I-Windows Boot Manager: yintoni na? Iingcamango ezisisiseko, iimpazamo kunye neendlela zokulungiswa kwazo

Namhlanje bonke abantu basebenza neekhomputhazi bayazi ukuba ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokusebenza, ukusebenzisana phakathi komatshini kunye nomsebenzisi akunakwenzeka. Kuye ngaphandle kokuthi "inkqubo yokusebenza" kufuneka iqalise kuqala, kwaye kuphela ke kuya kukwazi ukusebenzisa yonke imisebenzi yayo. Kule nkalo, ngokukhawuleza umbuzo uvela, uhambelana nenxalenye yeWindows Boot Manger. Yintoni, siya kuzama ukuqonda. Ngelo xesha, makhe sijonge ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo zeephene ezingenzeka ngexesha lokuqalisa.

I-Windows Boot Manager: yintoni na?

Masiqale, mhlawumbi, kunye neziseko. Okokuqala, makhe sijonge kwi-Windows Boot Manager ngokwayo. Yintoni, kulula ukuqikelela, ukuba uguqulela eli binzana ukusuka kwisiNgesi ukuya kwisiRashiya- "Umphathi webhodi ye-Windows".

Ngamanye amazwi, le nkqubo yenkqubo evumela ukuba ulande zonke iinkalo ezifunekayo ze-OS ukuqinisekisa ukuba akusebenzi nje kuphela umsebenzisi kunye nomsebenzisi walo, kodwa kwakhona ukulungelelanisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwazo zonke izinto "zentsimbi" ngokuchongwa kwazo kwangaphambili kunye nokulungiswa kwazo.

Njengomphathi we-Windows Boot (i-Windows 8, 7 okanye 10), aba bootloaders kwi- computer ye- IBM PC iikhompyutheni zikhompyutheni eziqulethwe kwi-BIOS, kwaye zigcinwe kwikhompyutha ye-ROM. Ukuze sikwenze kucacise, siza kujonga imisebenzi esemiselweyo yabaxhasi kwaye sinqume indlela abasebenza ngayo.

Imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ye-Boot Manager Windows 7, 8, 10

Ukuba nabani na ongazi, inkqubo yokusebenza ayikwazi ukulayishwa rhoqo kwi disk ekhuni. Umzekelo olula unokuba yi-OSes ekunxibelelwano apho ukuqaliswa kwazo zonke izixhobo zenkqubo yokusebenza, kwanokuba izikhumbuzo ezingenayo i-drivers, zingenziwa ngethungelwano lwengingqi xa i-OS eyintloko "OS" yiseva ekude.

Ukuba sithetha ngenjongo ephambili yomthwalo kunye nemisebenzi yayo, sinokwazi ngokukhawuleza ukuba xa ikhompyutha iqala oko kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe uhlobo lwe-OS efunwayo (ukuba ngaphezulu kwesinye ifakwe), ukuzisa izinto "zentsimbi" ze-terminal ukuya kwimeko efunekayo ukuqala, ukulayisha i-kernel kwinkqubo enkulu kwimemori (I-RAM), kwaye kwimeko yokuqala phezu kwenethiwekhi - kwisixhobo seROM, yenza iiparitha eziphambili zekernel, ize idlulisele ulawulo lwenkqubo kuyo.

Iintlobo zabaxhasi

Namhlanje, kukho iindidi ezimbalwa zeenkqubo zokulawula umphathi weenkqubo . Umzekelo, ukwenzela inethiwekhi "iinkqubo zokusebenza" ezisekelwe kwiWindows NT, le nkonzo ye-NTLDR (i-kernel loader), ngokwenene, i-Windows Boot Manager ngokwayo (i-bootloader yekernel kwinkqubo, ngokuqala ngeVista, njenge-winload.exe kunye ne-bootmgr.exe), iLILO Ii-Linux kernels), i-BootX (i-boot loader yeenkqubo ze-Mac OS X), i-SILO (esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zeSolaris kunye nenkxaso ye-SPARC yokuxhasa izakhiwo), iBootman (umphathi we-BeOS), njl njl.

