Lwemibala resistor. Isikhundla resistors amandla scheme

KwiSekethe zombane for resistors utshintsho ngoku zisetyenziswa. iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kubo ezifumanekayo. Isigqibo kuzo zonke ezahlukahlukeneyo iinkcukacha, ngokuba uphawu ngalunye igalelo lwe resistor. Bona ziphawulwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke ukulungiswa.

iintlobo resistors

Resistor - isixhobo ukuba unalo i ukumelana zombane, Owona msebenzi walo - a ngoku umda wesekethe. Industry uvelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo resistors esetyenziswa ezahlukeneyo izixhobo zobugcisa. yokuhlelwa kwazo wenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, omnye wabo - yohlobo utshintsho resistance. Ngokwale yokuhlela eyahlula iintlobo 3 resistors:

1. resistors Fixed. Bathi akukho akukwazeki ukuba lokungavinjwa ukutshintsha isixa yokunganyangeki. Ngesivumelwano, bahlukene ngeentlobo ezimbini: izicelo jikelele kunye ezithile. ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe zahlulwe ngokuqeshwa ukuya ngqo, phezulu-ukuvimba, aphezulu ombane kunye aqhelelkileyo.
2. resistors eliguqukayo (zibizwa ngokuba hlengiso). Yiba ukukwazi ukutshintsha uxhathiso ngokusebenzisa umqheba yolawulo. On uyilo zahluke kakhulu. Kukho lokuhlambela kunye uneswitshi, kabini, kathathu (okt kwi esqwini enye lixhotyiswe ababini okanye abathathu resistor) kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi.
3. Resistors Trimmer. Oku kusebenza kuphela ngexesha kwisicwangciso isixhobo zobugcisa. awafake zabuye zifumaneka kuphela phantsi screwdriver. Yavelisa inani elikhulu zokuguqulwa ezahlukeneyo kwezi resistors. Zisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iintlobo izixhobo zombane nenekhompyutha ezisukela iipilisi lokufakelwa amakhulu orhwebo.

Ezinye iintlobo kuxoxwa resistors zikhankanywe ngezantsi ziboniswa abakuyo.

Ulwahlulo indlela inamacandelo owandayo

Kukho 3 iintlobo ezisisiseko owandayo components elektroniki, bakhwela, eziprintiweyo micromodules. Ngohlobo ngalunye fakelo zizinto yayo, ziyashiyana kakhulu bobabini ngobukhulu kunye noyilo. Isetyenziselwe komhlaba eqhubekayo resistors, capacitors kunye semiconductors. Ukuba ziyafumaneka kunye umkhondo eziphaphazelayo, ukuba zibe soldered kungena wesekethe. Ngenxa miniaturization bezixhobo zombane, le ndlela iya kancane ukufaneleka.
PCB wasebenzisa namalungu amancinane-ertyisi kunye kukhokelela ukuba ngelotha ukuya ibhodi wesekethe eprintiweyo , okanye ngaphandle kwazo. Kuba ezi zihlanganisi necandelo zeesekethe zinamaqoqo contact. kweentambo ezishicilelweyo kwanceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni ubungakanani Iimveliso ze-elektronikhi.

Kuba yoshicilelo obandayo mikromodulnogo wayedla smd-resistor. Bona mancinci kakhulu ngobukhulu, kulula ukuhlanganisa ngemipu machine kwi ibhodi yesekethe olushicilelweyo micro-iimodyuli. Ukuba ziyafumaneka ezahlukeneyo ngegama ukuxhathisa, amandla, kunye nobukhulu. Zizixhobo eziphambili zekhompyutha becala kusetyenziswa smd-resistor.

ukumelana wesiqhelo kunye resistors namandla engathi ngumfanekiswana

ukumelana Standard, ezivakaliswa ohms okanye megohms kiloomah, oko luphawu olusisiseko resistor. Eli xabiso kuboniswa imifanekiso wesiphaluka, lisetyenziswa ngqo resistor kwi khowudi oluza. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokufuthi busetyenzisiwe resistors umbala-coded.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo sesibini resistor - sayo ukusasaza amandla, lubonakaliswa Watts. Nayiphi resistor ngokugqithisa ezikhoyo itshiswa, ngamanye uyakhululeka. Ukuba eli gunya kune ixabiso obuvumelekileyo le resistor icwangcisa intshabalalo. Phantsi notation umgangatho resistors amandla e-Scheme phantse ekhona njalo, eli xabiso udla isicelo kunye nezindlu zawo.

