Zibane izibane ze-fluorescent? Iintlobo zezibane ze-fluorescent

NgoJanuwari kulo nyaka, inkampani General Electric (kaWonke) imemezele kokupheliswa US nokukhululwa izibane ezibengezelayo ezibumbeneyo ekupheleni th-2016. Iteknoloji entsha LED ingahanjiswa ivela umendo walo ixesha lokuba babe ezijiko-eziqhelekileyo, njengokuba xa yena ekuyibhukuqeni "wobukumkani" of izibane ezingqengezelayo, omashini abenziwe umseki uThomas Edison kaWonke.

Ngoko ke yintoni na isibane sikagesi?

isibane ezibengezelayo - i mercury obhobhozayo izibane kwezixhobo uxinzelelo eliphantsi apho radiation ukukhanya ebonakalayo kusetyenziswa fluorescence. ngoku zombane kwi igesi Iyandonwabisa nesigidi, apho aqale ukukhupha ukukhanya kuluhlu yelanga leyo ebangela chweba ukutyabeka phosphor lwangaphakathi.

Ezi ndidi zilandelayo isibane ezibengezelayo: i cathode ebandayo kunye electroluminescent lokuqala eshushu.

isiqalo hot

Avamise kakhulu usisibane ukuqalelisa. Lo mthombo Ukukhanya olu hlobo siqulathe nebhalbhu yeglasi ezaliswe yegesi egalelwe (njenge argon) xi eziphantsi. Kwicala ngalinye ibhalbhu i electrode Tungsten. Le zokulinganisa ulawula i electrode ngamandla. Isibane endala yasetyenziswa sokuqhuba starter. Ukusetyenziswa yanamhlanje ballasts elektroniki.

Ke noko zifana ibhalbhu. chweba lokuqala eziveliswa ukusuka Tungsten coil eshushu, kodwa ke kukho ukubhobhoza zombane ngomxube nesigidi negesi egalelwe na yelanga. Zesakhiwo ethile nolwenzelwa iindonga iselwa, sitsala ukukhanya yelanga kwaye likhupha nokukhanya okubonakalayo. Ibizwa ngokuba phosphor kunye umxube iikhompawundi phosphorus-based. Enkosi kuye, imveliso ukukhanya kwezi izibane obuphakamileyo izihlandlo eziliqela amandla zigqengezelayo ukukhanya. Ntambo uyaqhubeka evutha kwaye ekupheleni ucinezelo, kodwa kuphela ukugcina wokuqhuba.

Ukudala khulula yombane kuyimfuneko ombane aphezulu. Lalingu ibhalbhu, kungona sentlalo. Kodwa ke ngenxa yokuba amazinga aphezulu iindlela ezinobungozi "ashushu-up" le iselwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo sele ziphuhlisiwe.

Enye indlela ukufudumeza kukusebenzisa i starter. Xa ombane lusetyenziswa isibane obhobhozayo ngofinyafuthi, kumo abafowunelwa bimetal. Abezonxibelelwano uvale shunt yakhe, yaye umsinga wombane kumo i electrode Tungsten, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, kuba irhasi itshiswa insimbi egalelwe. Lwehle, qha bimetal ivula, lusidla onke ombane kunye namandla i electrode ye umcephe wokunyusa. Xa athe obhobhozayo kungenzeki, ngoko le nkqubo iphindiwe. Emva isibane ucinezelo starter cima, ekubeni ukuqina kwayo iphezulu kakhulu ukuxhathisa plasma.

