Iiseshoni unyango kwintetho nomntwana kwiminyaka 3-4 ubudala. Ukulungiswa leziphene intetho

Abantwana abaneziphene zvukoproiznosheniya ukunyuka kakhulu kule minyaka yakutsha nje. Kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, umfanekiso waba ezahlukeneyo. Eyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo - kweli burr, ubugqwetha, siyiguqulela okanye yokutsiba ezo kunzima ukubiza. Ezi ntlobo yeziphene zithathwa wobulali zibizwa dislatsiya. Kulula kakhulu utshintsho eklasini owayendifundisa ukuthetha.

Kodwa kukho iinguqulelo nobunzima kakhulu ukuphazamiseka yokuthetha. Izizathu ilala izilonda esembindini zabo luvo inkqubo, apho kukho iingxaki kunye nokusebenza eqhelekileyo ulwimi, okanye yonke emhlathini asezantsi. ezo ziphene alungiswe kakhulu, nzima kakhulu. Ngelo xesha, esithi nomsondlo kunye amakhwelo izandi, umntwana isihange ngaphandle ulwimi lwakhe phakathi kwamazinyo akhe, kutheni endaweni ngekhwelo isandi ngaphandle isandi "f" ( "mafyna" - endaweni "umatshini"). Kuyinto kakhulu pronunciation okuqhelekileyo engachanekanga izandi 'p "(guttural okanye ukungabikho kwayo). Njengomgaqo, baqale unyango kwintetho iiseshini kunye nomntwana iminyaka 3-4, maxa wambi ngaphambili.

Uhlobo ukuphazamiseka unyango kwintetho

iziphene Complex kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi - ezifana ezosulelayo izifo unina ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukonzakala ukuzalwa okanye hypoxia Palsy. Ukuba umntwana uzelwe kamva ibikade ukugula kakhulu, ukuba umphumo ube kwegazi ngumonakalo kwalapho kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iziphene intetho.

Izizathu isebenza overbite, kwaye umthombo izifo ezithile (umzekelo, umqala "p") akwazi ukuba ngisho bexelisa usana umntu evela abadala, naye ogqwetha kuyo. Ukongeza, umntwana ukukopisha nabalinganiswa ikhathuni mihla, yingozi kakhulu kuphuhliso.

Nokubhala luxhomekeke ngqo kwi amagama. Kungenxa yoko le nto abazali zonke enkulisa kufuneka nikunyamekele iziphene intetho wosana ziyalungiswa ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ingxaki isenokuba kulala ekungakwazini abazali ukubona iziphene kwintetho abantwana. Kukholelwa ukuba naziphi Isipha itakane lebhokhwe, kwaye iza kudlula ngokwalo.

Nini ukuba ukhathazeke

Kodwa ke amaxesha amaninzi ngaphandle iiseshoni rhoqo owayendifundisa ukuthetha ayikwazi ukukwenza. Ukuba iinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo usana angabi nako ukwenza ingeyanto amazwi athile, okanye umntwana oneminyaka emibini cishe akukho kukhankanywa owayendifundisa ukuthetha kungenzeka ukuba kuyimfuneko. Iiseshoni unyango kwintetho Izicwangciso abazali ngobulumko olwenziwa kwangaphambili, kuthathelwa ingqalelo uphuhliso yomntwana.

Wonke therapist umntwana ukusebenza ngabanye. Ukusekwa kwe ngesandi esinye, ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka phakathi kweeseshoni ezimbalwa. Ukuba kukho izinxaxhi ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso, baye kwiiseshoni unyango kwintetho nalo ixesha elide.

