Classicism lomculo

Kwiinkulungwane 17-19 kwi nenkcubeko kwamazwe aseYurophu ukubuyisela style yimikhuba ziphikisana ezimbejembeje kuphuma classicism engqongqo lale. imigaqo yalo engundoqo enjongo ikukudala ofanelekileyo, ecacileyo, ngokusengqiqweni epheleleyo-gingxi imisebenzi yobugcisa. Classicism umculo izise izinto ezintsha ezinxulumene nomxholo kunye nefomu imisebenzi. Xa eli xesha kumqambi bafikelele iintlobo imfezeko ezifana Sonata, symphony kunye opera.

A revolution eyinyaniso umculo yaba yotshintsho ka K. Gluck, evakalisa iimfuno ezintathu ezisisiseko kuba imisebenzi: inyaniso, bayancokola kunye lula. Kwiinzame ukubonisa abaphulaphuli ngakumbi ingqiqo olufikelelekayo imisebenzi enzima, kuba ucoca zonke amanqaku ezingeyomfuneko "iziphumo": nezacholo, tremolo, zingaba. Eyona nto kujoliswe kwi ukubhengezwa umfanekiso ubume zemibongo, ukuqonda amava engaphakathi ophambili. Classicism umculo kakhulu ngokucacileyo watyhila opera K. Gluck kaThixo "Orpheus kunye Eurydice". Lo msebenzi, ebhalwe ngokungqinelana nezimvo ezintsha, aphawula ukuqala kuphuculo ngasentla.

Classicism umculo ifikelela incopho yayo kwisiqingatha sesibini ngenkulungwane ye-18. Ngeli xesha e Vienna yobuciko bazizikhulu zazo yehlabathi Abaqambi abadumileyo Yozef Gaydn, Ludwig van uBeethoven noWolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Ujoliso lomsebenzi wakhe, ukuba ahlawule uhlobo Symphonic. Yozef Gaydn ithathwa ukuba abe nguyise yomculo weentambula weklasiki kwaye ngunozala orchestra. Yaba nguye lowo ichazwe imithetho ezisisiseko, ekufuneka esekelwe kuphuhliso symphony, elasekwa umyalelo ubeko ipatishini, ubanika ujongo igqityiwe kwaye wafumana ifomu efanelekileyo ukulungiselela ukufezekisa umxholo ngokunzulu imisebenzi olu hlobo - kane. Classicism umculo kwaye iseke uhlobo olutsha zenxalenye ezintathu Sonata. Nokudala ezibhaliweyo kule fomu, zingcakacile amanene ezifunyenwe elula, phumla, amandla, umhlaba injabulo nentshiseko.

Uphuhliso ngakumbi imisebenzi Sonata-Symphonic sele imisebenzi onjengokaMozart. Le mvumi kakuhle awaziwayo intanda Vienna, sisakhela phezu kwalo impumelelo Haydn, wabhala inani opera emele inkcubeko owayephila zexabiso elikhulu: "The Magic nelembande", "Don Giovanni", "Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro" kunye nabanye.

ixesha Classical lwabonakala imisebenzi umqambi enkulu LV UBeethoven - era omkhulu symphony umqambi yakhe. imisebenzi yakhe enkulu-isikali, esekwe phantsi kwempembelelo iziganeko olululo xesha, yongezwe bokubanga yomzabalazo, idrama kunye ubuqhawe enkulu. Babebonakala ibhekiswe lonke uluntu. Ludwig van uBeethoven ngumdali inani mnyakazo Symphonic ( "Coriolanus," "Egmont"), ngamashumi amathathu anesibini sonatas nepiyano, iikonsathi ezintlanu ipiyano kunye okhestra kunye neminye imisebenzi emikhulu-scale. Kwiincwadi zakhe ubonisa hero ngenkalipho yaye uyakuthanda, sazi kunye fighter, nto leyo bokubanga semvelo kakhulu, ngexesha elifanayo wayeqhelene dreaminess lyrical. Umculo classic uBeethoven zigqityiwe uphuhliso yakhe, wemka ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo wa kwephupha imvisiswano ngokutyumzayo enengqondo.