Kwezivumelwano Ukugcinwa kwi lombutho:-sikhokelo zolawulo, ixesha

izivumelwano Storage ezinxulumene neengxaki ezithile. Ngokukodwa, kwezinye iimeko ezinzima kakhulu ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi uhlobo athethwa isixhobo esithile, ukuba sikugcine njani, phantsi kwaziphi iimeko, ukuze abatshabalalise, njalo njalo ngayo. Zonke ezi zinto ilawulwa ngumthetho, kodwa ngenxa yokuba omnye kwaye isivumelwano efanayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kungafuna ngamaxesha yokugcina ezahlukeneyo, basoloko zonke iintlobo iingxaki, kungacaci, njalo-njalo. Ukuqonda konke oku kuyimfuneko, nangona kusenokuba olukhohlisayo. Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba kwimeko iimfuno non-mthetho kwiindawo ezifana kwezivumelwano yokugcina kwindawo yogcino, ulawulo ngxelo nje zakuba lilize, kodwa ziyingozi ngokwemiqathango isohlwayo kunokwenzeka okanye isohlwayo.

Kutheni ukugcina?

Le mvumelwano iya ngawo onke amaxesha kufumaneka nje kuphela ngexesha yezenzo zabo; kodwa kamva. Kusenokufuneka ezinye inkcukacha, lokubonakala kwezo maxwebhu, ezinye data eya kufuna ulawulo, njalo-njalo. iimpikiswano ezininzi, nto leyo lidla kulo yokuba elinye okanye elinye icala ngokunganyanisekanga oluhambelana ukuzalisekisa iimfanelo zalo ingabhekiswa kusetyenziswa isivumelwano njengoko ngaphandle kwenkundla kunye ngokusesikweni enkundleni. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuqwalasela ukuba kungenzeka ekuqhubeni zophicotho lamathuba ezithile, nto leyo iya kuphunyezwa ngamaqumrhu zokusuphavayiza karhulumente. Baya ungacela amaxwebhu ixesha elithile, kwaye ukuba kwezivumelwano yokugcina kwintlangano, ixesha yenkxwaleko yabo, kunye neminye imisebenzi efanayo iyenziwa ngokungachanekanga, ixhomekeke bahlawuliswe qatha kakhulu. Ngokwendalo, into yokuqala iza kuba ityala iinkokheli, kodwa emva kokuba imeko leyo izinze, umthetheli ngokuyimfuneko khumbula ukuba ngubani na ityala, waba iingxaki ngaphandle emsi. Leyo ikhontrakthi kunye nawaphi na amanye amaxwebhu aya kugcinwa ixesha elimiselweyo ngokungqongqo. Iinkampani ezininzi ngokubanzi ukhetha ukwandisa rhoqo yokugcina, akukho nto ukutshabalalisa ukuze wokuziphepha kunokwenzeka, kunokuba wenze impazamo uze ngalo imiphumo.

umthetho

kwezivumelwano ukugcina umbutho uMthetho uchaza kakhulu ngokucacileyo, ukuba ngaba uthathe ingqalelo yokuba akusoloko kusenzeka ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo le okanye elo xwebhu. Ngokubanzi, izivumelwano ngqo umthetho eyahlukileyo lo, ukuba kucacisiwe kuluhlu jikelele lwamaxwebhu standard nogcino (okanye ulawulo amaxwebhu agciniweyo), apho kwasekwa inkqubo ukusebenza lemibutho, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, urhulumente wengingqi njalo njalo. Zombini iinketho libala kokubini kunye nolawulo kunye namaxwebhu njengesiqhelo, evunywe yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeNkcubeko kunye Ubunzima loNxibelelwano ye-Russian Federation. Uhlobo enokuthanani amaxwebhu olawulo, sine nani 558 ukusuka 25.08.2010 konyaka, kwaye udidi lwesibini - № 1182 ukususela 31.07.2007 ngonyaka. Bawafundisise la maxwebhu kuyacetyiswa kakhulu, kodwa kungcono ikheswa inkqubo yokufunda bona kanye abo amaphepha, asetyenziswa kwiziko elithile kwaye siyahambelana kwindawo ethile yoxanduva. Izintlu yolwazi eninzi ukukhumbula yonke, kodwa ukuba ubone into amaxwebhu koko isicelo nendlela kangakanani igcinwe, mhlawumbi, izivumelwano zokugcina kuya kuba lula yaye lula kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, lonke iphepha esetyenziswa kuhlawulwa ngamanqaku 3-4, ukufunda ngokweenkcukacha oko kunzima kangaka.