Kuyenzeka ukuba unobangela zokuphula iqinisiwe kakhulu ulwimi frenulum, akukho ngexesha elifanayo organic izilonda. Ke ekhaya kufuneka enze ne wosana imithambo yakhe, elula. Izifundo owayendifundisa ukuthetha enokukunceda kulo.

nomzali - isiseko sento yonke

Ngokufuthi, le ntsapho iye yagqiba ekubeni ukuthetha ezininzi kunye nosana. Ekubeni uyakwazi ukunxibelelana SokufundaName ulwimi "abantwana". Okanye uba ubungqina amanyundululu usapho. Kuzo zonke ezi meko, njengoko umthetho, uphuhliso yokukhuluma ukuncokola.

indawo yasekhaya kubaluleke kakhulu ithembisa ukuba kwakhiwe eqhelekileyo izakhono zolwimi. Kunye nosana kusoloko kufuneka ukuthetha - zidlala okanye behamba, kuba isidlo naphambi lokulala. Qiniseka ukuba ngentloko imibongo uze ufunde ngokuvakalayo encwadini usana.

Ukuba kubhalwe nokuba ukungathobeli olungephi zvukoproiznosheniya kuzala unyana, nokuba ihlabe intombi, musa kunqunyulwa wena angabikho le ngxaki. Kuyenzeka ukuba aququzelele imisebenzi unyango kwintetho ekhaya, inzuzo uncwadi ezizodwa ngoku Dime elinesibini. Umzekelo, ungenza amalungiselelo umdlalo kunye iingoma ezizodwa nindumzele. Kwaye kuphela xa umsebenzi ikhaya ayiniki yifuna, kufuneka ucinge ngokundwendwela yincutshe.

Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye sabaqalayo logopedic?

abazali basoloko nomdla kakhulu onokuyinika usana lwabo ayikho enkulisa oluqhelekileyo, kodwa unyango kwintetho. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba iimeko ekhethwa ukusombulula iingxaki. Ingaba kubalulekile ukuya apho? Ukuba kunjalo, yintoni ubudala? Yinikele inzuzo yokwenene ukuya kwiiklasi unyango kwintetho enkulisa na umntwana wakho?

Njengomthetho jikelele, seniyinika lo mntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-3-4 kwizandla ochwepheshe kakuhle kakhulu. Ne lincinci banokubandakanyeka ngempumelelo ngabazali, emva kokubonisana owayendifundisa ukuthetha. Uya kukuxelela uthotho amanyathelo kunye umthambo kuyimfuneko. Speech iiseshini therapy nomntwana iminyaka 3-4 ubudala sele esikwaziyo ukunikeza isiphumo oluhlala luhleli.

Arsenal phakathi kwabazali nabantwana yeyabahlali. Olu nxibelelwano rhoqo echanekileyo esebenzayo ngomlomo kunye nomntwana, imithambo ngomnwe, kukho ezininzi imidlalo ilizwi, yokuthanjiswa carpal, imisebenzi ekhethekileyo eyenzelwe ukuphuhlisa izakhono emihle motor, ukupeyinta, ukukrola njalo njalo.

Nini ukuya

Amaninzi, iintsilelo lwakukhula intetho othe attained the age of 3-4, zihlelwa nje nokomzimba. Ukuba kweminyaka emine self-ulungiso yokuthetha kungenzeki, ungajika bezifo. Kweli nqanaba, izakhono sokuqala ulwimi umntwana kufuneka ukuba sele 'ukusekwa. Kwaye loo nto iyavakala ukunika itakane unyango kwintetho abancinane.

Okuhle kule yokugqibela kukuba konga ixesha nemali yomzali eklasini oyingcali ngasese. Xa eziguqulweyo yoluntu, kukho mahala iiklasi unyango kwintetho. Ukuba iingenelo ngokundwendwela eli qela ixesha elide alifumaneki, mhlawumbi, kuya kufuneka iinkonzo owayendifundisa ukuthetha, pathologists yokuthetha ngenjongo zophuhliso lolwimi jikelele.

Zama ukuthetha usana lwakho kumshiya engacingele ulwimi zabantwana, elithanda kakhulu oomama kunye ingakumbi ogogo. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, unxibelelwano ngendlela "ugwenxeke kwaphela" livalela uphuhliso ntetho umntwana oqhelekileyo ngayo.

