Indlela ukugqiba violin ubukhulu. Ubukhulu violin ubudala

iiklasi umntwana kwi School of Music isoloko ifuna abanye abazali podkovannosti ekukhetheni isixhobo somculo. Xa kufika ixesha lokuba ukuya evenkileni, umbuzo wokuqala leyo wakhuliswa ngabazali: "Ingaba isigqibo njani ubungakanani violin?"

Kakade ke, kukho ukhetho win-win - khetha isixhobo kunye notitshala. Uya kuba nako ukuvavanya violin kwiinkalo zonke kwaye akhethe ezona thaca kwi window, ngenxa yokuba izixhobo mveliso nokuba laliphakathi ingahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabo. Noko ke, le ithuba ayisoloko kwenzeka, kwaye ke abazali kufuneka ulungise kancinane kwi ithiyori, kuba nguwe kanye njengoko kunzima njengoko kubonakala.

lwesigama

ubukhulu violin ngeesentimitha ziyahluka ukusuka umthengisi ukuya umthengisi, oku kusebenza zombini-mveliso kunye izixhobo onobu bugcisa, kodwa kukho imigangatho yehlabathi, ngoko ufuna apha ukuba ingalo umlawuli okanye yokulinganisa tape. Ke kaloku, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, makhe sikhangele kwi ingqiqo ka "isiqingatha", "Quarter", "lonke", njalo njalo. D. Siphela ekuthiwa ivayolin 4/4 (kwiikota ezine), lo violin omdala. Izixhobo, ezincinane, ebizwa, umzekelo, "isiqingatha" (oko kukuthi, isiqingatha okanye 1/2 yonke ..), "Quarter" - 1/4 "eighths" - 1/8. Ezi got izihloko baqhele besuka umculo, ngokulandelelana, yonke, isiqingatha, kwikota kunye yesibhozo, kodwa ubukhulu eziphakathi ezinjalo lweziqhulo nje ifunyenwe.

Njengoko opredeleit ubukhulu ivayolin

Ukuze ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi na ubukhulu ivayolin, kufuneka umlinganiselo oko ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Ubude kweziphothe (intloko) ukuya kumazantsi kumgangatho (ngaphandle iqhosha, isabelo iqhotyoshelwe apha podgrifnik).
2. Ubude emagxeni (inxalenye apho entanyeni ukuya kwicala ekupheleni elingasemva ivayolin) ukuya ezantsi kumgangatho (ngaphandle ubude 'isithende "bakhonza ezisemva kwindawo apho intamo kanga nge kumgangatho).

Ezi imilinganiselo kwakhona ukubona ubungakanani violin:

• ratio ye-60 cm / 35 cm ingqamana lonke violin;
• 57,2 cm / 34,4 cm - 7/8 ubungakanani;
• 53,3 cm / 33 cm - 3/4;
• 52 cm / 31,7 cm - 1/2 ubungakanani;
• 48,25 cm / 28 cm - 1/4 ubungakanani;
• 43 cm / 25 cm - 1/8;
• 40,6 cm / 22.9 cm - Isayizi 1/10;
• 36.8 cm / 20,3 cm - 1/16 ubukhulu;
• 32 cm / 19 cm - ubukhulu 1/32.

Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ngamanye amaxesha umahluko ubukhulu kangangoko violin, abanye abenzi okanye iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukufikelela neesentimitha ezimbini. Kodwa ububanzi kumgangatho akukho xabiso kwaye iphawuleka nje kuphela amagcisa ezahlukeneyo, kodwa phakathi imifuziselo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo mveliso badla phinda olinganise naziphi violin zamagcisa eyaziwa, ezifana Stradivari kunye Guarneri.

Ubukhulu violin ubudala

Ngamnye data umfundi zingachaphazela ubungakanani eyayifuneka violin ezweni elibanzi, ecaleni ezincinane. Maxa wambi, nkqu nomntu omdala unako, ngenxa yokuba inkangeleko, ukudlala ivayolin 7/8, kodwa umthetho, umntwana kufuneka yevayolin singatshintshwa qho kwiminyaka emi-2.

