Izithuthi eziliqela yabantwana: uluhlu, inkcazo kunye neempawu

Iindlela zothutho ngenxa yoonyana - a echulumancisayo, esinomdla isihloko, wazisa yokuhlelwa kwazo, nto leyo ithetha iimpawu kunye nenjongo kweentlobo nganye. Umsebenzi abazali okanye ootitshala - hayi nje ukuthetha, kodwa ukubethelela ulwazi efunyenwe ngokusebenzisa ezahlukeneyo imidlalo.

Kutheni abantwana kufuneka ukwazi izithuthi

Kwinkqubela phambili epheleleyo abantwana umntu omaziyo ndawonye nehlabathi. Unomdla mibuzo abantwana: Yintoni izithuthi, yintoni na abantu. Ukufumana enkulisa nge kucalulo yothutho ubanika ulwazi olutsha malunga neentlobo ezahlukileyo, iimpawu zabo, injongo, yaye zityebisa isigama, umisela ligama "zothutho". Ukongeza, uviwo ngokweenkcukacha lo mxholo ikuvumela ukuba bafunde oku kulandelayo:

• ukuba bathelekise iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi, kubalulekile ukuba abantwana bakwazi ukufumana iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye abalasele;
• ukuhlanganisa kubo ibe zizathu ndingatshatanga iqela lokuhlela;
• ufunde imithetho yokuziphatha iintlobo zezithuthi.

Study izinto ezintsha kunegalelo ekwakhiweni kunye neempawu kwabantwana zabasakhasayo: criticality, uxanduva, ukuphuhlisa indlela yokucinga, inkumbulo, isantya reaction, lengqondo.

ngezigaba izithuthi

Zonke iinqwelo zihlelwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo: indlela yokuhamba ekuyiwa.

Ngendlela efanayo ezi ntlobo zilandelayo intshukumo:

• Ground - motion kwenzeka kuphela xa umhlaba okanye ngololiwe (ibhasi, ibhasi, uloliwe);
• amanzi - lihamba ngolwandle okanye emlanjeni (inqanawa, isikhephe, iyangena);
• Aviation - luphaphazela emoyeni (moya, ntaka).

Ngokutsho injongo ntlobo zilandelayo zezithuthi:

• umkhweli - yokuthutha abantu, ngokumhlangula kwindawo echanekileyo (ibhasi, amanzi ibhasi, moya);
• cartage - ukuthwala imithwalo ezahlukeneyo (wagon iyangena);
• ezikhethekileyo - ezisetyenziswa kwimisebenzi ethile, yafakelwa izixhobo professional (truck umlilo, inqwelo yezigulana, imoto yamapolisa);
• zezolimo - isetyenziswe ekulungisweni yelizwe olimekayo, ukuvuna kunye umsebenzi ofanayo (iiteletele, ihlanganisa).

Iimpawu zezithuthi komhlaba

izithuthi Land ethwala yezithuthi emhlabeni ngoncedo namavili, neentsimbi, iingoma isilwanyana. Mhlawumbi umkhweli, impahla okanye ezizodwa. Kuyimfuneko ukukhankanya indlela zilandelayo engundoqo zothutho abantwana:

• Bus - ithwala abakhweli, wabanikela kwindawo efunekayo kuloo mzi, kukho hambo engqongqo kunye neendawo ezikhethekileyo ima, apho Ukusungula kunye behle abantu. Yenza iibhasi umsebenzi netroli efanayo tram, eziya kwahluka ibhasi ongavelisi zisebenzisa ipetroli kunye nombane, ukongeza, tram ubaleka onezi.
• Uloliwe - izithuthi kaloliwe, oshukunyiswa izithuthi ezihamba kwimizila, kunokuba zombini umkhweli kunye kwempahla, ekuqhubeni zothutho phakathi kwiidolophu neelali.
• truck Fire - esetyenziswayo ukucima umlilo, baxhotyiswa kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa, ngumqondiso ephilileyo, siluleka abanye abaqhubi yokusondela yayo.
• Ambulance - esilungiselelwe ukuthutha abantu abagulayo, inawo onke izixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze isigulane esibhedlele zikwimo eyanelisayo. Njengoko ilori lomlilo okhethekileyo ezidanyazayo ukukhanya alam elivakalayo, esazisa ukuba yezigulana Marathon.
• imoto yamapolisa - isetyenziswe ukuba balihambahambe iindlela, ubambisa mthetho. Le umatshini mayixhotyiswe injini enamandla, ukuvumela ukuba baphuhlise mawundithamsanqele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna.
• Truck - yenzelwe ukuthutha iimpahla ezahlukeneyo: ukutya, ukwakhiwa, indlu kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ingaba yellow Nezinto ezidanyazayo, esithi imoto uthwele umthwalo yingozi.

