Erythropoietin. erythropoietin kwabantu erythropoietin

Erythropoietin (EPO) - glycoprotein hormone olawula izinga erythropoiesis ebantwini. Umchiza ezilungiswayo kuhlelwe kakhulu nezintso, imali encinci (malunga ne-10 ekhulwini) kuveliswe esibindini. Le erythropoietin hormone iyazingenela ukwahlulwa kunye nohlenga zomawokhulu erythroid. Amanqanaba hormone iqala egazini plasma ngabantu enempilo kuyahlukahlukana ngaphakathi uluhlu olubanzi kwaye bomzimba ngokomlinganiselo yoxinaniso haemoglobin kunye neqondo oxygenation izicwili. Umsebenzi kwi wedwa kunye nokuveliswa kwale hormone ukuze amayeza iluncedo kakhulu.

Sakhiwo value ihomoni

Le molecule ibandakanya amino asidi hormone. Xa ukuswela erythropoietin iqala bekusoloko ukuncipha elibukhali kwinqanaba mpilo kunye neeseli ezibomvu ligazi, ukuphuhlisa ekuthiwa-eritropoetindefitsitnaya anemia. wahlala nzima ngenxa yokunqongophala zoxubo ezifanelekileyo Kude kube kamva nje, ukuba loo nokulungiswa lwemithi kwegazi. Namhlanje, kukho intsilelo ngaphezu hormone emzimbeni womntu, oogqirha ukumisela erythropoietin. Amalungiselelo ezifunyenwe kwiiseli isilwanyana apho kushicilelwa ikhowudi sofuzo ngenxa yabantu EPO. erythropoietin yabantu amayeza e-acid acid kunye carbohydrate Ukwakhiwa efanayo hormone zendalo, kwandisa inani iiseli ezibomvu, reticulocytes, iyazingenela biosynthesis mpilo iiseli. Umsebenzi eziphilayo umbandela eliphuma akukho kwahluka hormone iqala. erythropoietin akuthethi ukubonisa iziphumo cytotoxic kwaye alichaphazeli leucopoiesis. Izazinzulu lubonisa ukuba EPO esinxibelelana receptors ezithile eritropoetinchuvstvitelnymi, apho ibekwe phezu kwiseli komhlaba.

Inkqubo zokusulungekiswa erythropoietin abantu amayeza

yabantu EPO amayeza - yenye iiproteni ezininzi amaninzi enziwe kwakhona ziinkampani ezininzi ezizikhulelayo zoxubo mayeza wonke umhlaba ukuze unyango ngamachiza. Umchiza ezilungiswayo kuhlelwe iiseli yamaqanda Hamster IsiTshayina (cho) ngu iindlela DNA sathi. Enye polypeptide chain ayifane EPO iqulethe 165 acid, i ebalwa ubunzima beemolekyuli ka-24,000 Ewe, kwaye waphawula ubunzima molecule ye kwiproteni glycosylated - 30 400 Da. Branch erythropoietin evela ubumdaka ikhutshwa phandle ion-exchange kunye ngobuhlobo chromatography. Human amayeza EPO inalo ukusulungeka 98%.

erythropoietin kunye analogs zayo

Ukukhuthaza inkqubo oogqirha erythropoiesis basebenzisa iziyobisi ezahlukeneyo:

• "Aranesp";
• "Aeprin";
• "Epobiokrin";
• "Bioein";
• "Vepoks";
• "Binokrit";
• "Epokrin";
• "Gemax";
• "Epogen";
• "Eprex";
• "Epovitan";
• "Epomaks";
• "Giperkrit";
• "Eralfon";
• "Eritrea";
• "Recormon";
• "Epostim";
• "Epozino";
• "Epoetin Beta".

Phambi kokuba endaweni analogue erythropoietin, kufuneka adibane nogqirha.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela

neengcali zonyango kaninzi kuye kufuneke ukuba bajongane eritropoetindefitsitnymi anemia (EDA). Eli qela ibandakanya ezimbi zilandelayo:

• anaemia of neoplasms amabi;
• igazi yokuqala abantwana prematurity (phambi kwiiveki 34, umbungu) ezinobunzima umzimba 750 ukuya 1500 g;
• igazi nephrogenic;
• Anaemia yezifo ezingapheliyo (hepatitis C, isifo samathambo, usulelo lwe-HIV, izifo lomsele alimentary).