iintlobo ezahlukeneyo

Lisebenzisa iinkqubo ezimbini eziphambili izivumelwano yokungcola ulondolozo yabo. Ngoko ke, inkqubo ubuncinane eqhelekileyo ubopheleleke ezikhabhathini. Anikezele elifutshane, ixesha elide kunye nokugcinwa isigxina. Ukhetho lokuqala ibandakanya isivumelwano isithuba seminyaka ukuya ku-10. Okwesibini - ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-10. Esisigxina amaninzi isetyenziswa kuphela xa musa ukubatshabalalisa kuba uxwebhu maxa onke. Le nkqubo ayikho elula kakhulu. kwezivumelwano Ukugcinwa archive, apho amagama ichazwa ngale ndlela, kukhokelela ukudideka neempazamo kunokuba usiza ukubeka inkqubo nokugcinwa kweerekhodi. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo eqhelekileyo ukubophelela uhlobo contract. amashishini abaninzi baya kuza iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili: iprofayili, indlu kunye nabasebenzi. I yokuqala neyesibini ukuze becala ezifanayo, kwaye ke idla zigcinwe kuphela iminyaka emihlanu. Kuyabonakala ukuba phantsi iprofayile ibhekisela zonke iimvumelwano yaye onke amaxwebhu anxulumene ngqo amasimi engundoqo umsebenzi lo mbutho. Okwesithathu, uhlobo izivumelwano zengqesho, kwiimeko ezininzi, kananjalo zigcinwa iminyaka emi-5 kuphela ubudala, kodwa ke kwiimeko ezithile, eli thuba ukuze ukwandisa kakhulu. Umzekelo, ukuba akukho akhawunti, kuya kufuneka ke isivumelwano enjalo ukuze kugcinwe njengoko 75 iminyaka, nto leyo elula kakhulu. Eneneni, ukuba akufuni ingakumbi ukuya ngxaki, kungaba lokungavinjwa umda lokugcinwa engama-5 kwaye ulibale ngale ngxaki. Kodwa meko kungenzeka ukuba ukuphoswa ezinye izinto ezinokuthi kwandisa ixesha apho izivumelwano nogcino ifomathi efanayo kufuneka linegunya, yaye loo nto xa ungakwazi ukuqinisekisa isohlwayo okanye ezinye iinkathazo, leyo azame ukuphepha nawuphi na umntu sane.

Dlulisa kwindawo yokugcina

Inkqubo sokudluliselwa iimvumelwano imali kwindawo yogcino, imiqathango kuzo sele liphelile, ukuze ziyohluka ngokuxhomekeka kwinkampani. Kwezinye iimeko, abasebenzi ukubopha nje uxwebhu omnye komnye baze bafakwe kwikona emnyama, egqalwa yomlando. Kodwa ukusuka kwenye inkampani yonke inkqubo kungachazwa ngokucacileyo kwi usebenziso lwamaxwebhu eqhelekileyo, iya kunika umntu onoxanduva fayile, okanye nkqu imithetho nokuhlelwa esikhethekileyo nokufakwa, ngena njalo-njalo. Zombini zeenketho ekhululekile, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Umzekelo, okokuqala inkampani efanelekileyo encinane imali nemadlana. Akusayi kuba amaxwebhu ezininzi, ukuba unako lula ungasoloko ufumana zonke kwikona enye mnyama. Kodwa ke wesibini, athi imeko leyo ixhomisa amehlo nefanele ngamazwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inani elikhulu labaqeshwa, kwaye nje umele ukuba ngandlel 'akazange kutshona xwebhu. Umthetho oqhelekileyo, nto leyo izivumelwano ezahlukeneyo yokugcina lombutho naluphi na uhlobo kobunini, lixesha yokudlulisela yokugcina. Njengomgaqo, abasebenzi kufuneka uthumele amaxwebhu de ixesha elithile, kungakhathaliseki xa okunene babaleke baphume amanyathelo ixesha. Kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo, ngathi kumphati kwenzeka ekuqaleni konyaka. Oko kukuthi, nokuba isivumelwano yaphela ngoFebruwari, baya kufuneka ukuba ulinde de kunyaka ozayo ukuze wayifaka yokugcina.