Imbalelwano ubungakanani itheyibhile / ubudala

Sikunika itafile ngawo ungenza kalukhuni ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubudala kunxibelelana violin ethile ubukhulu:

• 1/32 - ukususela kunyaka-1 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3.
• 1/16 - ukususela kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5.
• 1/10 - 4-5 iminyaka.
• 1/8 - 4-6 iminyaka.
• 1/4 - 5-7 iminyaka.
• 1/2 - 7-9 iminyaka.
• 3/4 - 9-12 yeminyaka.
• 7/8 - 11 ubudala kunye nabantu abadala ngezandla ezincinane.
• 4/4 - 11-12 iminyaka kunye nabantu abadala.

Kufuneka Makukhunjulwe ukuba isilinganiso esinjalo ungahluka.

Ukuba unguye ababusi, umntwana uye

Nakuba kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba ukukhetha ubukhulu ivayolin elifanelekileyo lokuba umntwana, kungekhona ukwenza imilinganiselo echanekileyo, kukho indlela lula kakhulu. Kuyimfuneko ukuba mvumi oselula isandla sakhe sasekhohlo kancinane ecaleni, ngaphandle abahluza, waza wabeka ivayolin egxalabeni lakhe lasekhohlo. Ukuba ubukhulu ingqamana ivayolin, intloko yakhe (curl) ziya kuba kanye embindini entendeni kunye iminwe zilingane curl ngaphandle uhlobo.

Ngoko ke kufuneka benze ukuba nako phambi kokuba uthenge abonisane kunye notitshala, okanye ukuba umntwana lowo ezinye iimpawu (ezifana aphezulu okanye kakhulu encinane iminyaka yakhe).

shintsho

Ngoko ke, ukuba baqonde indlela umntwana likhule ngaphandle ivayolin yakhe? Kwanele nyaka ngamnye ukwenza okubi elula, ngasentla. Ukuba Violin intloko isekelwe nxamnye phezulu entendeni yesandla sakho, okanye kanye brush - lixesha ukudlulela yobungakanani emikhulu.

Ootitshala ukwabelana uthengise nezixhobo phakathi kwabafundi zabo, nto leyo eyingenelo kakhulu. Ukongezelela, kwezinye zocweyo kukho umkhwa onjalo, xa bathe bathenga utshintsho ivayolin kunye eyongeziweyo kwi W o omkhulu, nto leyo nayo lula kakhulu, ngoko musa ukucinga ukuba umtya imfundo yomntwana ezinxulumene neendleko ezinkulu. Imarike ngoku ivele inani elikhulu kwezixhobo Chinese, ixesha elo ke elingenakuba entle kakhulu, kodwa cheap.

Kukho enye into: ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba violin ngakumbi kancinane kunokuba kufuneka. Noko ekuthiwa-ubungakanani eliphakathi, ingakumbi ubukhulu 7/8, kuba, ngokuxhomekeke isantya sokukhula komntwana, esi sixhobo iza kufuna utshintsho sele emva kweenyanga 3-9.

Noko ke, kukho into yesibini: idlala ivayolin encinci lula, ngoko musa ukuthatha ivayolin for zobungakanani ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezinkulu. iziphumo ezifanayo ezandleni kwiitheminali kunye uhlobo engaphephekiyo phezu izihlunu. Mhlawumbi ukuba ngandlel 'kugwetyelwa, ukuba umntwana ukwenza ekhaya kunqabile ukuba okanye hayi kwaphela ababandakanyekayo. Ngoko ke zilungiselele ukuba ugcine phezu isixhobo ngokuthenga ukuba 'lokukhula "Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umntwana a nenzondo epheleleyo kwingqesho, ngokuba ezihambelanayo kuphela abe nazo rhoqo, kodwa intlungu (ekuhambeni kwexesha). Ucinga ukuba kubalulekile ukugcina xa imarike isixhobo somculo yi uluhlu olubanzi iimodeli isiphelo esezantsi, unako ifune ngokwahlukahlukana oomasifundisane violin.