Ukunyamezelana ukumelana wesiqhelo kunye nokuxhomekeka yayo kwiqondo lobushushu

Okubaluleke kakhulu ke isiphoso, okanye ukutenxa ixabiso ngegama, kulinganiswa ngo ipesenti. Akwenzeki ukuvelisa kanye resistor imangalelwe ixabiso uxhathiso kufuneka ukuba ukutenxa ixabiso kwangaphambili. Le Imposiso iboniswe ngqo kwi emzimbeni, kaninzi ngokohlobo ikhowudi imivumbo ezinemibala. Kuqikelelwa njengepesenti yexabiso ukumelana eliyimali.

Apho kukho ukwehla okukhulu lobushushu, ixabiso ukumelana oluqwalaselekayo lobushushu ukuxhomekeka okanye iqondo lobushushu ukungavumelani kwe ukuxhathisa, izifinyezo - TCR njengoko kulinganiswa kwiiyunithi ekhoyo PPM / ° C. TCS ibonisa ntoni ebeyinxalenye yenkcaso olutyunjwe utshintsho resistor ukuba ukunyuka lobushushu kokugquma (kunciphisa) nge-1 ° C.

Esinemiqathango mfanekiso circuit notation resistor

Xa iziphaluka ngokuzoba kufuneka kugcinwe GOST 2.728-74 kwemiqathango ngeempawu graphic (ASB). Le resistor nawuphi na uhlobo - yinto mm uxande 10x4. Xa imizobo yalo ephunyelelweyo ezinye iintlobo resistors. Ngaphandle ASB, ndlela leyo efunekayo resistors amandla kwisekethe, kubelula uhlalutyo yayo ngenxa imibuzo. Kule theyibhile ilapha ngezantsi kudweliswe ASB rhoqo ukuxhathisa, ebonisa amandla ukusasaza.

Ngezantsi ifoto ibonisa resistors esiqingqiweyo bamandla ezahlukeneyo.

notation esinemiqathango olubonakalayo lwe resistors variable

ASB resistors eziguquguqukayo isicelo isigama kwakunye resistors ezisisigxina, ngokutsho urhulumente umgangatho GOST 2.728-74. Le theyibhile ibonisa umfanekiso ezi resistors.

Eziguquguqukayo ifoto kunye trimmer ziboniswa apha ngezantsi.

resistors isiqu Standard

nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ukuchaza ukuba uxhathiso olutyunjwe resistor kwisekethe kwaye resistor yahlukile kancinci. Imithetho le ngokwe, kunye iisampulu imizekelo ziboniswe kule theyibhile.

Le theyibhile ibonisa ukuba lokutyumba amacebo resistors ukumelana rhoqo wenza ikhowudi enombala, kuqala kukho lixabiso lenani lovukelo, ngoko ke iiyunithi yokulinganisa. Umzimba iphambili resistor samkelekile imiqondiso yedijithali endaweni isiphumlisi ukuba zisebenzise le leta ukuba ohms, waza wabeka R E okanye, ukuba kiloomah, incwadi K. Xa ekuphawuleni megohms endaweni isiphumlisi kusetyenziswe unobumba M.

Umbala esephepheni of resistors

kwenziwa Umbala esephepheni of resistors ukuba kube lula ukufaka ingcaciso kwiimpawu zobugcisa izindlu zabo. Ukuze wenze oku, isicelo iziqwenga umbala ezininzi imibala eyahlukileyo. Uqulunqo nje iziqwenga ezenziwe imibala eyahlukileyo 12. Ngamnye kubo inentsingiselo yayo ethile. Umbala khowudi lusebenza resistors edge kwi ichanile ephantsi (20%) lisetyenziswa zephetshana 3. Ukuba ukuchaneka ngasentla, umlo ukuba sele iziqwengana 4 ibonwe.