Kwiinkqubo mihla, i electrode isiqalo ngokukhawuleza ebushushwini rhoqo, kwaye arc kuyaqalwa kugqame nisekelwe okanye basihambise iqala.

isibane ezibengezelayo le cathode abandayo

Holodnokatodnye ezijiko isibane - zizixhobo lobushushu cathode elingadluliyo 150 ° C xa kuthelekiswa ne-900 ° C eshushu-isiqalo izibane. ombane zokusebenza - 600-900 V, umnyele - 900-1600 V. Ukukhanya ezintweni igesi insimbi, apho kuyimfuneko ukujikelezisa ombane aphezulu. Sokukhutshwa kwenzeka yokuwa isithuba phakathi electrode. Irhasi evela isibane kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo kukho Heating, kodwa intsimi yombane, electron kunye nabo uqale ukususa. Xa ombane aphezulu intsimi yombane ibalekisa amasuntswana ityala ukuze zingqubane kunye zegesi, ukuba knock out electron. ion ntsha kwaye electron njengoko isetyenziswa kule ionization: inkqubo ukudilika iba.

Xa izibane isiqalo eshushu kuchitha i arc, kwaye imithombo obhobhozayo abandayo ukukhanya - evutha. ngcembe Mercury itshintsha ukusuka kulwelo ukuya kwimo sukube. Electron zingqubane athom mercury, umkhwetha kuphuma amandla kunye radiation olunzulu kummandla yelanga. Ukukhanya ekhutshwa yi phosphor kugalelwe ngaphakathi ibhalbhu. Mercury likhipha ziluhlaza leyo ibangele athom phosphorus, ukwanda electron lalo lamandla ombane. Xa electron ubuyele isimo sokuqala athom phosphorus ziveza ukukhanya.

izibane electroluminescent

wokunciphisa Light e izibane electroluminescent kungenxa wawo ukuya kuvala ingxingwa i ombane ngqo ngokusebenzisa izinto phosphorus aqulethe kunye nefuthe non-thermal ukuguqula umbane ekukhanyeni. Le isiphumo lisetyenziswa ilight-esikhupha (LED) kunye nokukhanya eziphilayo ayikhuphi diode (oled). izibane Electroluminescent ezahlukileyo ilight-esikhupha ukuba ukukhanya yokugqibela ukhutshiwe kudibana PN - le isiphambuka phakathi semiconductors ezimbini, yaye ukukhanya lokuqala ukhutshiwe phezu inwebu isilumeki.

Le ombane aphezulu alternating current ombane idlule maleko ubhityileyo phosphorus okanye semiconductor, nto leyo ebangela wokunciphisa ukukhanya kubo. iileya ezimbini eziqinileyo, enye yazo sikhanya, izinto ezifana electrode, kunye phosphor umgubo okanye umqhubi therebetween uba xa kudlula electron kulo.

iingxoxo for

• Ezi zixhobo zokukhanyisa sikhonze amashumi amaxesha ngaphezu izibane ezingqengezelayo usinike amandla ezinzileyo ngaphandle ukuhla ombane ezibalulekileyo kwaye zinciphisa inani inclusions. Xa i electrode ukuba ecima kwaye ivuthu- nokwakheka ezizodwa ekhusela Tungsten filament nobushushu nokubonelela uzinzo obhobhozayo, leyo kunciphisa ubomi umthombo wokukhanya. bulb iphela mnyama, kunye ng isibane.
• Imveliso Ukukhanya izibane ezibengezelayo watt elide malunga amaxesha 3-4 ngaphezu ibhalbhu ezingqengezelayo nganye.
• Ziyashiyana umbala, ezinye amadlozi ikufutshane elangeni.
• Bathe phangalala ukukhanya yonke kumphezulu bulb, kunokuba filament Tungsten.

bendlela

• Ixabiso eliphezulu.
• izibane ezibengezelayo - umthombo enokubakho ingozi, kuba ibhalbhu ngasinye iqulethe 5 mg lesigidi, leyo ityhefu kakhulu kwaye inokuba yingozi kwimpilo kunye nokusingqongileyo.
• izibane sokukhutshwa abaqaphela ukuba amaqondo ephantsi phezulu. Ayikwazi usebenze kwiqondo lobushushu ngezantsi 20 ° C nangaphezulu +50 ° C.
• Iso ukufuma.
• On kokulibazisa, ekubeni kuthatha ixesha ukushushubeza isibane.
• Engaqhelekanga lwaseNtshona Koloni ziba ukukhanya, nto leyo uhlaba umbala. Ithemba kunye rhoqo kabini-mbane rhoqo.