Kukholelwa ukuba ubukhulu ivayolin ezincinane izandi kubi ukuzola ngaphezu yonke. Kwiimeko ezininzi oku kuyinyaniso, kunjalo, usebenza kuphela izixhobo mveliso. iivenkile ezininzi wenze ubungakanani ivayolin elungileyo 7/8, akukho ezahlukeneyo ngendlela obuphantsi, ngoko ukuba izandla ezincinane, akukho mfuneko 'ukulwa "kunye yonke ivayolin, ngoku unalo ithuba lokukhetha uhlobo ikhonsati ubukhulu eliphakathi.

Imibuzo malunga nezaphetha

Ukukhetha isaphetha - wesibini, kodwa akukho msebenzi ubalulekileyo kangako. Too isaphetha short ekugqibeleni kukhokelela terminal engqondweni nokudinwa kakhulu esandleni sasekunene (umfundi ngethuku lemvelo uya baninyanzela intshukumo, esazi ukuba isaphetha lifutshane). isaphetha elide kakhulu naye, kodwa ukuba awukwazi ukufumana ubukhulu ekunene, ukuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo "yokukhula", kodwa awufani kakhulu, yaye oko kufuneka kuvunyelwane kunye notitshala. Ukongeza, kufuneka kube nzima kakhulu isaphetha yomfundi. Ekukhetheni okubi nga asichaphazeli nje kuphela kuqulunqo izandla, kodwa kwezempilo yomfundi.

Indlela ukukhetha isaphetha ethile

Imilinganiselo violin Uwa ngokuxhomekeke kwimithetho efanayo njengoko ubungakanani isixhobo ngokwayo.

Xa ukhetha kwakhona ukunceda umgca, kodwa ngoku beza imilinganiselo umfundi. Ubude ingalo esixhantini ukuba iwotshi - esisiqinisekiso kulo mbandela, kodwa asimele silibale ukuba oku kusebenza kuphela kubantwana, abantu abadala badlala isaphetha 4/4:

• 1/32 - ngaphantsi kwe 35.5 cm;
• 1/16 - 35.5 cm;
• 1/10 - 38 cm;
• 1/8 - 42 cm;
• 1/4 - 45,7-47 cm;
• 1/2 - 50,8 cm;
• 3/4 - 54,6-56 cm;
• 7/8 - 56 cm kunye ezandla amancinci;
• 4/4 - 58 cm kunye nangaphezulu.

Ngaphezu koko, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngaphantsi ngokuchanileyo ukumisela ubukhulu efanelekileyo practice. Kufuneka ubeke isaphetha kumtya ekupheleni yasentla, ngengqiniba kufuneka ibe uxinezeleko-free kuzityeneneza. Ukuba ubukhulu incinane, isandla sokunene abayi unbend ekupheleni, yaye ukuba mkhulu - ngesandla sokunene niya ngasemva kwakhe, ngokungasingisi ekupheleni yesaphetha.

Kutheni kubalulekile ukukhetha ubukhulu ekunene?

Ukuba into encinane okanye enkulu, kubonakala zixazalala, kodwa akukho ngaphezulu. Kodwa ezikhethiweyo kakuhle ubungakanani ivayolin - inyathelo lokuqala ekufundeni Ubuciko enzima, kuba ukuba oko kuya kuba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi nxamnye nelo libekwe kade, umfundi uya kuba nzima kungekuphela nje ukugcina ntetho ngokuchanekileyo izandla, kodwa ukuqonda oko.

Zonke izenzo umdlalo kufuneka aziswe ukuzenzekela, yaye oko akubangeli ukuqaleka, nto leyo eya kumnqabela yena wamonayo pick up isixhobo.