

Apho na?

Nabani na oya kuba eNew York yaye unqwenela ukubona ukuba lo isemagqabini lwezakhiwo, uya kuba nako ukuyifumana kuloo dilesi: Street Fifth Avenue, 175.

It ifikeleleka ngendlea metro (kwaye suka ku-23 St) okanye kwiibhasi M1, M5, M3 okanye M2.

Esi sakhiwo efika kuqala liqinisekisiwe iya kwenza ma enkulu nkqu umhambi ephambili.