KaYuri Zavadsky: engobomi, ubomi lobuqu, PIU. Zavadsky Yury Alexandrovich - Artist Abantu ngayo USSR

KaYuri Zavadsky akazalwanga kwintsapho ilifa yeengcungcu, uyise ukukhonza ngomoya omhle, wamkela elikwinqanaba Collegiate ngumvavanyi, owasinikayo ilungelo izikhulu. Alexander Frantsevich uye bass esemagqabini - oko bade wamenywa ukuba Bolshoi Theatre, kodwa wakhetha igosa inkonzo enokuthenjwa, yaye licula eekonsathi ekhaya. Wayehamba unina kwikamva yomlawuli odumileyo, umfundi owayesakuba Moscow Conservatory.

yobuntwana Happy esakhula

Le ntsapho ekrelekrele, zobuhlobo esisityebi kunene - wayehlala kumbindi eMoscow endlini umkhulu enkulu. KaYuri Zavadsky wazalwa ngo-1894. Abantwana kule ntsapho baba abathathu kubo bakuziva mhle, kwaye ingakumbi - inkwenkwe wayemhle kwaye ekrelekrele. Abanye ababephila bathi wahlala umntwana kubhuqwa nangoko kwaye ngomdla nyaka-10 ubudala. Oku mhlawumbi imbono namkhethe. KaYuri Alexandrovich kufundwe esikolweni best eMoscow - kule lesithoba. Inkwenkwe yanikezwa ilungelo ngesisa - kakuhle zipeyintwe, kwafuneka ngaphandle nenkangeleko shiny amanani obugcisa, wanikwa ulwimi elungileyo - emva kokugqiba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, yena yoncutshe ngokupheleleyo nesiFrentshi kunye IsiNgesi. Kwangaxeshanye, yena ichazwe ngokucacileyo ngothakazelelo: baqalisa ukuzoba kunye club yeqonga.

Gossip kunye neempawu

ubomi bam bonke uYuri Zavadsky devotedly wayethanda iincwadi, abanye bathi kule ncwadi, wawa eluthandweni njengokuba ngokuzimisela njengokuba abafazi, kodwa bahlala bethembekile ngakumbi. Ngokubanzi, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba malunga kuye, njengoko kungekho mntu wumbi, kwakukho ezininzi ngayo iintsomi ukuhleba - oko isebenza kuphela ukuba niqinisekise ukuba umntu waba eliqaqambileyo nezaziwayo. Ungaze bekuhleba abo alunamona. Ke kaloku, kwakukho iimpawu iyafaneleka, yokuba uninzi awase Faine Ranevskoy, leyo ilingana italente yakhe nabantu bahloniphe ngokunyanisekileyo, umfazi aku- nehlekisayo, usisilumko, akwazi ukufikelela ngokutsha ngumsindo. Yena kokwabo ibinzana wazalwa uYuri Zavadsky isambatho raccoon. Kwaye ngenene, yayinguye darling wethamsanqa. Kananjalo loluka izimvo inqaku lakhe "Mna - ngumKomanisi," epapashwe kwiphephandaba lesizwe. Wabeka umqondiso ngokulinganayo phakathi le ngxelo kwaye ngumlawuli brilliant, owayebonakele phezu balcony, wamvusayo izandla zabo ezulwini, bakhale, besithi: "Mna -. Ngusomajukujuku" Ukwazi ulwimi lwakhe elibukhali yaye ingqalelo kuyo, uYuri Aleksandrovich asoloko enomdla - "Kulungile, yintoni na ukuba uthini ngam kaFaina?"

Umdla zolutsha

Yena wangena University eMoscow kwi-Faculty of Law, oko kukuthi, umgaqo, kuthatha lukhulu, kodwa hayi naye. Ngexesha le minyaka, waba zizihlobo Pavlom Antokolskim, uqhelene ne phantse bonke abameli abadumileyo kunye umdla eMoscow art. ke uPawulos G. It wamazisa Marina Tsvetaeva, wazisa kuye studio Vakhtangov,, njenge-graphic. Kwaye apho, yaye akukho akazange ebukekayo, inzwana kuyabonwa - Marina Tsvetaeva uthando kunye naye, yaye studio Vakhtangov ngayo emva kwethuba efika indima yakhe yokuqala. Ukungakwazi lwaya elide Zavadsky mbongi lanikezela umjikelo lwemibongo ebizwa ngokuba "eliqhula." Ekuso ibinzana yakhe bomthendeleko ukuba kwaphindwa koko washiya umfazi - "Nina inkumbulo kangaka, Noko alibaleke ... "