Ukuba umntwana kufuneka bakwazi kwiminyaka 4

Kodwa kwanokuba zonke bathi luchanekile entsatsheni, kwaye iingxaki, Noko ke, azikho ziyakhawuleza ukuba ucaphuke. Lungiselela iiseshoni unyango kwintetho nomntwana iminyaka 3-4 ekhaya akukho nzima kakhulu. Kwaye ke into ephambili apha - uvakalelo ilizwi usana kunye esweni ngenyameko naluphi na utshintsho.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isigama umntwana oneminyaka emibini-emithathu ubudala malunga liwaka amagama. Unyaka-emine netakane ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka bakwazi ukuxelela into okanye uchaze ukusebenzisa izalathandawo kunye iindawo ezahlukeneyo zentetho, ukwakha yababini elula. Kodwa isixhobo sakhe ukuthetha inganeli uqeqesho, ukwenza pronunciation yezandi yoyilo ezintsonkothileyo olunyulu ayisebenzi.

Kaloku, ukuba kwiminyaka 5-6 bangeva intetho indawo, lo mntu ngesizathu esivakalayo ukucinga. Imisebenzi elula zilandelayo ezinxulumene imithambo zokucacisa, kuya kunceda abazali ekhaya ukufumana iziphumo.

Iiklasi nomntwana ekhaya

Ukolula lwimi-tie imizuzu emi-5 okanye-10 ngosuku ngalunye kufuneka benze oku kulandelayo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukucela umntwana, Zikhothe iindevu ulwimi, ukusikhuthaza ukuba baluphose kwi amazinyo ezifana iimpuphu zamahashe, vula banzi umlomo wakhe, zama ukufikelela ulwimi amazinyo aphezulu.

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba iindawo ingqondo onoxanduva izakhono zokusebenzisa amalungu omzimba kunye nophuhliso ulwimi zihlobene. Oko kukuthi, kokukhona liqhekeza ngokuyixabela izandla nosana neminwe, incinci ingxaki kwintetho yakhe.

Kukho imisebenzi elula for kwiiseshoni unyango kwintetho, ukuqeqesha ethetha izandi sibilant ( "s", "z"), kwakunye sizzling ( "g", "sh"; "h" yaye "w"). Ngaphezu koko, yinxalenye yengxaki kunye izandi 'p "yaye" k ", kodwa zilungiswe ngokuzimeleyo ekhaya. Ukuganga phezulu, umntwana kufuneka watyalwa uyibeka phambi sisipili ukuzeyisa. iiklasi unyango kwintetho Ekhaya "P" uya kukwazi 'ukubeka' akasoloko, esi sandi kucingwa omnye kakhulu anzima kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ifuna songenelelo yincutshe.

imizekelo ukuzilolonga

• Umthambo "Fife". Buza amazinyo umntwana wakho ukuba sivale, ukutsala imilebe yakhe umbhobho kangangoko unako. Qiniseka ukuba xa ephakamisa ulwimi iindevu asezantsi wahlala lanqumama. Imithambo kufuneka uphindaphindwe amaxesha-3 ukuya ku-5.
• Umthambo "Cup". umlomo Vula ebanzi, unamathele phandle ulwimi uze uzame ukuba ayinike imilo lwendebe, ephakamisa incam kunye nokuphela kwegqabi. Njengoba nje wena ucinga ukuba inani elithile, nokuba umntwana uzama ukugcina ulwimi kule ndawo. Imithambo kwakhona wasiphinda 3 ukuya 5 amaxesha.
• Umthambo "opeyintayo". Uncumo, uze uvule umlomo wakho. Emva koko, incam kolwimi, ngathi ibhrashi, "ipeyinti 'ngaphakathi esibhakabhakeni.
• "Obetha". Ngokukhawuleza ukubetha incam ulwimi kumqolo ongentla amazinyo, ephethe umlomo wayo evulekileyo. Enye - ukucoca ulwimi lwakhe khosi ukuba amazinyo aphezulu nengasezantsi. Ukwenza umthambo phantsi komthetho oyilwayo.
• "Thina uyidle jam." Uncumo, umlomo kancinane. yokukhotha imilebe ngokubanzi, adanduluke, ukuqinisekisa emhlathini asezantsi ezisisigxina.

