Iinzuzo iintsapho ezinkulu; ingakumbi intlawulo, imali kunye namaxwebhu

Namhlanje, le ngxaki ungxamisekileyo ngokunxulumene iintsapho ezinkulu ke imeko yemali. Le nto yafunyanwa ngenxa yomntu elibonakalisa ukuba-79 ekhulwini amakhaya ekuye abafuna uncedo zohlobo eziphathekayo, 13 ekhulwini wagqiba ukuphendula, kwaye ziipesenti ezisixhenxe kuphela kubonisiwe imeko yabo sizinzile. Ziziphi iingenelo babemiselwe iintsapho ezinkulu? Indlela yokuphucula le meko namhlanje? Yintoni oyenzayo izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo karhulumente?

Enjani intsapho enkulu?

Ngaphambi kokuhlolisisa iinzuzo iintsapho ezinkulu, uyacebiswa ukuba kusekho ngawaphi iintsapho ukuba ngokusesikweni abantwana abaninzi. Ngenxa yoko, ngokungqinelana ne ummiselo nguMongameli Russian Federation № 431 "On amanyathelo zenkxaso yoluntu iintsapho kunye nabantwana abaninzi, 'utoliko yentsapho enkulu akukho esekwe yi-mthetho federal. Lo mbuzo idla kugqitywa ngabasemagunyeni aphezulu malunga amazinga Russian Federation.

Intsapho enkulu ngomlinganiselo omkhulu ngokwemiqathango kwimimandla inokuchazwa njengentsapho, apho kukho umntwana ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu ngaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Kulo mzekelo,-akhawunti kufuneka kuthathwe obamkele njengabakho, babeza nje zisuka.

Iinzuzo iintsapho ezinkulu

Abazali abanikezela amvelisele abantwana ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yintoni iingenelo zibekwa iintsapho ezinkulu. Yinto ithuba omkhulu ukugcina ngokunciphisa inkcitho. Kwakhona namhlanje, abantwana abaninzi bayakwazi ukusebenzisa nezinye iingenelo, phakathi kwabo - nophuhliso lwenkcubeko amalungu entsapho ezingephi, ukuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa. Hi ndlela leyi, eMoscow, ukongeza imithetho kwinqanaba federal kwaye abeke imithetho ezongezelelweyo ukuzithethelela i iingenelo ngaphezu yoguqulelo eqhelekileyo. Uxwebhu ezingundoqo, nto leyo umisela isibonelelo iintsapho ezinkulu kunye nezinye iintlawulo efakwe Moscow City inombolo Umthetho 60 ukusuka 23.11.2005 "Xa Inkxaso kwezentlalo iintsapho kunye nabantwana kwisixeko eMoscow." Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukongeza ukuba amaxesha ngamaxesha umthetho maqumrhu karhulumente ukwenza ezinye iinguqu kunye nezongezelelo, ngoko kubalulekile ukwazi malunga nokuqulethwe inguqulelo yokugqibela yeTshata ye-xwebhu.

Inkqubo ukuqinisekisa iinzuzo amalungelo

Phambi kokuba urhulumente wenza imisebenzi ethile ngendlela abamkeli mali kunye Ihlawula Amancedo babeka iintsapho ezinkulu, ukusuka wesibini ufuna isiqinisekiso ngokusesikweni amalungelo kwezi ntlawulo. Ukuze usebenzise le imbuyekezo efanelekileyo kunye neenzuzo, kuyimfuneko ukuba bafumane isatifikethi yentsapho enkulu. Oku kunokwenziwa eMoscow. A Inkqubo kunikezelo nokwamkelwa kwamaxwebhu ezinjalo ugqitywa isigqibo Government of eMoscow ukususela ngoJuni 29, 2010 № 539-PP.

Zeziphi iintlawulo kulo mba?

Ziziphi iingenelo kwiintsapho ezinkulu namhlanje bangalahlekelwa ngokufaneleka kwabo? Njengoko sele kutshiwo ngentla apha, abahlali eMoscow iingenelo ezininzi ngaphezu abantu abahlala kwezinye iindawo. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokubhekiselele kwintlawulo izinto ezifanayo. Ngenxa yoko, uncedo kwisixa ukuya engange 522 ngenyanga wabeka iintsapho abakhulisa abantwana abathathu okanye abane. Ukuba abantwana, urhulumente uhlawula kubo 1044 engange. Ezi mali zasetyenziselwa ukuhlawula indawo yokuhlala kunye eziluncedo. Ukongeza, xa kuzalwa usana kurhulumente inika intlawulo ngexesha elinye-mali ka-14 500 engange.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izibonelelo iintsapho ezinkulu nazo ziquka imbuyekezo bendyebo ngokunxulumene neendleko impahla yabathengi, lingana ne ukuya 675 engange ngenyanga. Hi ndlela leyi, imali enikwa ngurhulumente ukuba umntwana ngamnye ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3 ubudala. Ngaphezu koko, iintsapho ezinkulu wabeka imbuyekezo neentlawulo ukunyuka kweendleko zokuphila ngokubanzi. ubukhulu wayo engange 600 kumntwana ngamnye ngenyanga nganye ngokuphathelele iintsapho kunye nabantwana abathathu okanye abane. Ukuba kukho ngaphezu koko imbuyekezo efanelekileyo luyanda ukuya 750 engange. Kubalulekile ke ifuthe ezibanjiswe kuphela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu ubudala, kodwa ke kwimeko uqeqesho lwabo eneminyaka bexesha elizeleyo yaye ukufikelela ebudaleni.

