Petrushka imbali yeqonga kunye nokusebenza. unodoli-show

Ekukholelwa ukuba khona yonopopi mihla Indiya kunye neTshayina Ancient. Kamva olu hlobo art yedemokhrasi iye yabekwa kuluhlu bantsebenzo ehanjiswayo, mhlawumbi Gypsies, eGrisi yamandulo, kwaye ukusuka apho kulo Europe. Xa onodoli wabonakala kwilizwe lethu, oku akwaziwa, kodwa abantu theatre Russian Petrushka malunga amathathu eminyaka, lidumile phakathi kwabantu bayo yonke iminyaka yobudala kunye iiklasi.

prehistory

Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba kukho iintlobo-3 in Russian yonopopi :

• iphaphethi, apho oonodoli usebenzisa intambo;
• Petrushka theatre - namanani abalinganiswa, woonopopi osusa eminweni yakhe;
• nesigcawu - yeqonga apho onodoli aqine ukuba intonga uze ukuhamba ngapha slits eyenziwe kwibhokisi ekhethekileyo.

Le ndlela yokugqibela yayithandwa kuphela kwimimandla emazantsi eli lizwe kunye eSiberia, bada nopopi kwenkulungwane ye-19, ngenxa ukuntsonkotha amanani yokusebenza, zasetyenziswa kunqabile. Ngoko ke, ethetha Russian pre-revolution iphaphethi ibonisa, ngokufuthi na engqondweni yeqonga Petrushka. Got igama layo ukusuka umlinganiswa imisebenzi ephambili bechwayitile, badlale phandle esitratweni.

Ngubani parsley

Le lesiqhulo wavuka isikhuseli iphaphethi, wayedla onxibe ngayo ihempe ebomvu, iibhulukhwe zelinen kunye cap zincopho zininzi kunye ak. It ayide icace ngokupheleleyo kutheni ubuso bakhe ngokwemveli iimpawu "non-Russian 'apha. Xa intloko ethile, yakhe ngokugqithiseleyo ezinkulu izandla, ubuso elimdaka, amehlo ezinkulu wom-emile yaye impumlo kuhlala ulixhoba. Kungenzeka, parsley imbonakalo olubangelwa into yokuba sidalwe ngokomfanekiso kunye imfano Italian Pulcinella.

Ngokubhekisele uhlobo umlinganiswa, u ta va u ukukopela kunye egoso ongakwaziyo ukubhala nayiphi na imithetho.

Imbonakalo Petrushka

ERashiya, le phaphethi simele iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga uIvan Ratyutyu wabonakala ngenkulungwane ye-17. Nangona kunjalo, le isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunye negama layo lokugqibela, lafumana kwiminyaka engama-200 kamva. Hi ndlela leyi, parsley amelwe njengoko Petro (ngamanye amaxesha Petrovich) iviniga.

Inkcazelo yemidlalo kusekwangoko

Ngenkulungwane ye-17 izimvo zase wadlala ngaphandle screen. Okunye ncam, yokubonela zemveli Petrushka isityholo ukubandakanyeka zolinganiso enye kuphela kuqhina isondo ibhanti. Ukuze emqukumbelweni yakhe athungwe ihupula kokuphuma elijikajikayo phandle ukuba woonopopi emehlweni prying efihliweyo. Waba iingalo zakhe ngokukhululekileyo nokumela izigcawu inxaxheba abalinganiswa ababini. Kulo mzekelo, eliqhula phantse lonke wasebenza ngokubambisana kunye inkokeli bearish kwaye wenza njengoko imisebenzi upopayi.

Inkcazelo yeqonga emva kwenkulungwane ye-19

Ekubeni 1840s baqalisa ukuba wasebenzisa screen. Kwakugcwele izakhelo abathathu, ukuba ngesteyipla kwaye kwaqiniswa chintz. Yena wafaka phantsi emhlabeni, wayifihla le woonopopi. uphawu olugunyazisiweyo, ngaphandle kwayo akunakwenzeka ukucinga yemiboniso Petrushka, yaba umphanda-omzimba. It izandi touted abaphulaphuli, kwaye ngasemva eliqhula screen ukunxibelelana noluntu ngokusetyenziswa impempe elizinikeleyo. Ebudeni komsebenzi, ahambe abaleke ukuba abaphulaphuli a parsley isuti: i impumlo elide kunye cap ebomvu. Kulo mzekelo, i grinder organ waba iqabane lakhe kunye yayidlala imifanekiso ahlekisayo.

onodoli

Theatre Petrushka, imbali apho akukaqondwa kakuhle, lajongwa njengoyena nobudoda kuphela. Ilizwi woonopopi yaba squeaky kunye elikhulu, usebenzisa impempe okhethekileyo, impempe, nto leyo lifakwa umqala. Ukongeza, le woonopopi wazama ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu libi ngentsini ngamnye kwi joke yakhe.

iziza

Udlala Theatre (parsley eyona zabo, kodwa hayi hero kuphela) zazikhona pretty obungabangeli mdla. imixholo Main: unyango kunye noqeqesho emkhosini, intlanganiso kunye nomtshakazi, Ukuthengwa kunye nokuvavanywa amahashe. Imifanekiso walandela omnye komnye ngendlela ethile. Ixesha komsebenzi kwakuxhomekeke elide kangakanani abaphulaphuli olungaka ingqalelo yabo yokusebenza ezitratweni.