Emva kokugqiba i imithambo, yiya phindaphindo lwamagama eziqulathe izandi kuyingxaki. Uyakwazi phambi-ukupheka ikhadi kunye nabo. Isandi usebenzela, ukuba kuphindwa ekuqaleni ngokwahlukileyo izihlandlo eziliqela (7 ukuya kweli-10), ngelo xesha, ngezi amagama. Kuluncedo kakhulu ukukhetha up kunye amagama afanelekileyo athintithisayo, ziphimisele yabo ngokubonakalayo ibalekisa ulungiso lentswelo.

Baphi na ukuphazamiseka intetho

iziphene intetho zingavela omdala - ngenxa atyandwe, kwentlungu, luxinaniso kakhulu emphefumlweni. Abo isenokuba ilahleko okanye ukufa komntu omthandayo, uqhawulo-mtshato, iimbandezelo ezinkulu zemali. Kukho iziphene yokuthetha xa amalungu eziphambili owenzakeleyo ezinxulumene zvukoproiznosheniya - ulwimi, amazinyo, imilebe, nemisipha nemisipha kwingqula, kwakunye nenkalakahla.

Oku kwenzeka xa kukho umonakalo kweli ziko, ibekwe kule neuron kwaye linoxanduva kwintetho yethu. Nkqu uxinzelelo ezingapheliyo nakwiimvakalelo kunokubangela iingxaki intetho.

Phantsi intetho eqhelekileyo libhekisela pronunciation zonke ngokucacileyo kwaye ngokucacileyo, ngaphandle kokukhetha, ulwimi oonobumba. Lo mbuzo ubotshiwe ukuba zesingqisho kunye egudileyo. Ukuba amazwi yesithethi kunzima ukufunda, ngokuqinisekileyo kuphula umthetho. Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana kunye nezigulo intetho yayiphawuleka iintlobo efanayo iziphene intetho. Ezi ziquka ndindisholo, abanale, lisping, ukunqongophala yokubiza oluchanekileyo izandi ngamnye, yaye ngaphezulu.

Types of zokugula intetho

Abo ziqhelekileyo zezi:

• IAthos. Eli gama libhekisela phonation kakuhle (zvukoproiznosheniya okt engalunganga). Aphony velisa (okanye dysphonia) ngenxa yeenguqu zeyunithi intetho, sithwele zophendlo lwezifo.
• Dyslalia kubiza iziphene intetho phonetic okanye umntwana omdala ukungase- kunye nentetho ngokwegrama echanekileyo.
• Abanale - uhlobo disorder, olwenzeka xa ulwazi kwezihlunu convulsive emalunga apparatus kwimiphimbo. Kubonakele yaphula isantya sokuthetha, isingqisho kunye rhoqo.
• Enye ukuphazamiseka nokubonakalisa ngokwayo xa izinga intetho olucothayo ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kuthiwa bradilaliey.
• Isichasi kuye (xa umntu ethetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu) - tachyphasia.

• Rhinolalia - uhlobo ngezifo intetho, ezinxulumene wokunyhashwa amalungu yokwakheka, ekusekeni izixhobo kwezwi. Ebonakalisa ngayo lunembono isandi pronunciation kunye nelizwi besandi.
• Dysarthria - uhlobo bezityholo, xa ukubonelela i uxhulumaniso lwe neuron kunye luvo izixhobo kwimiphimbo musa ukusebenza.
• Aphasia ibizwa ilahleko olupheleleyo okanye olungaphelelanga intetho, kwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo kwisistim luvo.
• Ukuba umntwana okanye omdala kangaka luyalambatha, njengokuba kwenzeka ngokufuthi kwizigulane kunye izitshanguba le neuron, sithetha alalia.

