Scheme Tesla transformer. Tesla transformer - Umgaqo ukusebenza

Tesla transformer (Umatshini yokusebenza siseko cinga ngezantsi) yaye elilodwa lomenzi ngo-1896, ngomhla we-22 Septemba. Le fowuni ilungiselelwe njenge isixhobo evelisa nemisinga zombane owodwa rhoqo. Icebo kokusungulwa Nikoloy Tesla waza wasithiya emva kwakhe. Makhe siqwalasele phambili esi sixhobo ngokweenkcukacha.

Tesla transformer: siseko ukusebenza

Kakuhle eli sixhobo uyicacise umzekelo ujingi ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Xa gungqa nabo ngesinyanzelo awo oscillation, yona eliphezulu, kuya kuba ngokomlinganiselo amandla ekubonelelwe. Xa gungqa kwimo simahla, i awo ubuninzi kwi imigudu efanayo uya kwandisa amaxesha amaninzi. Lo ngumongo kunye Tesla transformer. Njengoko lisetyenziswe izixhobo evuna yesekethe oscillation eziziisekondari. Generator udlala indima yokuba amandla isicelo. Xa kunamathelwano yabo (ukutyhala kwindawo yamaxesha ngqongqo kuyimfuneko) ezinikwa inkosi oscillator okanye isiphaluka wokuqala (ngokuhambelana ne kwisixhobo).

incazelo

Simple Tesla transformer yenziwa jiko ezimbini. One - eziziiprayimari, kunye nezinye - secondary. Kwakhona, intlokoma sombane Tesla iquka toroid (akusoloko kufanelekile) capacitor arrester. Last - full - sifumaneka IsiNgesi inguqulelo Umsantsa spark. Tesla transformer nayo iquka "indlela yokuphuma" - terminal.

ohlobo

Primary iquka ngokuqhelekileyo ucingo bepali enkulu okanye ityhubhu sobhedu amathuba amaninzi. In Ikhoyili zasesekondari onendawo enqamlezileyo engumdibaniso icandelo cable ezincinane. ohlobo zayo - malunga 1000. I-coil ephambili abe (ethe tye), etsobhileyo okanye zezindlu ifomu tyaba (nkqo). Apha, xa kuthelekiswa nesiguquli eqhelekileyo, akukho core ferromagnetic. Ngenxa oku kunciphisa efanayo phakathi jiko kakhulu. Ndawonye capacitor luyinto ebaluleke ephambili kwisekethe jinga. Oku kuquka arrester - into nonlinear.

Ikhoyili eziziisekondari uzoba isekethe jinga. Njengoko capacitor kunye nesenzo zabucala toroidal amandla bayotywe (interturn). Ukusongwa secondary lidla isale lacquer okanye umaleko epoxy nentlaka. Oku kwenzelwa ukuthintela ukuwa yombane.

arrester

Scheme Tesla transformer ibandakanya ezimbini electrode omkhulu. Ezi zinto kufuneka zimelane flow ngokusebenzisa electric arc kwemisinga eziphakamileyo. Omnye kufuneka isithuba adjustable iyintsimbi- elungileyo.

terminal

I Tesla transformer resonant, le nto ingase kufakwa kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo. I-terminal inokuba sphere, diski okanye pin ziloliwe. Iyilelwe ukuba ukuvelisa nokukutshelwa yintlantsi enokuxelwa kwangaphambili kunye ubude olukhulu. Ngenxa yoko, bobabini yesekethe oluhamba oscillatory zenze Tesla sombane.

Amandla asuka Etere - enye yeenjongo izixhobo zokusebenza. Umsunguli sisixhobo wafuna ukufumana inombolo wave Z 377 ohms. Oku kwenziwa yonke Ikhoyili enkulu. Normal umsebenzi (full) Tesla sombane inikwa kwimeko apho bobabini iisekethe lumiselwe eziya kwi-frequency efanayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwinkqubo hlengiso lwenziwa phantsi wasele zamabanga aphakamileyo. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokuguqula capacitance le capacitor. Kwakhona, ukutshintsha inani amathuba eziziiprayimari nosuka de ombane output ubuninzi.

Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke ukuba udale i Tesla sombane elula. Amandla emoyeni uya ukusebenzela uluntu ngokupheleleyo.

ukusebenza

Tesla transformer isebenza kwindlela idaleka. Isigaba sokuqala - intlawulo capacitor ukuya lokonakala ombane alahlwayo element. Second - kwisizukulwana oscillations eliphezulu rhoqo kwisekethe zaseprayimari. Okuqukiweyo arrester ukufana azivalele sombane (unikezelo lwamandla), ukuluyeka evela kumphathi wesekethe. Kungenjalo, uya kwenza ezinye iilahleko. Oku kuya kunciphisa factor umgangatho sekethe zaseprayimari. Njengoko practice ibonisa, oku kunciphisa ngokubonakalayo ubude nokukhutshwa. Kulo mba, lo arrester yesiphaluka kakuhle ndiyakhileyo isoloko ibekwe ngaxeshanye ukuya kumthombo.

imali

Ikhupha njengomthombo yangaphandle ombane aphezulu ngokusebenzisa indlela esezantsi-rhoqo step-up sombane. Le capacitance capacitor uyonyulwa ukuze kunye inducer kwachazwa nentaba. esasidla yayo intlokoma kufuneka ilingane kwisekethe aphezulu ombane.

