Aram, Hama: imbali kunye nenkcazo

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ukususela sematheni ukuba kuhla Arab Republic of Aram. Hama - esinye sezixeko sikhulu kweli lizwe, njengoko ntonje embindini media ingqalelo. iziko ngokukrakra umlo saa kulo lonke elimiweyo. Noko ke, esi sixeko samandulo unalo ubutyebi bembali kunye ngaphandle imfazwe yamakhaya yaseSiriya. Ke kwakukho amadabi amanqam, ngamayelenqe, babe ubukhosi yamandulo.

Isixeko samandulo Hama

Rate lidala Hama kunokwenzeka ubuncinane ngenxa yokuba malunga sixeko ekuthethwa ngaye eBhayibhileni. Iguqulwe ukususela mandulo igama Arabic lithetha "inqaba" okanye "inqaba". WokuHlaliswa wokuqala ziphantsi Neolithic. Ethile kwi-1000 yee-BCE kwindawo yesixeko mihla Hama kwakhiwa. Abaseki bayo - Aram aba amandla kakhulu kuMbindi Mpuma. Eli ziko inkcubeko yabo urhulumente ndandiseDamasko kunye Hama. Kamva ke yayisekelwe ubukumkani lakwaKanan ogama ummandla elawula Syria yanamhlanje. Ham nayo eyinkunzi phambili ngokukhawuleza. Ummandla umhlaba utyebe kakhulu, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu ingakumbi amazwe East, apho rhoqo kukho entlango. Ubukho umlambo kuluncedo kuphuhliso lweli phondo.

uphuhliso

Esi sixeko ekwahlukaneni kweendlela zorhwebo ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, apha ke rhoqo zafumba abarhwebi abazizityebi. Akha amakhaya ubunewunewu neetempile. Abaninzi kubo basinda de kwinkulungwane yama-20. Ngexesha Aleksandra Makedonskogo uHam waba into ingqalelo yakhe. Yena wasithimba ke eso sixeko, wayinika igama twist zamaGrike. Ngeli xesha, iphondo yaqala ukukhula. Emva kokuwa ummandla Macedonian yaba phantsi kolawulo yoBukhosi baseByzantium. Noko ke, akazange akwazi ukulawula ummandla ixesha elide. Xa phakathi kwenkulungwane yesi-7 Arabhu wasithimba isixeko uze ubuyele kulo igama yangaphambili.

Ukuqala ukoyisa

Ngenkulungwane ye-12 baqalisa elilandelayo yenkolo, injongo ogama ukuya eSiriya. UHam Crusaders indlela. amajoni iNkosi wathimba idolophu ngo-1108 kunye kwenkulungwane ngayo elawulwa. Eli thuba landisiwe ukuya ushiye uphawu yayo kwimbali olulandelayo. Emva kwenkulungwane phantsi amaKristu reconquered kwiphondo Sultan Saladin. Ukususela ngoko kuye iqalile kukho ekutyaleni esebenzayo ngayo inkcubeko yesintu.

Emva kokoyiswa Saladin uHam kudlule amaxesha amaninzi kwezi emphaya ezahlukeneyo. Kangangethuba elide iphondo Ottoman elawulwa. Ngexesha yeHlabathi yokuQala kwakukho ukulwa kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelele mzi waya Levant. Emva kokuba World Second wambumba geqe-Aram. Ham waya nokubunjwa kwayo. Kwaye waba ngomnye imizi kuphuhliswa.

Hamah, Syria: ingxaki Islamism

Imbali kabuhlungu kunye neenkcubeko kwembambano wadlala indima. E Hama siye bezisoloko amahlelo ezahlukeneyo zonqulo. Ngowe-1982, kuMbindi Mpuma ikhula ngokukhawuleza amandla intshukumo olukhulu "Muslim Brotherhood", nombindi imvukelo uba lakwaHam. Syria ngalo mzuzu ujongene nengxaki enzulu. Xa kwezithandani le mvukelo ukuphosa umkhosi kunye ngabavukeli. ukubetha sesixeko kukhokelele amaxhoba amaninzi. Kwakhona ekulweni ushaya-eyaziwa ilifti - amavili asetyenziswa ukunkcenkceshela. Noko ke, yena wasinda Ibhotwe Qasr neBala.

Sele ngo-2011, eli phondo waphinda wahlasela iziganeko ezibukhali yezopolitiko. Waza waqala Uqhankqalazo anti-urhulumente, nto leyo kungekudala kwakhokelela kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe yamakhaya. Phantse nangoko emva ekuqaleni impi yi uninzi Assad abachasi urhulumente baba Islamists olukhulu. Umbutho abagrogrisi LIH wabathimba zokuhlala eziliqela yaye liqhuba imisebenzi esebenzayo kweli cala. umkhosi izihlandlo Assad kaThixo eziliqela sikwazile ukuzisa a avanyisa ngempumelelo. Noko ke, ekuqaleni 2016 namabutho nangoku ubambe wokhuselo ilukhuni.