Kuthatha indawo kolu luhlu lulandelayo:

• Parsley ugqiba ukuthenga nehashe angamaGypsy-profiteer. Uye wasebenza elide kunye nomthengisi. Emva koko lo msebenzi endibulala kuye, yaye ibetheke lwesigypsy umntu ukubaleka.
• Parsley uzama ukukhwela ihashe, kodwa iinkunkuma kuye uhamba emva Baryshnikov, eshiya ubuxoki Namaqhinga nangoku.
• Ugqirha uza. Ucela Petrushka malunga ukuhlolwa kwakhe. Kubonakala ukuba ukongeza iwaka izifo. UGqr parsley kunye ukulwa, ngenxa yokuba isigulane ubiza ugqirha makangazi. Yendele waphula truncheon zonyango entloko.
• Ukuvela qho ngekota kwaye abuze parsley kutheni wabulala ugqirha. Dodger esabela ukuthi "abantu ababi inzululwazi yabo uyazi." Emva koko, parsley iyayilwa club ngekota kwaye ombuleleyo. Resorts inja. Parsley atyekela kubaphulaphuli kwaye acele uncedo kuye. Emva koko uzama ebil inja kwaye uthembisa ukuba ukondla inyama yakhe ikati. Dog ilahlekile Petrusha impumlo kwaye tsala kude. Kule ntetho yaphela, yaye abaphulaphuli asasazeke.

"Petrushkina Wedding"

Ngamanye amaxesha, ngethuba Carnival kunye namanye amatheko, ukusebenza iminqweno oluntu akwazi kuqhubeka ixesha elide. Emva koko sasidlala le ndawo "Wedding Petrushka". indaba yakhe epheleleyo kunye bokungakhathali kwakungandonwabisi. Petrushka wazisa umtshakazi, leyo wabancina ngendlela ngokungathi ihashe. Emva wavuma ukutshata mtshakazi yaqala ukweyisela elide "mbingelelo" ngaphambi kokuba batshate. Ukusuka kule ndawo kwi yokusebenza ababukeli bebesuka, ukurhoxisa abantwana. Amadoda eseleyo ngolangazelelo waphulaphula iziqhulo ezingcolileyo parsley.

Kwabakho isiganeko nombingeleli okanye kunobhala wenkundla. Noko ke, ngenxa yezizathu ukuhluza ukuba ezingaqukwanga nayiphi na yeengqokelela, apho izicatshulwa ngeembono kunye parsley iye yabhalwa.

"Ukufa"

Phakathi abalinganiswa yeqonga Petrushka naye omnye kakhulu semfene, ngubani ophumelele umlinganiswa ophambili. Yaba Death, leyo emva kwengxabano ngomlomo Balisusa kunye parsley. Noko ke, uTshawe kungekudala ovusiweyo kwenye indawo. Le nto yaba sisizathu sokuba into yokuba abanye abaphandi baqalisa ukufumana ikhonkco phakathi parsley ezingamaqaba oothixo, ezithi wafa makhulu yaye waphila apha kwaye apho.

EMoscow ezinkundleni yonopopi

Phambi akakho Oktobha Revolution of esebenza rhoqo amaziko enkcubeko, kwaye emiboniso zaye amalungiselelo abaculi olunye ezitratweni okanye eminqubeni, okanye bacelwa kumakhaya abantu kangangokuba ukwamkela iindwendwe. I zemidlalo yokuqala ngokwenene unodoli eMoscow yaqala ngo 1930. Eyona idumileyo ekugqibeleni yaba likhulu ehlabathini. Le Theatre. Obraztsov. Le ibekwe kule dilesi: ul. Sadovaya-Gravity, d. 3. Ngaphandle kuye, malunga ngexesha elifanayo wabonakala kwikomkhulu Moscow iPhaphethi Theatre, ekuqaleni wadala ukuba ukukhuthaza iincwadi zabantwana. Nguye zaboniswa lizwe kwaye lazisa ababukeli ukuba imisebenzi ezintsha ababhali yiSoviet, ebhalwe ingakumbi kubantu abaselula.

Kamva, kwakukho nezinye amaqonga unodoli eMoscow: "Neyonga Amandla Xa Indanda", "Firebird", "Enhle", "Chamber" kunye nabanye. Kuzo ungabona ukwenza kungekuphela nje abantwana, kodwa imidlalo, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa abantu abadala nabo.

Iphaphethi Theatre "Petrushka"

Ukuze alondoloze amasiko zomsebenzi isitalato Russian abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, Andrey Shavel kunye opeyintayo Valentina Smirnova waququzelela iqela ezitsha zobuciko. Wabiza Russian Abantu Theatre "Petrushka" kwaye wangenela ngo-1989 kwisixeko Frezino.

ulungiselela Ithiyetha ntetho elide imizuzu 30 esitratweni kwaye uzame bangakhe balinge baphume ecaleni ekuveleni zemveli ngemizekelo nomkhuba.

Ukuvela yeqonga "Petrushka" kungenxa elitheni abasunguli balo ukulondoloza kangangoko izinto ubunzima yesitalato ubugcisa kwiinkulungwane ngaphambili.

Emiboniso kudlalwa kwaye ngaphakathi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ababukeli bafumana imbali parsley yeqonga Russian farcical. Xa umsebenzi wayo, abadlali sebenzisa izixhaso, i ngqo screens ikopi nonodoli ukuba langaphambili, ukonwabisa abaphulaphuli kwizitrato izixeko Russian kwiminyaka 150-200 eyadlulayo.

Ngoku uyazi indlela kwakukho unopopi Russian intsomi yeqonga. Parsley kunye namhlanje enomdla abantwana, ngoko qiniseka ukunciphisa ukuba umdlalo elithile indlela buffoonery.