Zothutho komhlaba kunye, umzekelo, Metro ulihlangula abakhweli ukuya kwiindawo zabo ibhasi okanye nokuhamba.

Features izithuthi amanzi

Ukuqwalasela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi, kuba abantwana baya kuba umdla kunye namanzi, ihamba elwandle, ichibi okanye umlambo. Kanye komhlaba, le traffic umkhweli nabemithwalo:

• Boat - ukuba ukuthutha abantu khona okanye isetyenziswe njengendawo isikhephe uyolo phezu komlambo, familiarizing abahlali kunye namabala ebukekayo indawo yamanzi. Steamboat unawo umsebenzi ofanayo naleyo lomkhombe, umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi nkundla are iinkcukacha.
• Boat - engafani injongo: isetyenziswe njengendawo inqanawa nokusindisa lokuhlola ichibi, zeehambo.
• Iyangena - zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha abantu nemithwalo eyahlukeneyo. It luphawulwa lula, isantya of delivery, ngobuchule.

izithuthi Air, iimpawu zayo

Air izithuthi inikezela intshukumo emoyeni, ngexesha inye ukuthwala abakhweli, imithwalo, bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yohlangulo okanye zokucima umlilo ehlathini. Eyona umdla zezi ntlobo zilandelayo zezithuthi ngabantwana:

• Lo moya - kuxhomekeke kubungakanani kunye nenjongo, oko ukwenza iindidi imisebenzi: ukuthutha abantu kunye iindidi zemithwalo, kwada amasimi, babeka umlilo ehlathini, ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwemfazwe.
• Ntaka - liphuma emoyeni ngokusebenzisa iincakuba ezizodwa bomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo ukuze spin. Olu hlobo zothutho unokuba umkhweli, umthwalo okanye emkhosini.
• Indiza - osemqoka uphuhliso ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu kwaye ukwanda kwe umphakamo encinane, zisetyenziselwa kwezokhenketho, imisebenzi nokuhlangula, ukuba balihambahambe ndawo.

Imidlalo yabantwana

Ukuze ukhumbule ngcono iintlobo zezithuthi abantwana kufuneka alungiselele iintlobo imidlalo, phakathi esingasinceda ukuba ukhankanye oku kulandelayo:

• Riddles - kunceda ukubalaselisa iimpawu ezikhethekileyo, hlela izithuthi, ukongeza, ukuphuhlisa ingqiqo zokucinga kunye nobuchule.
• Umdlalo mobile "Fumana indlu yam" - abantwana baqatshelwa amakhadi kunye naluphi na uhlobo lwesithuthi azimisele kubo izindlu: Air - phantsi Airfield - igaraji, amanzi - pier. Umsebenzi abantwana pre-school - emva kokuba uphawu ukuvuka kufuphi isiseko oyifunayo.
• Puzzle - iziqwenga encinane umfanekiso moya, uloliwe, ibhasi, isikhephe - engumxube, abantwana ziyakhuthazwa ukuba ukufumana izinto ofuna ukuqokelela umfanekiso uze uxele ukuba eboniswa, nesetyenziswa.
• Umdlalo "Iintlobo zezithuthi". Ngokuba abantwana walungisa ezahlukeneyo iindima - abakhweli, umqhubi, umthetheli, umqhubi. iinkokeli Iinkundla ngoku ekuzuzeni abakhweli umsebenzi kabani ibonisa ukuziphatha ezifanelekileyo nezingafanelekanga ebhasini, isikhephe okanye inqwelomoya.

Ngaloo ndlela, ukufumana ulwazi malunga iindlela zothutho, abantwana bafunda iimpawu zabo, iimpawu, aqhelane imithetho yokuziphatha kuzo, ukutyebisa isigama sabo.