nendlela yokukhetha

1. Le fom kunye nomlinganiselo. Iibhotile zeglasi neekhatriji zahlukile kakhulu kwezi parameters. Ifomu oqhelekileyo izibane ezibengezelayo tube tye. Ubukhulu bayo okanye iphinda enye wesibhozo kweesentimitha. Ngenxa yoko, ubungakanani isibane 1 intshi ubukhulu - T8. Ubukhulu yakhona ukusuka T2 ukuya T17. izibane ezibengezelayo ezibumbeneyo, njengoko umthetho, uthabathe ngokohlobo U-emile kwaye zikhula. Kakade ke, ukubonakala alunasiphumo kwi ukusebenza isibane, kodwa iipatheni ezijikeleze ke kancinane imali eninzi kakhulu ngenxa yokuba kunzima ngakumbi ukuvelisa.

2. Qala. usenokuqalisa, zokulinganisa elektroniki okanye kagesi.

3. Amandla. It zokhahlamba ukusuka watts-3 ukuya ku-85. Wobhobhozayo ubalaseleyo izibane ezingqengezelayo ngokuphindwe 3-4 ngaphantsi kunolo ezijiko-jiko, ngoko khetha amandla eziyimfuneko kufuneka zisekelwe yobumhlophe oyifunayo. izibane ezibengezelayo kabani amandla ilingana 25-30 W, endaweni obychngye 100W zombane. Ukubuyisela watt-75 yokonga amandla aneleyo ukukhanya umthombo watts 9. Isibane ezibengezelayo ngamandla kabani na 15 W, buyisela i eewathi isibane Watts 60.

ubudlelwane Table ekubhobhozeni ezikhanyayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo izibane kuya kusinceda siqonde zonke bokuqonda.

4. Cap. Iintlobo Common zezi:

• B onencula;
• ujije (Edison) socle E;
• single-kabini G. kabini-yaphela

Inani emva oonobumba ibonisa ububanzi of udidi cap B okanye E, okanye umgama phakathi nabafowunelwa iziseko mm lohlobo G.

Ngokomthetho ku neendawo kunye nezibane basebenzisa isibane IiBhalbhu eziJiko kunye E27 isiseko sangqa 27 mm kunye EPS E14 sangqa-14 mm.

5. umbala Light. Siyafana iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni emnyama ibonakala kunye chromaticity ethile. Ngenxa yokwanda lobushushu, inxalenye oluhlaza ukunyuka spectrum, yaye kunciphisa ebomvu. Ulinganiswa kelvins. Imvakalelo zesimo umntu ujonge ukukhanya umbala esithile, ekuthiwa umbala a ukuzwa. Eyona umbala yokukhanya kunye ehambelana imibala:

• 2700 K - ezimhlophe sverhtoply;
• 3000 K - ukukhanya Ukuncoma White;
• 3,500 K - ukukhanya ezimhlophe;
• 4000K - ukukhanya emhlophe abandayo;
• 5000 K kunye nangaphezulu - ilanga.

6. Umbala acula ngayo. Ibonisa look indlela zendalo izinto lamplight ezingqongileyo. lomlingani kulinganiswa Ra umbala. imithombo ukukhanya chromaticity ngokulinganayo anokuba umbala ezahlukeneyo yokuzala ngenxa emininzi eyahlukileyo ukukhanya ekhutshwa. Kuba kwelanga into ngu-100.

uphawu

Nabavelisi luminaires eziphawula imveliso ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

US izibane ezibengezelayo zidla eziphawuleka ithempleyithi FxxTy, apho F ibonisa uhlobo, I yokuqala Inani xx (Engl ezijiko-jiko, luminescent.) - okanye ombane okanye ubude e intshi, T -form (Engl tubular, tubular.) Yaye y inani lokugqibela - sangqa 1/8 intshi (3.175 mm).