Ekubeni siqwalasela i-Windows OS, i-Boot Manager (mhlawumbi iqondakalayo) inxibelelana nenkqubo yebhodi kungekhona kwinqanaba le-hardware ye-BIOS, kodwa kwakhona kwiifayile zenkqubo. Umzekelo, indlela yokuqalisa yeenkqubo zokusebenza kunye neeparitha ezithile ezisisiseko ziqulethwe kwifayile eyaziwayo ye boot.ini ifayile (isiqalo sokuqalisa).

Ukukhuphela iimpazamo

Ngelishwa, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iimeko apho umthwalo, ukubeka ngokukhawuleza, "izimpukane". Impazamo eqhelekileyo yinkinga yokuqaliswa kwayo (umyalezo ofana ne-Windows Boot Manager Manager boot failed).

Kwezinye iimeko, unokubona imilayezo efana ne-BOOTMGR icinezelwe okanye i-BOOTMGR ayifani kunye nesiphakamiso sokuqalisa kwakhona ngokusebenzisa inqanaba eliqhelekileyo leCtrl + Alt Del Del.

Iindlela ezilula zokulungiswa

Ngoku masibone into enokuyenza ukuze silungise imeko enjalo engathandekiyo.

Ngoko, sinesiphelo seMphathi we-Windows Boot. Yintoni enokuyenza kule meko? Okokuqala, ungasebenzisa iindlela ezilula ukubuyisela i-bootloader. Kwinguqu elula, unokuqala ukuqala kwi CD yofakelo kunye nenkqubo okanye sebenzisa into efana neCD Live.

Apha, kufuneka uhambe kwi-console kwaye ukhethe ukuqala ukubuyiswa kwenkqubo kunye nesalathisi esilandelayo sekhawu lokukhangela. Ukuba oku akuzange kusebenze, kwikhonsoli enye, khetha i-partition boot recovery. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngokukodwa, ukuba i-glitches idibene nenxalenye yesofthiwe, kwaye ingekho ngomonakalo ngokomzimba kwi-hard drive, inceda.

Ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki zivela ngenxa yokuba idiski yenkqubo idityaniswe ukugcina indawo, engacetyiswayo nonke. Kule meko, emva kokukhuphela kwi-CD efanayo ye-Live, iya ku- "Explorer", kwaye ngoko kwiipropati zesahlulo senkqubo, susa "intaka" kwiparameter yoxinzelelo, uze ukhethe umgca womyalelo kwimenyu ye-console, kwaye emva koko uya kufuneka ufake imithetho emininzi.

Ukuba i-drive drive iyachongwa yileta "C", umyalelo uya kubonakala njengale: c:, kwandula ukwandisa i-bootmgr temp, uze usebenzise i-bootmgr -s -r -h, ngoku i-bootmgr, ngoku i-bootmgr ye-temp temp, kwaye ekugqibeleni ubeka i-bootmgr -a + s + R + h.

Emva komyalelo ngamnye, njengoko sele uqondwa, iqhosha lokufaka ucinezela. Iziphumo zale miyalelo zinikezelwa ngokuthe ngqo kumsebenzisi oqhelekileyo, njengoko zithi, musa ukulayisha umchopho. Kwanele ukuba basebenze babuye babuyisele umthwalo.

Ukuba le nto ayinakunceda, sisebenzisa iindlela zekhadiyali ngendlela ye-bootrec.exe / FixMbr, bootrec.exe / FixBoot kunye ne-bootrec.exe / RebuildBcd. Kodwa le ndlela ilungele ukusebenzisa kuphela ukuba zonke ezi ngasentla azizange zincede.

Isiphelo

Apha, eqinisweni, nayo yonke into engachazwa ngokufutshane malunga nokuba yiMphathi we-Windows Boot. Yintoni le, umfundi mhlawumbi wacaca emva kokufunda izinto. Ngokwemvelo, iingxaki kunye neziphene, kunye neendlela zokuzilungisa, zinokuba ngaphezu kokuchazwe kweli nqaku, nangona kunjalo, eziqhelekileyo zichazwe. Ekugqibeleni, ndifuna ukubeka ingqalelo kubasebenzisi kwithuba apho ukuba ngenxa yeso sizathu indawo yokuqala ye-drive yonakalisiwe okanye inkqubo yefowuni "iinkqubo zokusebenza" isusiwe (ewe, kukho njalo), kwiimeko ezininzi akukho ndlela zilapha ziza kunceda. Siza kufuneka sivavanye i-hard drive, okanye sibuyise kwakhona inkqubo kwakhona.