Makropody (fish): ukuvumelana kunye nezinye iintlanzi akwariyam

Fish makropody ngumhlobo nosele aquarists, zombini ezinamava kunye basandula kuqalisa ukuzisebenzisa. Le ntlanzi kwiparadesi - elinye igama makropody - kunye izikhokeli aba yayingabantu bokuqala akwariyam aseYurophu, yaye nangona ukungafani zangoku zabantu abahlala kwelo khaya umxholo liye landa kakhulu, intlanzi yokuzalwa makropody - hayi indawo kuphela, apho ezi zilwanyana iinzwana ezingenasiphako, aphile. Ke kudala bafunda ukuzalela ekuthinjweni.

Kubonakala ngathi le makropody fish

Imbonakalo oyiparadesi intlanzi iyahambelana ngokupheleleyo kunye negama layo. Indibaniso imibala kunye izithunzi ubuhle, mhlawumbi, esona sizathu siphambili ukuthandwa le hlobo alipheli. umzimba makropody enemilo okweqanda, atshabalalisa macala omabini, elide ubude. fin lokuqala esiswini ukuba side, ngathi ray. amaphiko Long kunye amaphiko ventral zibukhali, nomsila - olusabufolokhwe, fin anoboya. Apho makropody iintlanzi ezihlala uhlobo, ubude ukuya kwi-11 cm eyindoda, 8 cm iimazi. izinto emanzini lukhule ngaphantsi - malunga nama-6 -8 cm.

Ukupeyinta a zinemizila imivumbo eqaqambileyo, cross ububanzi tye. Imibala: imivumbo emnyama ebomvu, ajike abe elibomvu eqaqambileyo, ngelinye oluhlaza, oluhlaza, yaye ngamanye amaxesha yelamuni, imigca. Ukongezelela ukhetho umbala ezi makropody abamnyama kunye albino.

Ngoku siyazi ukuba kukhangeleka ngathi makropody iintlanzi. Le ifoto ingezantsi ibonisa ukuba krasivitsa ntoni.

kwezitabane

Makropody (fish) -samets, ngaphandle kobukhulu, lubonakala ngokuba umbala oqaqambileyo, nohlaza kunye neenkqubo nemisontwana ngomsila. Buvele inye inkunzi amaphiko: i amanakani okanye ezimpundu. Abasetyhini zingavela ajikelezayo ngakumbi, xa isisu amaqanda abo oqolileyo.

Ubomi kwindalo

Homeland fish makropody - kummandla Asia. Ezi umdak ifumaneka China, Korea, Vietnam, Cambodia, iLaos, eJapan, mpuma Asia, Taiwan. Ezinye iintlobo makropody ahlale ngempumelelo amanzi United States Madagascar, apho Bathotyelwa ngokuzenzela.

Baya kusinda kuyo nayiphi na amanzi amileyo: imilambo nemnogovodnyh, amachibi, imigxobhozo, amachibi, musa bangafuni nokuba emfutshane emijelweni, ukudada emasimini. Ukukhula kwiimeko ezinzima, ivumela isakhiwo ekhethekileyo izibilini. Nature wasinika umzimba makropody yendaleko - ilungu mibono nokuphefumla. emithanjeni ezongezelelweyo igazi iigilizi kuvumela ukukhululwa oksijini evela emoyeni komoya. Makropody lo msebenzi kufuneka ucinge xa ezithutha intlanzi ukusuka kwindawo obuyithenge ukuya akwariyam: phakathi impahla zamanzi kunye inshorensi kufuneka kushiya isithuba amancinci emoyeni. Makropody - fish eye eliphezulu, ukuba kukho likaxakeka ngaphandle kwamanzi (akwariyam lungqubene, umzekelo). Nje musani kakubi ngayo.

indlela yokuphila

Aquarium fish (makropody) kususwe ngempumelelo waya udidi izilwanyana kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-100 eyadlulayo. Zabo kuqala wachaza semvelo uKarl Linney ngo-1758 nabo. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-yeshumi elinesithoba, iparadesi iintlanzi ezintle eUre phantse zonke akwariyam eYurophu, kunye izikhokeli kakhulu zithandwa. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala yamashumi nabo sadibana baba ngabahlobo kunye bama Russia.