imbubhiso

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, nje ngokuba awukwazi kutshabalalisa sivumelwano. Okokuqala kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba ngokwenene ngexesha elifanelekileyo. siye kuphela ke kutshabalalisa eli xwebhu. Kodwa ezi zenzo ngokufuthi yingozi imiphumo yaso, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba isininzi abasebenzi bakhetha ukuba babe kuphela kunye nenkokheli izohlwayo. Kubonakala ngathi le nto: umsebenzi waqokelela isampulu onke amaxwebhu esele ngaphandle xesha okanye eza kubugqiba. izivumelwano Ukugcinwa kwi kwisityalo, kungakuhle yakhiwe ukuze le nkqubo isampulu zange bathabatha ixesha elide. Emva koko, esekelwe kuluhlu efunyenweyo, iingxelo zolawulo wenza, uxwebhu kusayinwe, bafaka, nalapho ke kuphela, xa konke oku kwenziwa, iqala inkqubo wentshabalalo kwezivumelwano ngqo kunye nezinye izibambiso ezifanayo. kwezivumelwano Ukugcinwa kwindawo yogcino rhoqo - hayi simse, ingakumbi ekubeni ezinye iinkampani bade ukuphatha ukuba ingenze ucacelwe kancinci, wayebanika ukuba ri njalo njalo.

UMZEKELO ukurekhoda inkqubo yokugcina

Ukuze siqonde ngcono zonke iimpawu kunye iingongoma eziphambili msebenzi kunokubangela ngendlela elula kakhulu umzekelo zokuhamba yokugcina amaxwebhu mbutho. Ngoko ke, kukho ilungu labasebenzi, ngokuqhelekileyo umntu evela kubasebenzi accounting, nenoxanduva kugcino kwezivumelwano kunye bakhi, okanye naziphi na ezinye izibambiso ezifanayo. Kuye kwifolda eyahlukileyo apho kuhlala de isenzo. Kamsinya nje ivaliwe imvumelwano, oko kwatshintsha kwifolda eyahlukileyo. Kuya kuba lula ukuba irejista ekhethekileyo nge-elektroniki, apho la maxwebhu zidweliswe ukuze, ebonisa ixesha lokugcina. Kodwa kuqala, eli xesha kufuneka ichazwe. Kungcono usebenzise ulawulo kuwo onke amasebe, ngendlela enye okanye ngenye into enxulumene isivumelwano, ukuze baqonde ngcono ubuntu babo. Ngamava imfuneko amanyathelo uya kunyamalala. Emva koko, kanye xa basusa imela oko ngamnye amaxwebhu zigximfizwe isigcini eziphathekayo. Kwezinye iimeko oku kuya kuba lula ukucacisa isivumelwano kunye nomhla wokuvala, priplyusovyvaya iminyaka 5 (okanye ngaphezulu) ukuchana xa lephepha kutshatyalaliswa. Enyanisweni, nokuba ekuqaleni lombutho inkqubo Imbambano nzima kakhulu, kodwa emva kokuba ukusetyenziswa elide ngayo uza kuba ngakumbi lula ngakumbi. Xa izivumelwano yokugcina entlanganweni, leyo ukutshatyalaliswa wobomi sele sivunyiwe, uya zifane, inkqubo yonke iza kuhamba ngemizuzu. Kwaye ngoko ke unyaka xa unako ukutshabalalisa amaxwebhu ezithile. Bona uzakususwa kulawulo, kabini-zitshekishwe ukuba iimpazamo kunokwenzeka yaye, kunye noluhlu lwezi maphepha, ingeniswe kumphathi. Yena, ke, kwakhona kufuneka uhlole ukuba bonke njengoko kucacisiwe kuluhlu, njengoko iya kuhlala intloko enetyala xa iingxaki. Ukuba yonke into ilungile, imvume intloko esayiniweyo ukutshabalalisa kwaye kulapho wonke iza ubukrelekrele babo. Ubani eqwenga nje abaphose. Abanye basebenzisa shredder. Abanye bahlala phezu doti, aqhumisele njalo njalo.

Xa siyigcine iqala

Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu, kuba kuphakamisa ezininzi iimpazamo nayo. izivumelwano Ukugcinwa kwi kwishishini of Belarus okanye Russian Federation kulo mzekelo, ncam, kwaye iqala ngalo mzuzu xa kunyaka omtsha iqala, apho uxwebhu ethile akukho azisasebenzi. Umzekelo, kukho isivumelwano, eyaphelela ngoJulayi 15, 2010. Kubalulekile ukugcina iminyaka emi-5, kodwa ayikwazi Abazitshabalalisa July 15, 2015, yaye ekuqaleni 2016. Oko kukuthi, ingxelo waya 01.01.2011, hayi ukusuka kwinyanga yesixhenxe kunyaka odlulileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukwenzela ukunciphisa naliphi na ithuba isiphoso, ezidityaniswe kwikota 1 kunyaka kuchaziwe ngaphambili. Kwaye kuphela emva kokuba sele iwupasisile, inkqubo intshabalalo iqala.