Le ilandelayo ke incwadi lombala;

• WW - Kushushu White, White Ukuncoma.
• CW - Free White, Cool White.
• N - olungathath'icala, cala.
• D - Daylight, ilanga.
• WWX - Deluxe Ukuzifudumeza White, emhlophe adikidiki umbala sokufaka eliphezulu.
• CWX - Deluxe Cool White, emhlophe abandayo umbala inguqulelo eliphezulu.
• BLB - Blacklight, eyingozi.

Ekupheleni iimpawu zokumakisha eligunyazisiweyo device:

• RS - Rapid Start, isiqalo ukuzila.
• IS - Qala Instant, isiqalo nangoko.
• HO - Isiphumo High, kahle eliphezulu.

Izimilo izibane ezibengezelayo

ukukhanya zokuhombisa Jikelele Electric Candle T2 9W iyakhutshwa ne-CAPS E14 kunye E27, nobhobhozayo ababezibiza ubalaseleyo sayo 405, abamhlophe kunye kwemini lobushushu umbala efudumeleyo (2700 K no 6500 K), 82 umbala isalathiso sokufaka Ra. Lusetyenziswa neendawo ezinye iindawo ekubekwa nezibane kunye ibhalbhu ebonakalayo amagumbi, iipaseji kunye esakhiweni-nzulu zamafama oshishino iiholo, iihotele, iindawo zokutyela, amakhaya.

iimveliso Philips

Master TL-D 90 De Luxe - ezibengezelayo isibane g13, T8, 93 kunye index umbala inguqulelo Ra8, lobushushu umbala ka 65000 K - ilanga opholileyo. Ifumaneka iinguqulelo ezintathu:

• 18W / 965 1SL - 18 izibane W ezibengezelayo kunye wampompoza ababezibiza ezikhanyayo ka-1150 lumens kunye nokusebenza ababezibiza ubalaseleyo 63,9 lm / W;
• 58W / 965 1SL - imithombo watt-58 ukukhanya kunye wampompoza ababezibiza ubalaseleyo lumens 4550 kunye nokusebenza ababezibiza ubalaseleyo 77,8 lm / W;
• 36W / 965 1SL - 36 izibane W ezibengezelayo kunye wampompoza ababezibiza ezikhanyayo ka 2800 lumens kunye nokusebenza ababezibiza ubalaseleyo 77,8 lm / W.

umbala High Isalathisi inguqulelo sikuvumela ukuba ubone imibala abazizityebi, emnandi kwaye zendalo, nto leyo eyenza isibane sele ezibhedlele, print iivenkile, zokuzilungisa, iimyuziyam,-ofisi wamazinyo kunye noovimba. Izibane ziyahluka kwizinga eliphezulu phosphor ukutyabeka usebenzisa phosphor-band ezintathu nokungabikho phantse ngokupheleleyo zokunciphisa izinga ukhanyiso.

Master TL-D Xtreme 36W / 840 1SL - eziJiko-Lamp 36 amandla watt, khomba-mbini, opholileyo-emhlophe ngebala isalathiso umbala Unikezelo 85 Ra8, nobhobhozayo ababezibiza ezikhanyayo ka 3250 sayo alumeke output ubuso 90 lm / W. osemqoka layo eli ngumphefumlo Ukwandisa inkonzo iiyure 66 000, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo apho iindleko eziphezulu izibane replacement ngenxa ukuphakama kwelo gumbi, kokuphazamisa emsebenzini, okanye apho ukukhanya phezu lonke ixesha - imigudu, rigs oli, imveliso okuqhubekayo.