Makropody yafumana igunya kungekuphela nje ngenxa yobuhle bayo, kodwa nabalulamileyo. Homeland fish makropody uhlobo akwariyam baziqhelisa indlela yokuphila Spartan kunye nokutya nabalulamileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kunye nokwandiswa kweentlobo zentlanzi ngenxa iintlobo umxholo akwariyam makropody udumo lehla. Yintoni le ngxaki? Ngapha koko, i-smart kunye amahle nabalulamileyo? Isibakala sokuba makropody sasingabalweli eyoyikekayo, ingakumbi abangamadoda. Baya kulwa ekufeni kunye nabanye kunye namalungu nezinye iintlobo. Ukuze ahlale nabo akwariyam eqhelekileyo kufuneka ukwazi amanye amaqhinga.

Ukugcina sivalelwe

fish Aquarium - izidalwa ubushushu-onothando. Homeland guppies fish makropody, catfish, gourami, efana kakhulu nezinye iintlobo ethandwa - ilizwe kunye nemozulu efudumeleyo. Ngaphandle koku, kukho ukufudumeza amanzi okhethekileyo makropody akwariyam, ngokungafaniyo kwabanye, ingafuneki. makropody Lone okanye isibini Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uhlala kwindawo eqhelekileyo ilitha ezintathu-embizeni. Akukhathaliseki njengoko ukwakheka imichiza, ngokuba lukhuni kunye indlela esebenzayo yamanzi. Ezi abahlali ingabi amile nkqu ngathi amanzi (a ukhetho olukhulu abanikazi isilwanyana eyonqenayo). Iqondo elilelona kwiintlanzi yokuhlala - 20 ^{ukuya malunga} -24, nangona elifutshane elide ukumelana ukufudumeza enkulu kakhulu ^malunga 38 okanye ^malunga 8 ukuya zokupholisa. Nangona lula, kuba onengubo intlanzi esempilweni kwaye ezintle imibala eqaqambileyo kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa inkathalo efanelekileyo.

izixhobo Aquarium

Nangona isibakala sokuba omnye okanye emibini makropody Akujongwanga ukuba ibe yinto lwezindlu ebanzi, ukuze bakhule iintlanzi ezinkulu kunokuba akwariyam banzi. Isixa kakhulu efanelekileyo cookware - 10 L, kwaye inani intlanzi - up to iilitha ezingama-40, kuxhomekeka kwinani leesampulu. Njengoko Umhlaba osetyenziswa isanti, iingqalutye, igrabile okanye udongwe eyandisiweyo. Le ncwadi kungcono ukubeka maleko ezimnyama nama-5 cm.

Yintoni enye oyidingayo ukuze akwariyam, ukuba isityalo, yaye lukhulu. Ngokuba ukutyala emhlabeni ezifanelekileyo vallisneria, peristolistnik kunye hornwort, ungayidlulisa phezu duckweed, Oophunguphungu kunye lisiza like. Ngapha koko makropody uya azive esekhaya etyholweni liya kuba nako ukuzimela kumhlobo enogonyamelo kakhulu ababhinqileyo. Le njongo ke wakhonza kunye neentlobo yomhombiso akwariyam: ngeembiza baphuke, izindlu, amanzi, amatye, nemiqolomba. Ukukhanyisa Beka isiqulatho intlanzi neemfuno ezifana kuyimfuneko ekukhuleni lisiza.

Ngaphezu itanki elo legqunyiwe isiciko imigodi umoya. Inyaniso kukuba makropody nimble Nathi ayephuma emanzini. Ukuba umxholo ulindeleke akwariyam jikelele xa ezinye iintlobo zentlanzi ofuna ukuyicoca, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba eyicwangcisa ngaphandle anamandla.

Makropody: ayahambisana nezinye iintlanzi

Ubuvila amabutho makropody ukuba ziqaphele yokukhetha abamelwane bayo. ukuhlaselwa kwerhamncwa kungekuphela ezinye iintlobo zentlanzi, kodwa idlelane lakhe, aze afumane nabasetyhini ezolileyo ngakumbi ulutsha. Lungelelanisa kufana ngepaint ababini kuba amadoda amabini. Abanamava amateurs okugcinwa bayazi indlela tame the mlilo nephuku. Iintlanzi kufuneka bakhuliswe, kodwa esemncinane. Ukuba ndaxheleka "uluntu" makropody ukuba akukho ngaphezu kweenyanga ezimbini, zikhula kunye nabanye, kwaye baqhele ukuba ukuhlasela hayi kuphela kule ntlanzi inkulu, kodwa ngenxa amancinci. Ukuba senza le abadala akwariyam, kufuneka ukwazi eminye imithetho:

