Imizimba - yintoni na le nto? Ngawaphi amalungu yaye zahluke njani?

Yintoni na ngabasemagunyeni? Lo mbuzo angalandela iimpendulo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Fumanisa ukuba kwenkcazo ilizwi, ziziphi iinkalo isetyenziselwe.

Abasemagunyeni - it ... Definition

Igama edidayo kwaye esetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi. Ukususela ngokombono abasemagunyeni ekunene - imibutho, amaziko ukwenza imisebenzi ethile kunye nemisebenzi ebomini yoluntu. Isikakhulu kwikota ifumaneka eziphilayo, ebonisa inxenye ophilileyo umzimba - izilwanyana, izityalo, ngundo okanye umntu ukuba enze imisebenzi ethile.

Ukuba ukhangela, zonke iingcaciso, nangona bevela iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zobomi, iimpawu ezifanayo. Bona kufutshane ixabiso wesithathu, apho izidumbu - na imipu, izixhobo, izixhobo. Kwaye izinto eziphilayo esemthethweni yeGunya iyinxalenye yenkqubo, unxulumano eye imisebenzi yalo kunye nemisebenzi. Oko kukuthi, ukuba yindlela ukuba bazuze iziphumo zawo.

Kwinkqubo ilungu lomzimba womntu into engaphiliyo esixhasa ubomi bethu. Kwinkqubo karhulumente ndoda imela iqumrhu ebandakanya abantu abaliqela ababandakanyekayo ubomi yoluntu. Igama ligama indawo emzimbeni? Ntonye "isixhobo" mhlawumbi khulu.

izilawuli

Isakhiwo, leyo elawula nasiphi na isigaba, ubizwa ngokuba umzimba lolawulo. Mhlawumbi ujonge kurhulumente, uluntu, amashishini. Kwiimeko ezininzi, imibutho zahlulwe ezinkulu nezincinane. Kwezorhwebo umzimba okuphatha abe, umzekelo, ibhodi yabalawuli, ukuba yinkampani joint-stock.

Oorhulumente karhulumente zimelwe ngamaziko ahlukeneyo kunye nemibutho ukuze ezithile (Ministry of Internal Affairs, uMongameli we-Russian Federation, kunye nabanye.) Okanye jikelele, ezifana kweNkonzo Federal njalo njalo. D. Bonke bephela yohlulwe ephezulu, ephantsi, endawo, wombuso, yase kanye Central, ezahlukeneyo kwi ubungakanani impembelelo yayo.

izixhobo State kumazwe ahlukeneyo zingafani kubume. Kuxhomekeke uhlobo lorhulumente (neNgonyama, kwiRiphabliki njalo njalo. D.), Isigqibo sokwahlulwa (idemokhrasi, lozwilakhe, njalo njalo. D.), Icandelo yezopolitiko-lwengingqi lizwe (ukuzimela, Unitarianism, njalo njalo. D.). Eyona oqhelekileyo bonke ubukho ulawulo nokunyanzeliswa.

Kulo mba, imizimba ephakamileyo - nomphathi (umongameli, umlawuli), iijaji (Ephakamileyo, embindini, iinkundla ezisezantsi), yowiso-mthetho (ipalamente, i Duma, shura) ngamandla. Kumazwe zobusoshiyali yileyo, bahlukene kwi iinkundla, ofisi yomtshutshisi, amagunya kunye nabasemagunyeni karhulumente.

womzimba jikelele

Animal Kingdom iquka iintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo, kuquka abantu. imizimba yazo yahlukile ngokuxhomekeke kwiqela ukuba loluphi, kodwa kukho ukufana. iinkqubo zomzimba anokufumaneka izilwanyana:

• Musculoskeletal.
• Ukudla.
• Excretory.
• Nokwadala.
• Luvo.
• Ukuphefumla.
• Ngeso lenyama.
• Omzimba.

Ukuntsonkotha ubume ukunyuka zomzimba ukusuka asezantsi ukuya uluntu eziphezulu. Umzekelo, ibizezamandulo kwi flatworms yayo isakhiwo azinayo iingalo, imilenze, iinyawo, izifo, imithambo, ngokungafaniyo izilwanyana.