Master PL-C 18W / 830 / 2P 1CT - kabini-ended ezibengezelayo isibane watt-18 amandla G24d--isokethi 2, omhlophe umbala efudumeleyo ka-3000 K, isalathiso umbala Unikezelo 82 Ra8, nobhobhozayo ababezibiza ezikhanyayo ka 1200 sayo, rated ukusebenza ezikhanyayo 67 lm / W. Yenzelwe ukukhanyisa guards jikelele kumaziko lokuphola, ngemiyinge emincinci kunye nezakhiwo ofisi. isibane eziJiko Philips Master PL-C usebenzisa iteknoloji ibhulorho yokuqala eliqinisekisa lusebenze, coverage engcono kunye nokusebenza eliphezulu. Imodeli-emibini ine isiseko elisusekayo yaye lisetyenziswa EMPRA.

imithombo ukukhanya Energy-nenenkuthalo Osram

Osram uvelisa isibane IiBhalbhu eziJiko-18 W DSST FCY 18 W / 825 E27 umbala efudumeleyo 2500 K, isalathiso umbala inguqulelo ka-80, nobhobhozayo ezikhanyayo ka-1050 lumens kunye iCartridge E27. Isixhobo liyakwazi ukumelana inani elikhulu kakhulu imijikelo ukuqala - phambi 1 Mill.

Osram Lumilux T9 C - 29 mm kunye iCartridge thunzi isibane G10Q, rated amandla 22 W, ubushushu umbala 2700 K, umbala lomsebenzi weklayenti Isalathisi se 80-89, nobhobhozayo ababezibiza ezikhanyayo ka 1350 lumens kunye imveliso ukukhanya wesiqhelo 61 lm / W. It yenzelwe ukuze uluntu izakhiwo, iindawo zokutyela, amashishini, iivenkile, iivenkile, iihotele. Lubonakala yi ukusebenza, umgangatho ophezulu output ukukhanya ukukhanya kakhulu, nokuba izibane ngaphandle izithunzi. uhlengahlengiso ukukhanya avumelekile.

L 36 W / 840-1 - 1 izibane imitha yomgama, ezijiko-jiko, 36W, isiseko socket g13, lobushushu umbala ka-4000 K, nobhobhozayo ababezibiza ezikhanyayo ka-3100 lumens, 80 umbala isalathiso Unikezelo Ra, ukusebenza ababezibiza ezikhanyayo 86 lm / W. Yenzelwe ukukhanyisa izithuthi zikawonke.

Endura 70 W / 830 - electrodeless umthombo wokukhanya Osram 70W, a rated ngobhobhozo ezikhanyayo ka 6200 lumens lobushushu efudumeleyo umbala omhlophe 3000 K, isalathiso umbala weklayenti kunye ezikhanyayo 80-90 Ra 80 lm / W. Isetyenziswa itonela ukukhanyisa, izityalo, izitalato, kumabala emidlalo. Ebonakala iyahlala ophezulu (ukuya kuma-100 000 h.), Ucikizeko, iziphumo sayo phezulu, lwephanyazo start-up.

Electrodeless isibane ezibengezelayo - kwisixhobo apho obhobhozayo yenzeka eliphezulu rhoqo entsimini magnetic eyenziwe umphakathi otsalayo kwi iselwa. umdlalo Magnetic indima ephambili jiko le transformer, kunye nokukhutshwa kwerhasi - aphakamileyo. Iimpawu izibane ezibengezelayo kule hlobo bancipha sledyuschemu: izixhobo abazinzileyo, bona ixesha elide ngenxa yokungabikho electrode ezinde.

DSST SENSOR CL A 15 W / 827 E27 - ezibengezelayo isibane amandla 15 W, wobhobhozayo ubalaseleyo sayo 870, ubushushu begcakamele ezimhlophe ka 2700 K. Ingaba kahle eliphezulu ngenxa yokumisa ngokuzenzekelayo ngexesha lasemini. It yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa yangaphandle kuphela.