• Makropody ukufumana kunye veiltail.
• Awukwazi ukulungisa kunye izikhokeli, guppies, gouramis, angelfish, neon.
• Nokuhlaliswa ngexesha uphinde ubuye intlanzi kubonwa njengomphambukeli, kwaye ihlasela.
• Kunqandwe umhlaseli enkulu kwaye ukuzola Fish: Zebrafish, synodontis, izinkcwe kunye nabanye.
• Awukwazi ukulungisa kunye neenkunzi ezimbini ezingamantombazana kufuneka yokuhlala.

ukudla

Makropody - intlanzi ukusuka kudidi ezidla, ngoko ngokwemvelo bakhetha ukudla ubomi, nangona nemifuno feeds kakhulu. Ngamanzi yendalo ukutya engundoqo iintlanzi babe abahlali ezincinane, izinambuzane, nto leyo imginye makropody, etsiba ephuma emanzini.

Xa okugcinwa makropody kudla zonke iintlobo feed yeentlanzi. Uninzi ezikhethwayo ezi umdak 'ubomi bloodworms, abenzi ipipi. Shrimp Frozen, iingcongconi kwindawo abamnyama, cyclops, daphnia ngaphambi kufuneka zinyibilikisiwe. Ephatha ngayo iparadesi iintlanzi okuthambile amaqhekeza ekhaya, kodwa imveliso onjalo kufuneka nje uju esinqabileyo. ukutya pet Dry eziqulathe carotene, uphucula umbala elubengezelo intlanzi, kodwa musa uzibeke isiseko ekutyeni.

Makropody bahlala belambile - kukho yonke into yaye ixesha elininzi amanyathelo akazi. Ukunqanda kukuzingxala ngokutya ukutya kancinci, kabini ngosuku. Xa akwariyam, ezi abongikazi ukunqanda ukwanda ngokugqithiseleyo ziimpethu, iinkumba.

nokuzalana mthinjwa

Fumana makropody umntwana ophile ekuthinjweni kulula ukuba uyayazi iimpawu amaqanda abo. Nokuzala ukulungele ukuba balobe xa eneminyaka iinyanga 8-7. Ukumisela ukulungele ujungujungu imazi ibe olunyuswe yi isisu ajikelezayo. Igumbi for "umntwana" eliqeqesha kufana akwariyam eqhelekileyo, kodwa nantsi sele kuyimfuneko nomoya amanzi. Special mibono zomzimba uvela kuphela kwiveki yesibini.

A kwiveki ngaphambi besasaza sibini ezahlulwe kwaye ngokugqithiseleyo wondla. I zidala lokuqala ihambisa "uyise" kwaye ngemini elandelayo - imazi. Nangona nephuku, makropody - ootata onenkathalo kakhulu nendlu. Baya kwakha a indlwane of amaqamza phezu echibini, a Ingca yolwandle, ezibethelelwe iqabane lakhe aze asincede ukuba yayama phandle amaqanda, ngokuyambathisa ngeenxa zonke. Ezininzi ezi ndlela, yaye onke amaqanda kwi kwindlwane. Emva koku "mama" kufuneka athathe kude 'esibhedlele "ngokuthi" Bawo, "luqala ukuqhuba kude, kakhulu ngolona hlobo, nabo bonke banyamekele Qhotsa ukususela ngoku luthatha.

Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa Imibungu kuvela, kunye ikhefu. kakhulu utata obathandayo kufuneka zisuswe ebantwaneni. Yalusani Qhotsa infusoria, mirkokormom, iqanda sac. Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva koko, zinokulungiswa ngayo, eshiya abantu imibala eqaqambileyo. Kuba abo baza ungazizekisi makropody kufuneka sina ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na iimeko elilelona, ukuhlela uncedo ukufumana eqaqambileyo intlanzi kunye nemilo rhoqo.

yonke Inkqubo amaqanda, ukuziphatha iintlanzi ngexesha ukwakhiwa njengendlu yentaka esuselweyo, abayi kusibekela abo - umdla kakhulu kwaye enomdla ukuba bagcine inkqubo.

I-avareji Ixesha wobomi kwi makropody akwariyam - leminyaka esi-8. Iintlobo ixhaphakileyo kwamatanki zethu kugqalwa mbala zakudala makropody ezahlukeneyo. Black, krasnospinnye kunye kruglohvostye iintlobo - ezinqabileyo utyelelo amanzi ekhaya.