nokuzabalazela usisi

KaYuri Zavadsky and Marina Tsvetaeva badibana ngo-1918. Akakwazi abandakanyeke, yaye okunomdla zisabonakala, yaye ngoko ke Ndandingasayiva izibongo aphilileyo. Kwaye ubuhle apha ezinjalo - bubuhle, abade, ezintle, wabona oko lidala futhi lock ezingwevu curls zegolide eneminyaka umfana esinjalo abafazi kukubhuzwa kunye ngaphantsi nomdlandla. Balding, naye waba akhe, yaye ngokugqibeleleyo basebenzisa isiphiwo sakhe ukulukuhla nomtsalane, nondiliseko kunye nesakhono ukunxiba waqhubeka de imihla yakhe yokugqibela - engama-70 ubudala wakhangela mkhulu denim isuti, apho bambalwa eMoscow. 14 imibongo ezintle ngothando, ihlabathi imbongi edumileyo zanikezelwa Yu Zavadsky, ukuthimba igama lakhe ngenkulungwane Serebryany. Eneneni, studio evgeniya Vahtangova wazalwa nothando yakhe yemidlalo phantsi kugxile abanamava ezi ndonga, yena wabhala eziliqela imidlalo, apho, ngokutsho kwabanye, zanikezelwa kaYuri Zavadsky.

Yena ke isiphiwo!

Indima yokuqala enkulu indoda endala Anthony nangoko wenza Yu Zavadsky darling le yeqonga eMoscow. Umdlalo M. Maeterlinck kaThixo "Ummangaliso St. Anthony" kuhlelo lwesibini wenza Evgeniem Vahtangovym kunye Yu Zavadsky, nto leyo ngokucacileyo undertones ebonakalayo buhlungu, yaba sisiqalo zazixakekile kuphela kodwa eqondisa umsebenzi. Njengomzobi kunye nomlawuli Zavadsky Yury Alexandrovich wazama isandla sakhe kulo mdlalo P. Antokolsky "amale ephupheni." Kwaye ngoko ke ubuqaqawuli, kumda kunqulo. Ngowe-1933, yena edlala Calaf ngo "Turandot" xhalChe evgeniya Vahtangova. umdlalo yakhe uyohlwaywa abagxeki lwe ubukho ukuqina ekubuphatheni italente yakhe. Kwaye ke ukuthandwa abaphulaphuli loo mfanekiso uvele indima Calaf kwi zematshisi kunye ambala iilekese.

Ithiyetha, Theatre kuphela

Kufuneka kwenziwe ukhetho phakathi yeqonga nokupeyinta, nangona wabanika ithemba, yaye amagcisa wamema esikolweni zomfundi P. Kelin athathe inxaxheba kwimiboniso zabo. Ngowe-1922 uyafa utitshala ayithanda Evgeny Vakhtangov, kunye Zavadsky Yury Alexandrovich abanyulwe liqela le-3 Moscow Art Theatre (studio Vakhtangov) ilungu leBhunga Arts. Kodwa nomdlali sele iyinto eyamkelwa kusoloko umtsalane imisebenzi umlawuli nokufundisa.

Qala imisebenzi ukuqondisa

Yaye ngowe-1924 ubeka umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala "The Marriage" N. V. Gogolya. Wayesebenza kulo engako kokuzinikela wayevuya kakhulu kangangokuba kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, wambiza imveliso akhe. Kodwa ngexesha yanikezelwa ukusebenza kwakhe iimbasa zeenduli looMawokhulu. Kwakukho abaninzi ukuba ukudlala ngothando ngokucacileyo, ukoyika ukunxiba kubo bonke kwaoko ngenxa womxhuzulane. mvelo kwakhe yomsebenzi wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ngubani ngandlel abanomdla kwindawo yokubonela. Kodwa indima yakhe ebambeleyo baloo maxesha - Chatsky kwaye Bala Almaviva - wangena-mali segolide yesikolo yeqonga eSoviet. indima yakhe ibisoloko lugqibelele kwinkcukacha yokugqibela, baya kusoloko ngokuvelisa isigqebelo nobugcisa kwaye waboleka ukusuka Vakhtangov umfanekiso ecacileyo lwangaphandle.

umfundisi brilliant

Ngomnyaka bt esisikhupheli, wavula studio yakhe, nto leyo eyaba ngo-1927 i-studio yeqonga, eyayikhokelwa de 1936. Amagama abafundi bakhe bonke siyazi - oku izithixo kumabala emidlalo V. P. Maretskaya kunye R. J. Plyatt, N. D. Mordvinov kunye PV Massalsky. in YA (Le igama lakhe njalo) yaba yemiboniso, kodwa akazange ngesiganeko enkulu, apho ephupha. Ngowe-1932, uYesu wathembisa ukuba akhokele oluBomvu Army Theatre, apho wayesebenza kude 1935, ngaphandle kokushiya studio yakhe. Kwaye ngo-1936, uYuri Alexandrovich kunye theatre yakhe yamthumela ukuba Rostov-on-Don ukuba akhokele ezisanda kwakhiwa, zale mihla, zifana ukubonakala itrektara, yemiboniso kunye kwisigaba elikhulu acoustics ihlwempu asebenza kulo kwaba nzima kakhulu. Kodwa kaYuri Alexandrovich ukumelana - kukho ezinye Ukuzimisela kwaye yodumo zanikelwa. Mhlawumbi ikhonkco creative, kodwa wamsindisa intshutshiso, leyo zahlasela eMoscow. wayesoloko Yena waba ngummi umthetho, kodwa zange benze izenzo eziphikisana isazela sakhe. Ngowe-1940, le nkundla wabuyela eMoscow.

