Gothic wavuka bokwakha

Rose Window amaninzi ibhekisa ixesha jikelele echaza buyinto zokwakha ezifana njenge window ngeenxa zonke. Amaninzi, kukho ezihonjiswe glass nebala. Igama elithi "Gothic Rose" ngokukhethekileyo eyaziwa ngokuba othandwa kakhulu le ndlela waba nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba yesiGothic bokwakha.

ingcaciso emfutshane

Kuba okokuqala ibinzana elithi "wavuka-window" wabonakala ngenkulungwane XVII yaye enxulumene Gothic window ngeenxa ufumaneka kwi lwefacade ye-Gothic neecawe Romanesque. Eli gama le ndlela bokwakha kubangelwe yokufana "multileaf" iglasi macala kunye zidyojwe i IsiNgesi wavuka, phantsi kwayo, ingakumbi ngexesha asendle ibeke rose intyatyambo.

Rose Gothic bokwakha ngakumbi uphawu isimbo Gothic, kodwa aziphelelanga kuzo. iifestile Round babonakala ekwakheni iitempile, iicawe kunye nezinye izakhiwo kumaxesha amandulo, ngenxa kwiZigaba Aphakathi ingakumbi ngexesha Gothic Imvuselelo. Kungenxa yoko le nto window enkulu ngeenxa zonke imilo sifumaneka kulo lonke ihlabathi izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo, iminyaka kunye nezimbo.

imvelaphi

Iingcambu ngalinye wavuka emva yamaRoma Oculus - isetyhula umngxuma omkhulu, yenzelwe ukuba vumela kuphela ekukhanyeni, kodwa umoya egumbini. I Oculus idumileyo ise yamaRoma yonk 'into ekuthiwa, kumphantsi kakhulu phezulu kwawo. Xa izakhiwo abangamaKristu aseByzantium okuqala ehlabathini Oculus ezisetyenziswa nokuba encotsheni ke uThixo amajukujuku, okanye gables ezisezantsi. ngelitye isakhelo ngeenxa window wabonakala ngamakhoboka, kodwa Ukrainian lunee ntlobo ezinqabileyo esekhona maxesha ethu. Ngokumalunga indlela zejometri rose, yena kakhulu yaphuhliswa kaMosisi yamaRoma.

Izimbo kunye neentlobo

Window-Rose ke iintlobo eziliqela, ekukhoyo kuzo ngabo emine engundoqo:

• Oculus - alula window ngeenxa bengabambelelanga nani. UMZEKELO Roman kela.
• Simple Rose - isangqa kwi iziko, apho ibekwe phezu kungqameko arch ngohlobo iintyatyambo. Umzekelo: "Iliso yiNgqonyela" e Lincoln Cathedral.

• Wheel - window ngeenxa kunye iiasi zazo ziyalingana. Catherine ubizwa ngokuba rose imbeko yaseSt Catherine, ngubani wahlukunyezwa kwivili. Umzekelo: Cathedral ka Lucera, Italy.
• Gothic wavuka - window ngeenxa ne design ezintsonkothileyo, kaninzi ezihonjiswe glass nebala. Imbonakalo kufana a rose evuthuza-ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo: Notre Dame de Paris.

Kakade ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunye nezinye iintlobo roses Gothic, umzekelo, mbhoxo, neefestile okweqanda yobuciko, kodwa ke iintlobo-zikhankanywe ngasentla zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu qho.

ubukhulu window

Ekuqaleni, iifestile ezincinane kwayeka ukusuka Romanesque ukuya Gothic. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, Gothic waphakama baqala ukuba ahlale isithuba ngakumbi nangakumbi kwi lwefacade lwezakhiwo, enika lula izakhiwo ngamatye. Emva kokugqitywa Notre Dame Cathedral , iifestile zibe phantse yinxalenye yale isimbo zokwakha, ngendlela efanayo njengoko iikholam, iifestile enhle kunye enezixhaso eziphaphazelayo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa ne uphuhliso olungaphezulu kolu hlobo rose iifestile odumileyo Notre Dame Cathedral - hayi enkulu screen enjalo, ingakumbi xa kuthelekiswa kunye olungaphambili Chartres okanye St. Denis.

Imbali nokuphuhliswa Gothic Rose

Nangona ngemvelaphi ye-rose-window kugxila Kwamandulo, uhlobo yayo mihla kwaye ukuthandwa iye yazuza Bulelani bokwakha Gothic, ngoko iyavakala ukulandela uphuhliso yale fomu ukusuka kwixesha lokuqala Gothic ukuba usebenzo.

• Early ngalinye lubonakala yi luhlobo elula noko a rose, isakhiwo ivili becala lwamayeza kunye iimilo ecacileyo zejiyometri: izangqa, oonxantathu nezikwere. Le isimbo wayethandwa kakhulu ngexesha Gothic Ukuvuselelwa, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba elula nokusebenza kwalo.
• style High zwe iphawulwa uyilo ephucukileyo a lot of izithuba neembambaniso, ngeemilo ezintsonkothileyo ezintsonkothileyo ezaqanjwa zeglasi nebala. Ukongeza, kwaye kwaqalisa ukuba ukwanda kunye nobungakanani rose, baye baba bekhululwe yonke arch zendlu ezinqamlezayo.
• Flamboyant Gothic luphawulwa iipateni florid efana amadangatye, kungoko igama. Oku kwaboniswa ngokucacileyo kwithuba ukuyilwa ngeenxa zonke iifestile isimbo. Iipateni efana amasebe twine imidiliya kwaye lingqukuva Latin S, ukuhombisa Gothic namabala. Rosa ngenye iyahluka encinane ngeemilo kunye neesayizi zazo.
• Renaissance yayahluke umnqweno vuthululani "grayness" yasemaphakadeni yobumnyama, ngoko phantse zonke izinto Gothic akukho kuphinda asetyenziswa ngononophelo, indawo yi ngumdla. Noko ke, uRose wafumana phambili ngohlobo elula Oculus, maxa wambi wazihombisa lwefacade zezakhiwo kunye uphahla kwexesha Renaissance.
• Yobuciko venture ukutshintsha imilo a rose, ukulima iifestile okweqanda ne design elula tye, ngokufuthi ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle glass nebala.

Bokwakha mihla, le ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela elula lula ka Oculus. Ngaphandle kwe-Gothic Ukuvuselelwa, nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba Art Nouveau Gothic rose waba yohlobo zokwakha kunye lwepaki.

imifuziselo

Ngexesha rose iglasi umfanekiso zezifundo Gothic efafazwe bavame ngoMhla woMgwebo. Gothic sukuma ibekwe ku arch phezu komnyango ngasentshonalanga ukuya etempileni, ezisenokusebenza isizathu ngokukhetha nesihloko, kuba ludonga lasentshonalanga idla elungiselelwe umxholo Umgwebo Wokugqibela.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, rose yaqala ukuvela kwi kwezitulo, apho ubuncinane omnye wabo kwanikezelwa kwi-Virgin Mary. Unxibelelwano Gothic wavuka Yimbonakaliso uMama kaKristu ixhaswa yokuba uMariya udla ngokuba "eyimfihlakalo Rose" yaye bathi ubuntu bakhe - zasendle rose intyatyambo. Nakuba kunjalo, iimpawu ezinjalo wavela ngaphambi kokuba ibhokisi yabizwa ngokuba rose.