Classic nezahlukeneyo

iintlobo zentlanzi Classic lweenkobe eTshayina, okuhambelana ngqo ekuchaza ubukhulu kunye imilo, ineenketho eziliqela ukuze imibala. Eyona ziqhelekileyo: obomvu, kunye noblowu-eluhlaza umnqamlezo-imivumbo kwi imvelaphi emdaka, nemisonto emsi, amaphiko, intloko kunye isisu blue ukukhanya. blue asithandwa ngaphantsi makropody - indoda, usisi kunye back nemfusa intloko nomzimba, umbala oluhlaza. Smooth bomvu naorenji - imibala iintlobo-ntlobo ezaziwa makropody ezinqabileyo. Kwakhona ku okugcinwa bakwazi ukuhlangabezana albino makropody. Ezi iisampulu unawo umzimba emhlophe, lisuke labuna amaphiko pink, amehlo imivumbo emthubi ebomvu amandla emacaleni.

neentlobo ezinqabileyo

Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo usapho lwabo Classic ziyahluka iintlobo makropody ezinqabileyo, ezifana abamnyama, yaye krasnospinny kruglohvosty.

• Eyona ngoxolo zonke uhlobo - intlanzi makropody black (ifoto emileyo). Abantu iintlobo abamnyama lilikhulu kancinci nje kwezinye iintlobo. Endalweni zifumaneka inxalenye esemazantsi Mekong. makropody Zolani na isikhumba umbala zonke izithunzi brown nemibala yaye ndiyingwevu, ihonjiswe na engenamaphiko aluhlaza, ebomvu okanye Gorovaya. Kodwa kwimo bokuvukelwa blackens ngumsindo lokoqobo yeli gama. Yaba amandla akhe ukutshintsha umbala palette waza wenza ithandwa. Lingcwaba lomfo kudidi ezinqabileyo, ezesizwe uhlobo olunyulu ngokorhwebo kwenzeka kungafane, kodwa inkqubo ezilahlekileyo umbala yokhetho ntumbuluko.

• Krasnospinny makropody ekwabizwa ngokuba isilivere: umzimba kunye amaphiko yebala layo obomvu-and-zesilivere, ibe ngumqobo oluthile lokukhanya, placers perile uphoswe. Ngomsila kunye amaphiko alo neyo mbini lomculo.
• Kunqabile phakathi kubaqokeleli, bama kruglohvostaya okanye makropody intlanzi Chinese. fish ezweni - Taiwan, Korea, kwimpuma China. Inani intwana yentlanzi akwariyam kubangelwe awohluke ngayo umxholo. Oqhele ukuya ebandayo yasebusika yemvelo, le ntlanzi kufuna sokupholisa isithuba ^wamanzi 10-15, kwindawo efudumeleyo akuthethi zizale. Ukongeza, ukuhlala ekuthinjweni akukho iminyaka engaphezu kwemine, ngokufuthi mycobacteriosis abagulayo.

Umdla malunga makropody

Noko ke, nabalulamileyo ukuba iimeko zangaphandle kunye makropody zezitya, ezidweliswe kwi-Book oluBomvu njenge iintlobo efuna ukhuselo. yonke Ingongoma zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. uphuhliso Active loqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nophuhliso imimandla emitsha kukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni iindawo zokuhlala ezifanelekileyo paradesi yeentlanzi.

Caviar uphosa ababhinqileyo, kuba kuvalelwa wakhe kwanda isiphumo esibi kwimpilo, njengoko caviar kuguga. Kuba abantu abangamadoda ukuba zidala rhoqo, 2-3 mkrozweni mnye, phezu koko, kungakhokelela komzimba, kwada kwasekufeni.

EYurophu, wokuqala kwiparadesi iintlanzi yabonakala eFransi ngo-1869.

Makropody - intlanzi ikrelekrele, ukuthanda kwakhe ukubukela bade badlale.

Makropody - wokuqala iintlanzi akwariyam inkcazelo elingene imilinganiselo, ngokukodwa olu khuphiswano yaququzelelwa kubo eJamani ngowe-1907.

Umnqweno iindidi ezintsha ezikhethiweyo imibala makropody kukukhokelela yokuba imibala luthuthu nezimoshakeleyo zempilo iintlanzi.

Le ngumfuziselo Moscow Society of akwariyam uvezwa makropody. Bathanda it for ekunyaniseni ubuhle. Nangona makropody uhlobo ugly ukukholisa iinkosi zawo ngamaxesha onke.