Iingcali ziya kukunceda

Izinto ezibangela la makhwiniba kunokuba imiba eyahlukeneyo. Oku bekhubazekile ezifana inkalakahla zicandeke okanye iindevu, adanduluke, engaqhelekanga occlusion imihlathi yemfuza, ulwimi imilebe iziphene okanye amazinyo. ukuphazamiseka ezithengiweyo kwiimeko phecana eliphezulu nokuphefumla kunye nezifo central system luvo. Ukunyhashwa kunokuba zombini ezisisigxina nezexeshana.

abantwana abancinane ukuba ngamnye kubo into enjalo kwenzeka esokuba ngamnye, njengoko uphuhliso zentetho. Iiseshoni unyango kwintetho olwenziwe enkulisa nganye - hayi kuphela ezikhethekileyo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho wathunyelwa iiklasi unyango kwintetho, akufuneki ishiywe - nto imbi, ukuba andiyi kubuzisa umntwana kwaye iinzuzo ziya kuba engathethekiyo.

Ngokuba kubantwana abaneminyaka 3-4 kweeklasi unyango kwintetho ikhona iifom ezimbini - ngamnye okanye iqela. Iiklasi one-on-nye kunye ingcaphephe (ngamnye) kakhulu ngempumelelo. Kwelinye icala, ukwenza iqela, umntwana uziva ngakumbi kamnandi.

iiklasi unyango kwintetho ngabanye

Zeziphi izifundo sokuphuhlisa enjalo intetho? idla zibanjwe ngokohlobo imidlalo ezilula kunye nemisebenzi. Kids musa ukuqonda inkoliso ukuba kwenzeke ntoni kubo ekubeni ezinye uhlobo umsebenzi onenjongo. Ekubeni badlala owayendifundisa ukuthetha, bulisa ukonwabisa.

Kwi kwiiklasi unyango kwintetho ngamnye umntwana idla wathumela xa uthanda na indlela ephosakeleyo umsindo ngamnye. Ngoncedo lwe imidlalo ngokukhethekileyo ezikhethiweyo kwaye umthambo therapist elungisa eso siphene. Ukuba stutters itakane sele kukhankanywe imithambo zolwimi (kwakunye nabanye) ukuba kudityaniswe uqeqesho lwezakhono, ukuba babele kakuhle umoya.

Ukucula iingoma, umntwana aqeqeshwe uphefumla kakuhle, yaye abanale ngokuzenzekelayo shwaka. Ngokuthe ngcembe, abantwana bafunda ukulawula uphefumla zabo, yaye ngakumbi bafunda obu buchule, kokukhona ukuba abanale uza kukwazi ukufumana ukuphelisa kanye kunye bonke.

izifundo Front

Group iiklasi unyango kwintetho (ngenye indlela esichazwa apha ngaphambili) ziqhutywa phakathi kwabantwana abakhubazeke ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kuphuhliso zentetho. Ezi meko ke azibandakanyi nje kuphela zvukoproiznosheniya ukungathobeli kunye neengxaki zokuva. Umzekelo, umntwana akakwazi ukwahlula isibini izandi. Ezinye iingxaki oluthi efanayo - yaphula igrama intetho, ukungabikho unxibelelwano phakathi amazwi.

Amaqela bachongelwe ingqesho sisininzi sabantu 6-8 yobudala efanayo kunye iingxaki zokuthetha efanayo. Izicwangciso kwiiseshoni unyango kwintetho i injongo efanayo - ukwandisa isigama kunye nokuphucula ezindlebeni lwezandi. Abantwana baqeqeshwa ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, ngokwenza imithambo izifundo zezakhono izifundo zabucala. Amaninzi, uninzi lwabantwana inxaxheba kwiqela kwakunye ngabanye.

Speech iiklasi therapy kwi "Ukwindla"

Cinga ngendlela kwakhiwe iiklasi oluleko abantwana, usebenzisa umxholo othile, ezifana ixesha lonyaka. Masibe "yasekwindla" umsebenzi. kuhle yayo ukuba yenziwe ngoSeptemba okanye Oktobha, ukuhombisa igumbi kunye amagqabi ezityheli.