Xa ngobuciko eliphezulu resistor lisetyenziswa imicu 5-6. Xa siphawula equlathe imicu 3-4, ezimbini zokuqala amele ixabiso ukumelana, nesiqwenga wesithathu - oku lingabali, kuya iphindwe eli xabiso. band elilandelayo ngendlela resistor. Xa siphawula esifaka 5-6 osisingela 3 ixutyushwa uxhathiso kuqala. band Okulandelayo - ngumba, isijungqu 5 elivumelana ukuchaneka 6 - lobushushu ingumlingani.

Ukungafihli iikhowudi umbala we resistors, kukho iitafile Ukubheka.

Resistors SMD

Surface iNtaba - oku xa zonke iinkcukacha ababekhwele ukusuka emthondweni wesekethe eprintiweyo. Kulo mzekelo, musa kukwemba imigodi amalungu obandayo, nanzo soldered ukuba emthondweni. Ngokuba lo shishino ufakelo uvelisa uluhlu olubanzi smd-amacandelo: resistors, ode, capacitors, izixhobo semiconductor. Ezi zinto zincinane kwaye ubuchwepheshe ifanele ukuba indibano ezenzekelayo kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa smd-amacandelo unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka ubungakanani Iimveliso ze-elektronikhi. Umphezulu Ntabeni elektroniki phantse indawo zonke ezinye iintlobo.

Ekubeni zonke iingenelo fakelo kuqwalaselwa ukuba kukho inani kuneengxaki.

1. ibhodi yesekethe ezishicilelweyo eyenziwe oku, uloyiko kunye nezinye imithwalo umothuko ngomatshini, njengoko oku amacandelo smd-yonakele.
2. La macandelo boyika nobushushu ngexesha ngelotha ngenxa umahluko bomelele, babe ivale temeratury. Le isiphako nzima ukubona, sukube kwenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza.

isiqu Standard smd-resistor

resistors Okokuqala-smd ezi nobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Ubukhulu incinane - 0402, i ngakumbi kancinane - 0603. Eyona ibaleka ubungakanani smd-resistor - 0805, yaye ngakumbi - 1008 kule ubukhulu alandelayo 1206, kwaye inkulu - 1812 resistors linobungakanani amancinane kakhulu kwaye namandla eliphantsi kakhulu.

Isikhundla smd-resistor yi ikhowudi ekhethekileyo lwamanani. Ukuba ubukhulu resistor yi 0402, oko kukuthi incinane, loo nto ayifani. Resistors ezinye ubungakanani Ukongezelela bahluka wesiqhelo ukunganyangeki ukunyamezelana: 2, 5, 10%. Zonke ezi resistors ziphawulwe elinemivo-3. I wokuqala nowesibini kubo ukubonisa mantissa, eyesithathu - inomlingani wokuphindaphinda. Hi xikombiso, le khowudi 473 ufundwa njengoko R = 47 ∙ ka 10 ³ ohms = 47 ohms.

Zonke resistors, apho abe-1% ukunyamezela, kunye nobungakanani phezu 0805, ziphawulwe elinemivo emine. Njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili, amanani yokuqala ibonisa mantissa ihlelo, kwaye into kubonisa inani lokugqibela. Umzekelo, ikhowudi 1501 kumi njalo: R = 150 ∙ Januwari ¹⁰ = 1500 ohms = 1.5 kOhm. Ngokufanayo, funda yonke khowudi.

The concept elula

Ukonyulwa ezichanekileyo amacebo resistors kunye nezinye izinto - imfuneko esisiseko yemigangatho karhulumente kuyilo Iimveliso ze-elektronikhi kunye zombane. Lubeka imithetho phezu iisimboli resistors, capacitors, inductors kunye namanye amacandelo beesekethe. Kulo mzobo ubonisa kuphela resistor okanye enye isiqalelo zeesekethe, kodwa ukuqina kwayo ngegama, negunya, kunye capacitors - voltage yokusebenza. Ngezantsi kukho umzekelo ingqiqo elula iziqalelo otyunjwe umgangatho.

Ulwazi zonke ngokwe aqhelekileyo graphic nokufundwa codes exube ezithile zale nkqubo iya kwenza kube lula ukuqonda siseko ukusebenza wesekethe. Eli nqaku lithetha resistors kuphela nezinto beesekethe lukhulu.