A isici esasenza anemia ngentla-ngxaki kukuba yokuba baphathwa amalungiselelo zentsimbi. Kude kube kamva nje, uthomalaliso ngempumelelo kuphela ukutofelwa. Ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo unyango kukho inani elikhulu yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nengozi ephezulu yokosulela kwe ezisegazini amagciwane zezifo eziyingozi ezosulelayo (HIV, iintsholongwane hepatitis, njalo njalo), le ndlela amayeza mihla phantse asisetyenziswa konke. erythropoietin yabantu amayeza kunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi ukuba izigulane unesifo "eritropoetindefitsitnaya anemia." Biosynthesis kunye nokwaziswa koluntu EPO amayeza wavula kwixesha entsha ukunyanga kwegazi eritropoetinzavisimyh.

Izimo

Oogqirha azilukhuthazi ukusetyenziswa erythropoietin (manual ulumkisa ngayo) phambi kwezi ezimbi zilandelayo:

• thromboembolism;
• hypersensitivity ukuba ichiza;
• nakwenzeka unyango anticoagulant olusebenzayo;
• idluliselwe stroke ebuchotsheni okanye iposi engabalulekanga;
• angina eziguquguqukayo;
• BP eyenzeke;
• ixesha nabantwana kunye nokuncancisa;
• BP eliyinjubaqa.

umthamo abakwisigaba

Oyidlayo kunye nexesha mali zonyango esekwe ngendlela engathi ibambelela kwezo ngamnye, ngokuxhomekeke ebukhulwini kwegazi, imeko jikelele yomguli kunye nohlobo ngezifo. Ichiza ilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa parenteral. ngeedosi lokuqala ziyahluka kuluhlu ukususela-50 ukuya 150 IU / kg. Ithamo kufuneka zilungiswe ngokuxhomekeka kubudala yesigulane. erythropoietin ke esuke ka-3 ngeveki. Ukuba libanda, lonyuke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Isiphumo ibe ngaphezulu okanye ebonakalayo ngaphantsi emva kweeveki 2-3 isicelo.

effect side

Wena Wamisa erythropoietin kwabantu erythropoietin? Imiyalelo Sebenzisa akukhethi uphuhliso yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Zezi:

• myalgia;
• nesiyezi;
• komzimba;
• ukozela;
• ukuphalaza;
• intloko ebuhlungu;
• sorhudo;
• arthralgia;
• wegazi;
• ubuhlungu esifubeni;
• thrombocytosis;
• tachycardia;
• crisis unesifo;
• yombono;
• steatosis;
• ukuphakamisa umgangatho AST, ALT egazini;
• erythrocyte cell lwegciwane aplasia;
• onokhwekhwe;
• angioedema;
• irhashalala nesikhumba ukurhawuzelela;
• asthenia;
• izigxala, ububomvu kunye nokutshiswa kwindawo wolawulo;
• hyperkalemia;
• ukuncitshiswa protein yoxinaniso plasma ferritin;
• hyperphosphatemia.

zokukhawulezisa Erythropoiesis kwezemidlalo

Kutshanje, rhoqo wasebenzisa iziyobisi "Epovitan" (erythropoietin human erythropoietin). Esi sixhobo ngoku isoloko isetyenziswa kwezemidlalo (emdlalweni, abanxibe impahla, ukuqubha, Biathlon). Uthe ukulungiselela iyazingenela biosynthesis iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunyukeni kokuqulathwe oxygen nganye unit umthamo wegazi kunye, ngenxa yoko, ekwandeni umthamo ioksijini egazini kunye O ₂ nokuhanjiswa Amalungu nezihlunu. Le indlela yokusebenza kwandisa unyamezelo aerobic womdlali. A nomphumela ofanayo liyasetyenziswa xa beqeqesha imbaleki kwindawo neKwaZulu, apho ukunqongophala O ₂ emoyeni ebangela uphuhliso hypoxia, nto leyo yenza ukuba biosynthesis erythropoietin iqala. EPO amalungiselelo zisetyenziswa xa zidityaniswe ne-insulin, hormone ukukhula (GH, somatotropin) kunye stanazolol.

Egqithisileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamalweyile ngendlela "erythropoietin" kweziyobisi kwezemidlalo kunokubangela egazi igazi kukhokelela ekufeni. Ukubona amayeza EPO kunzima kakhulu, kuba iikhompawundi isakhiwo eyenziweyo efanayo analog wayo komzimba, ngoko eli biosoedinenie ayesasebenzisa ngokungekho kwezemidlalo oluphezulu lwe njengoko kweziyobisi.