Ezinye iintlawulo umyalelo

Ukongeza izinto ezidweliswe ngasentla urhulumente uhlawula iinzuzo ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3 iintsapho ezinkulu esifikelela engange 2,500 kumntwana ngamnye. Ngokumalunga abantwana kwezinye izigaba, ngokuxhomekeka kwisixa se 1,500 engange, kodwa kuphela xa ngongeniselo epheleleyo usapho ayidluli ubuncinane subsistence umntu ngamnye.

Ukongeza, urhulumente uhlawula ngakwicala iintsapho ezinkulu engange-230 ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa ngomnxeba. 5000 engange ngayo sibhekiswe iindleko zonyaka ezinxulumene ngqo ne ekuqaleni konyaka wesikolo, ngenxa yokuba wonke umntwana kufuneka athenge kuwa iimpahla, izihlangu, izinto zesikolo, njalo-njalo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba uxhomekeke intlawulo yenyanga malunga nokuthengwa kwempahla abantwana imali engange-900 ukuba bahlale kwintsapho abantwana ezintlanu okanye ngaphezulu ezincinane kurhulumente. Hi ndlela leyi, oku kusebenza kwiintsapho kunye nabantwana ubuncinane ezilishumi, ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni ubuncinane omnye wabo - umntwana.

Yintoni enye?

Ukongeza kwezo zibonelelo, ezidweliswe kwizahluko ezidlulileyo, urhulumente walathisa isibonelelo umntwana iintsapho ezinkulu, owanyusa oonyana abalishumi okanye ngaphezulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana ngamnye sele attained the age of abantwana elinesithandathu; akhawunti omnye 750 engange ngenyanga. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba, kwimeko yemfundo yomntwana ebudaleni yexesha elizeleyo luyanda iminyaka engama-23. Ukongeza, izibonelelo usapho zibandakanya ukunikezelwa yokuhamba simahla kwizithuthi zikawonke ukuba bonke abantwana kunye nomzali omnye. Hi ndlela leyi, kungekudala-arhente karhulumente afanelekileyo uceba ukulungiselela ukuthuthwa simahla abazali bobabini. Cool, akunjalo na?

Yintoni iintsapho eRashiya singamahlwempu?

Ngomhla kummandla Russian Federation ingqalelo ukuba usapho elinengeniso esezantsi, ingeniso iyonke wahlulelene ngawo onke amalungu alo, i sum of ngaphantsi kwenqanaba lokuphila ubuncinane. Kungenxa yoko le nto isibonelelo malunga amahlwempu Ndinokuwabala phantse zonke iintsapho ingeniso iphantsi ngokwaneleyo. Ngaloo ndlela, ukusuka kurhulumente mali mali zithunyelwa ngamaxesha kwezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• Iintsapho ezingaphelelanga kunye nomzali omnye.
• iintsapho ezinkulu, ekukhuliseni abantwana abathathu okanye ngaphezulu.
• Zalisa iintsapho amanqanaba imivuzo iphantsi kakhulu.
• Iintsapho abasebenzi zomkhosi.

Loluphi uhlobo lwentlawulo ngenxa amahlwempu?

Ngamaxesha athile, urhulumente uhlawula iinzuzo ukuya kwezo ntsapho zinengeniso esezantsi nabantwana abaninzi ukuthenga imveliso ubisi yokutya kubantwana imali engange 775 ngenyanga nganye. Ukongeza, urhulumente ithatha unonophelo lwako okunesondlo koomama abakhulelweyo ntsapho zinengeniso esezantsi, kwakunye nabanyisayo nabantwana ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emithathu. Ngoko ke, ngenyanga nganye ukusuka mali karhulumente wathumela 454 engange amabhinqa, ababhaliswe kumaziko zonyango ngezizathu yokukhulelwa. mame zinikwa intlawulo mali ka-508 engange, nabantwana ukuya kunyaka omnye kufumana 231 engange. Abantwana efanayo ukususela kunyaka omnye ukuya kwiminyaka emibini wathumela 184 engange, kwaye ukusuka kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu - 238.

amaxwebhu anxulumene

Namhlanje, ukuze akhuphe ngenyanga benefit umntwana, kufuneka sifumane enye amaxwebhu ngokuhambelana luhlu lulandelayo:

• Ingxelo ebhaliweyo sokuqeshwa yenkxaso yomntwana, enikwe qho ngenyanga.
• Isiqinisekiso basingqinela ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana okanye abantwana abaninzi.
• Zokundwendwela nganye nabazali, kwakunye iikopi.
• Uncedo, ivuma ukwakhiwa usapho emzini wakhe. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba umntwana uhlala nabazali bakhe okanye omnye umzali.
• Ngokumalunga oomama abangatshatanga kufuneka isiqinisekiso esivela zincwadi, wabulawa ngokungqinelana imilo inombolo 25.
• Certificate eqinisekisa ukufaneleka yokufundisa abantwana ukusuka kwiminyaka eli-16 ngendlela enye okanye kwelinye iziko lemfundo.
• Amaxwebhu ngokunikela ubungqina iqondo lolwalamano.
• Amaxwebhu ebonisa ingeniso yosapho kwinyanga ezintathu.
• Ikopi lamapasi.
• iziqinisekiso inshorensi Pension abantwana kunye nabazali.

Olu luhlu lwamaxwebhu iyafuneka kungeniswa kwabasemagunyeni abachaphazelekayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho kwakhona uxwebhu olongezelelweyo, ntetho leyo ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo le meko.