Xa therapist intetho eklasini, usebenzisa umxholo ukuwa, ngezimanga zendalo, uyakhula enza isigama ngalo mbandela, ufundisa abantwana imifanekiso ukwenza izindululo kuqala, uze emva koko kubo - ibali esisiso. Endleleni, abantwana ukugxininisa izakhono ukunika impendulo ngokupheleleyo noququzelelo intshukumo nentetho.

Speech iiklasi therapy kwi "Ukwindla" elisombulula ingxaki Ukulungiswa kunye nesiCwangciso soPhuhliso - ekuphuculeni izakhono motor oluhle uncedo imithambo ngomnwe, uphuhliso inkumbulo, ukucinga exercises nemidlalo. Abantwana bafunda imibongo yi ziimbongi Russian zokuwa, mamela umculo, "Izandi yehlathi yasekwindla" imiqondiso uluhlu ekwindla yezulu, qashi guess ukuba "yasekwindla" umxholo.

Kids kuqokelela amaqoqo ngamagqabi, qhiwu iminwe imihlathi (izakhono zokusebenzisa amalungu omzimba), ukuvuthela ngamagqabi, obonisa umoya ekwindla (uphefumla imithambo).

Siyaqhubeka ekhaya

Abo izakhono ezibonelela izifundo unyango kwintetho, kufuneka nakanjani kukuzaliseka njengoko ebekwe phantsi entsatsheni, ekhaya. Iingcali ukuqhuba umsebenzi explanatory nabazali, anike iingcebiso enenkcukacha ukwakhiwa loqheliso ekhaya.

Ubukhulu becala apha kuxhomekeke ngendlela uxanduva ekusombululeni ingxaki yabazali. Ukuba umama okanye utata ayikho wonqena kakhulu ukunikela rhoqo imizuzu embalwa ngosuku kuphuhliso kwintetho yomntwana, impumelelo akazange athathe ixesha elide. Umsebenzi ibalulekileyo abazali kulo mzekelo - ekuncedeni umntwana xa ukufunyanwa engaziva yokuqiniseka zokujongana ekoyikeni zonxibelelwano kunye nokuthetha esidlangalaleni.

Oomama abakhulelweyo kunye nooyise kufuneka bakhuthazwe umntwana. Nkqu impumelelo lincinane kufuneka noku. Ngenxa yoko, usana lukhula ukuzithemba, inkuthazo ukuze impumelelo engakumbi.

Yiba ngobuchule

Ngelo xesha akufuneki zondelela kakhulu, kwaye ncakasana nyanzela umntwana ukuba adle emgceni amagama rhoqo nje elichanekileyo kunye namabinzana. Oku kuya kukhokelela uxinezeleko kwemfuneko, Sinokubatyhafisa umnqweno ukuba nomntwana. Vumela ukuba ahlale umntwana. We ndinikhumbuza kwakhona - iiseshoni unyango kwintetho nomntwana iminyaka 3-4 ubudala kufuneka yakhiwe kuphela ngohlobo of the game!

Kunye nemithambo umntwana kufuneka kwenziwe unobtrusively, ngaphandle umzobo ingqalelo iingxaki ezikhoyo. Ukuba ngenxa umntwana uya usiba nomsindo okanye ndidandathekile, impumelelo olo qeqesho luya kuzisa. Uya ukufikelela nto kodwa yodwa kunye nempendulo ndlongondlongo.

In amathuba phakathi kweeseshoni makathethe nangoku iimpazamo ukuze shwaka ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngesinye isihlandlo, abazali bezibuza novuyo uya kufumanisa ukuba itakane ngokwakhe ezama ukulawula ukuchaneka zentetho.

Kuba uphuhliso lwezakhono motor ecikizekileyo luncedo ephulule umntwana umnwe, ukugoba ngamnye unbend kubo, ukudlala imidlalo ebhodini. Siyekele usana ukuyiphatha nomsila okanye ukuzixakekisa macala esantini. esikhundleni Ekhaya ubuphi izinto evakalala. Musa ukulibala malunga imithambo kwiCandelo. Ndingasihlawula njani ingqalelo ngakumbi ukufunda, oko zingako kunye nosana iingoma ezilula kunye nemibongo.