Ngaphandle koku, nkqu eziphilayo ezininzi abangekaphuhli abasoloko excretory, wokudla, izihlunu, inkqubo zokuzala, kufuneka ukuba imisebenzi esisiseko: ukutyetyiswa, intshukumo, kunye nokuzala.

Ngenxa phambili kwiqela elinegunya inani iinkqubo kunye nemibutho yabo, imisebenzi ukunyuka. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, iintshulube musculoskeletal zimelwe izihlunu eziliqela, xa ezanyisayo xa ithe yaba inkqubo oluntsonkothileyo amathambo, izihlunu kunye nemisipha. Xa iintaka, oko zincediswe amaphiko ayo, intlanzi - amaphiko.

Common kwizilwanyana ezininzi izivamvo, ukuba thaca iindlela emehlweni, ivumba, nokuva, incasa, ulungelelwano. Banceda ukukhangela isithuba, ilumkisa nxamnye ingozi, ukuncokola, ukuba baqaphele ukutya kunye nezinye izinto.

Ingakumbi amalungu animal

Indlela yobomi yokuhlala izinto eziphilayo lubonakala kubume ngaphandle kunye nezo ziphuma ngaphakathi. Abanye baye benziwa amalungu athile, ezithi zahlule evela kwamanye amaqela zezilwanyana.

Xa misinga ezincinane phezu kwentloko zeenyoka ezo ezenza banoxanduva Ubhaqo ubushushu. Enkosi kubo, izirhubuluzi ngokulula ukufumana ixhoba ezinegazi elishushu, nkqu ebumnyameni ngokupheleleyo. Ezirhubuluzayo yokuphila nokuphuhlisa ubuchule babo ukuze bazive lokungcangcazela kukuba nje ukubhitya kakhulu kwezinye izilwanyana.

imizimba ezizodwa ozakuthathwa yesinye, nto leyo azisonti a web. Loo isixhobo kuphela ukuba izigcawu kunye centipedes centipede. Ngoncedo wesakhiwo web izilwanyana emgodini, ukubamba ukutya, cocoons inkosi amaqanda.

Iintlanzi babe amalungu aliqela ezithile. Ukuphefumla uninzi lwabo basebenzisa iimpumlo zabo, amaphiko ukuze lokuqubha. Xa iintlanzi bony abe isinye qubha, evumela na kwi ubunzulu efunekayo, ngaphandle wayetshona ukuya ezantsi kwaye kwetha ngaphezulu.

imizimba yabantu

Le ndoda ikulo lwemigangatho yabasemagunyeni isilwanyana ihlelwa ezincancisayo kanye oda obeku-. Systems of imizimba yawo ziyafana kuzo zonke lomqolo. Kwaye ke umsebenzi kunye nolwakhiwo umzimba ngeendlela ezininzi ezifana izilwanyana. Uhlobo omkhulu mihla abantu - Homo sapiens - ezi bangafani Afrika kunye gorilla. Baye akufani ingaphantsi kwe-10% ye zofuzo.

Sekunjalo kubume besebe kunye umntu wahlukile kwiinkawu. Ngokomzekelo, omnye amalungu zethu eziphambili - yomqolo, ngokumila egosogoso yeleta S, ukuba aphambuke entanyeni kunye umva. ithambo zangasese wamnika ngaphezu koko of "izalamane ezikufutshane" zethu, yaye iingalo kunye nemilenze ziyanatyiswa.

Nasesithupheni phezu Isandla soluntu esiphikisana ngokupheleleyo ukuya kwenye, kodwa iinyawo zakhe lo mqondiso yanyamalala. Xa iinkawu, ukuba babekho kude kube ngoku. Ngenxa ezihamba bipedal emzimbeni wethu yahlukile indawo ezinye izihlunu kunye nemisipha. Ubuchopho mkhulu kakhulu ubungakanani umzimba efanayo bangafani. Zaqala iinwele (oku nemizimba) abe mbalwa.

isiphelo

Izidumbu ziyingxenye isakhiwo ecacileyo okanye indlela. Ngamnye kubo wenza imisebenzi ethile kunye nemisebenzi. Eli gama lisetyenziswa amaxabiso eziliqela. Obizwa ngokuba kwibhunga lolawulo kwinkqubo yorhwebo, uluntu okanye likarhulumente, kwaye yinxalenye yomzimba ophilileyo.