Iimpawu yokugcina

Ngokubanzi, kukho iingcebiso ezithile kuyo zinokujongeka kwaye basebenze yokugcina ngayo. Ngokusesikweni, ugcino izivumelwano ubutyala, iintlawulo zabakhi, izivumelwano yabasebenzi yaye loo maxwebhu efanayo kufuneka ibe kwindawo engena umoya kwaye kufuneka owomileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ezi amaphepha ezibekwe ngecala ezishelifini (vula okanye closed). Ukuba basonta iifom ingxelo ngokungqongqo okanye amaxwebhu eziphawulwe "imfihlelo yorhwebo", oko ifanele ibe isefu ezikhethekileyo langoku. Enyanisweni, akukho bani na ngenene ukukhangela le ngongoma, ngenxa yokuba lo isiphakamiso ukubona ukuba ishishini inzuzo. Undoqo Ilula kakhulu; ukuba anithanga Makangohlwaywa kwindlela yogcino ngokwayo, ukuba ngokungabi izibambiso, ezidingekayo rhoqo ukuze babethwe. Kwaye ukuba kukho umkhukula, okanye amaxwebhu aya kutshatyalaliswa ngayo nayiphi na enye indlela efanayo, ityala lo kuphela yinkampani ethile.

Uxanduva kunye nabadlali

uxanduva zamabanga aphantsi konke okungena izivumelwano yokugcina woba yintloko mbutho. Yena uya kuba lowo phambi zeengxaki uxanduva kurhulumente kunye ubunzima kuzo zonke iingxaki kunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu koko, elandela emva kwakhe, oko idla ngokuba lokuqinisekisa oyintloko, igqwetha kwaye umqeshwa onoxanduva ulondolozo lwamaxwebhu. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo, bonke abantu abanjalo baya kohlwaywa sele amabombo ngobungakanani imposiso ezenziwa ngabo. Enyanisweni, uninzi imibutho omncinane kwinkqubo yokubeka esweni izivumelwano amanga kwisebe accounting. Kwaye kule mali ophambili kwisebe okanye amisele ezabo, okanye ivoti jikelele, umntu othile ophetheyo. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu ufumana ukunyuka encinane ekumvuzeni, ekufuneka imbuyekezo isixa esongezelelweyo umsebenzi, kodwa kaninzi, indawo yokugqibela ngoyaba nje, ngokugxininisa yokunqongophala kwemali okanye ezinye izinto ezifana. Kwiimeko ezininzi ezinqabileyo, kuba noxanduva lokugcina amaxwebhu ngokubanzi, kwaye kwiimvumelwano ezithile, izenzo igqwetha. Kodwa akukho lula kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba lo mntu oya kujongana ikhontrakthi kuphela, kwaye ezinye yamaphepha wasebenzisa ukwazi ngokupheleleyo. lula ngakumbi xa kukho umntu ongatshatanga inxaxheba kweli phephancwadi. Kuya kuba inembe kakhulu aze angabi bugs encinane embi efana oku kungenza abanye abasebenzi.

ngenxa

kwezivumelwano Ukugcinwa eminhlanganweni lwenziwa ngenxa yokuthobela ngokupheleleyo nayo yonke imiqathango yomthetho. Oku luyimfuneko, leyo uthathe kuyo zonke iingxaki lweshishini. Kulo mzekelo, i bokuqonda ezincinane, imithetho, obhaliso kunye namaxwebhu anxulumene zinokwahluka ukusuka ngokuqinileyo ukuya ngokuqinileyo. Umntu engundoqo onoxanduva kuthathwa ukuba anilawule, kodwa yena ngokwakhe akanako angadlulisela lo mzuzu omnye umntu. Oku kuya kulungiselela umsebenzi yolawulo, kodwa akuwususi ukusuka ubunzulu uxanduva iimpazamo kunokwenzeka. Yiloo nto ke umsebenzi Kuyathenjwa ukuba ukusebenza kunye namaxwebhu ezikoovimba, kufuneka sibe noxanduva yaye baqonde kakuhle imisebenzi yabo ukuze afumane imali yokwenene, kunokuba umbulelo ngomlomo, njengoko ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukwandisa umthwalo ngaphandle kwembuyekezo wayo mali ezongezelelweyo ukuze ahlawule.