Yemidlalo, nto leyo iye yaba ikhaya lesibini

KaYuri Zavadsky, ogama engobomi kulo nyaka kuye ezingenakwahlulwa kunye yeqonga le Moscow Council City, wathabatha phezu njengomlawuli oyintloko wahlala kulo etempileni art kude kube sekupheleni imihla yakhe. Naye wangena apha kwaye wayethanda ngabafundi. Adlale eqongeni le yeqonga, ezifana "ukubonakala" yaye "Petersburg Amaphupha" yi F. M. Dostoevskomu, ukuba bafumana amabhaso karhulumente. Ukongeza isihloko uHero Socialist Yabasebenzi, Artist Abantu, uNjingalwazi, yena wawongwa uLenin Amabhaso ezimbini Stalin. Yena yawongwa odolo ezine Lenin, ababini Banner Red kunye iimedali ezininzi.

Intsingiselo of Life - Theatre

Zawadzki osihloko sithi kaYuri Alexandrovich, zaxoxwa ngokuqhubekayo kwabasetyhini ebomini lakhe siqu wayefana emangalisayo. Kodwa ke ubomi bentsapho akazange savela. Okokuqala, waba likhoboka, yeqonga ebathanda kakhulu ehlabathini, yaye okwesibini, kuba attachments ezininzi akubanga nako, banakho ubunzima. asithandayo bakhe abathembekileyo edume Vasena kwazeka kuyo yeqonga e Moscow, ngoko ezibonakala Zavadsky - "cool kunye nathi." Ukususela abahlobo abaninzi ukuba abaseleyo, umfazi wokuqala Anisimova-Wulf nako ukuma utshintsho ezingapheliyo kwaye uye ngokwakhe, kodwa emva koko-40 iminyaka kwaba umncedisi bakhe abathembekileyo. Noko ke, akacudiswanga ngokusesikweni Ukubekwa ngokungathi V. Marecki kunye G. Ulanova. Yaba-obufutshane, yaye umtshato wakhe wokuqala ezisemthethweni - kungekudala wawushiya B. Marecki kunye nonyana edlulayo kaYuri Zavadsky. Umkakhe, njengoko umthetho, akazange acaphuke, bawubeka phezu kwakhe babe nolwalamano nobuhlobo neyobuchule. unyana wakhe waba ngumlawuli, kwaye wasebenza Mossovet yeqonga, kodwa uphume ithunzi yabazali ezinkulu akuphumelelanga. Wafa ngo-2006.

imithombo yolwazi

Indoda uhlobo kunye umdlali enkulu, umlawuli kunye utitshala waba kaYuri Zavadsky. biography esifutshane kunye PIU iyafumaneka nayiphi na incwadi yesalathiso malunga abadlali Soviet. Kunoko, kukho ngobomi kunye PIU - hayi, kuba ifilim uYuri Alexandrovich ulwalamano zange isebenze ngaphandle. Phezu kwawo ezi zimbini yayidla - "Ekhaya Yu A. Zavadskogo." Yaye "uYuri Zavadsky."

Isizukulwana sangoku kunzima ukucinga isikali ingubani le mntu. Ngandlel 'ithile kaYuri Alexandrovich wayefuna ukuba iteksi, imoto uleqa elidlulileyo. Ngokoqobo, lonke ilizwe Kwavutha umsindo ukuba umqhubi weteksi. Kukho amanqaku amaninzi phantsi kwegama "uYuri Zavadsky, Biography." abadlali Soviet, abalawuli - bonke abasebenzi yeqonga yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, abaphulaphuli wayesazi ixabiso elililo emiboniso kule ndoda ezikrelekrele. Waye banentsomi ophilayo yaye kwinqanaba engafikelelekiyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Yu. A. Zavadsky akazange wayesoyika ukuxhasa umdlali behlazekile kunye nomlawuli. Iqhutywa yi Anatoly Efros wafumana indawo yokusabela yokubonela Yuriya Zavadskogo kwaye yakhiwe ifilimu kunye Plyatt R. F. Ranevskaya "Emva koko -. Cwaka"

esisa

Kodwa yonke indawo, kuzo zonke nqaku ngale umlawuli omkhulu wakhankanya igama umfazi wakhe wesibini. Galina Ulanova and Yury Zavadsky - komdibaniso isibini inkwenkwezi yathatha abanye utsale bobabini. Kuthiwa ukuba uthando lokwenene Ulanova waba I. Bersenev, kodwa umtshato kunye Yu Zavadsky ayenziwanga ipheliswe de ekufeni kwakhe. Kwaye ngenene kunqulwa ubomi bakhe bonke, nangona bathe bahlala ndawonye ayikho elide kakhulu - bakhutshwe ku Kazakhstan. Emva kwemfazwe, baye bayokusebenzela.