Ukuziqhelisa, bonke eyahlukileyo kancinane. Xa kubalwa yenziwa Tesla sombane akujongwa energy leyo uya kumphathi wesekethe sokumpompa yesibini. ombane limited abize ombane kwi abana breakdown yintlantsi. It (ukuba umoya element) zilungiswe. Le ombane breakdown ilungiswa xa ukutshintsha imilo okanye umgama phakathi electrode. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko zazisuka 2-20 kV. uphawu ombane akufuneki ukuba kakhulu 'elifutshane-yesekethe "capacitor, nto leyo utshintsho rhoqo kophawu.

esizukulwaneni

Emva kokuba ombane yokuwa ekufikelelwe kuso phakathi electrode, udaka iinkcukacha zombane ze gesi eyenziwe arrester. Wokuqhuba capacitor lwenzeka kwi-coil. Emva koko kabukhali kunciphise Ukucalucalulwa ombane ngenxa eziseleyo ion igesi (abathwali charge). Ngenxa yoko, kuqulethe capacitor kunye isekethe yokuqala oscillation coil wesiphaluka kuloo msantsa ihlala ivaliwe. Kusetyenzwa intlokoma ophezulu rhoqo. Bona ngcembe damped, advantageously ngenxa kwilahleko ethubeni yintlantsi, kwakunye ukukhathalela coil yesibini amandla electromagnetic. Kunjalo oscillations kuqhubeka de ibe imali eyaneleyo sangoku iveliswe ukugcina abathwali ezibiza kwi ombane arrester yokuwa ngaphantsi kakhulu ngaphezu awo of oscillation LC-wesekethe. intlokoma ivela kwi sekethe ezizisekondari. Oku kukhokelela terminal eliphezulu ombane.

kokulungiswa

Nayiphi na uhlobo scheme bomsindo Tesla sombane, iisekethe lesibini nelokuqala kuhlala ingatshintshwanga. Noko ke, elinye amacandelo element usisiseko kuba loyilo ezahlukeneyo. Ingakumbi, le Umvelisi oscillations ophezulu rhoqo. Umzekelo, kule ukulungiswa SGTC element yenzelwa phezu umsantsa yintlantsi.

RSG

Tesla transformer amandla eliphezulu luquka uyilo ngxuba le arrester. Ngokukodwa, kumayelana imodeli zikanomathoth. Imele ukuba bokushicilela spark Gap. Oku kungenziwa iguqulelwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: umsantsa yintlantsi rotary / kume okanye rotary kunye arcing izixhobo (ezongeziweyo). Kulo mzekelo, lekhefu okhethiweyo sokuquqa yokusebenza yolunye sokuquqa capacitor kugesi. Uyilo umsantsa yintlantsi rotary iquka injini (ngokubanzi ke zombane), drive (kokutshintsha) kunye electrode. Yakutshanje okanye elifutshane, okanye kufutshane imbuyekezo amacandelo beesekethe.

Ukukhetha indawo zoqhagamshelwano kunye isantya ojikeleza ngaso esekelwe uphindaphindo frequency ezinqwenelekayo Ukuvutha oscillation. Ukungqinelana uhlobo lolawulo motor izikhewu yintlantsi rotary umahluko olungenangqamaniso kunye yolunye. Kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa batshintshana gap yintlantsi kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba arcing obusekelwe ekumfimfitheni okuphakathi i electrode.

Kwezinye iimeko, umntu eqhelekileyo multi-sigaba kwesidingo arrester kuguquliwe. Ukupholisa eli candelo ngamanye amaxesha abekwe dielectrics sukube okanye engamanzi (ioli, umzekelo). Njengoko i arc eqhelekileyo mlilo abafumana arrester-manani kusetyenziswa kuhlambulula i electrode kunye nomoya jet enamandla. Kwezinye iimeko, Tesla uyilo sombane zakudala kuhamba umsantsa yintlantsi yesibini. Injongo yale element kukukhusela ephantsi zone ombane (ukutya) bokukhutshwa komoya aphezulu.

isibane coil

In VTTC ukuguqulwa usebenzisa kwimibhobho cleaner. Bedlala indima yokuba Umvelisi oscillations aqhelelkileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuba izibane enamandla kakhulu ezifana ne-SU-81. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana uyilo ephantsi-amandla. Enye phawu kulo mzekelo kukunqongophala imfuneko ombane aphezulu. Ukuze ufumane inqanaba elincinane kakhulu, kufuneka malunga 300-600 V. Ukongeza, VTTC ngenkankulu uvelisa ingxolo ukuba kwenzeka xa kuthelekiswa nesiguquli Tesla isebenza ngapha umsantsa yintlantsi. Ngophuhliso electronic Bakwazi lula kakhulu nokunciphisa ubungakanani device. Kunokuba ukuyila izibane baqala ukusebenzisa Tesla transistors sombane. Adla ngokusetyenziswa element vuvabyi kwamandla efanelekileyo kunye yangoku.

Indlela yokwenza Tesla sombane?

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, i element vuvabyi isetyenziselwa lula kuyilo. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, kungcono kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa i transistor effect entsimini. Kodwa disorder lula ukusebenza kunye nabo bangenamava ngokwaneleyo kwindibano umbane. Oyinkampani ohlobo kunye uqhagamshelwano umqokeleli lwenziwa wire 0.5-0.8 iimilimitha. Iinkcukacha kwi kwicingo ombane aphezulu kuthathwa 0.15-0.3 mm zamafu. Kumalunga 1000 amathuba. Kwi ekupheleni 'shushu' lo coil jiko ibekwa. Power zikwazi ukuthathwa nesiguquli-10 V, 1 A. Ngenxa unikezelo amandla 24 V okanye ngaphezulu okuphawuleka zandisa ubude obhobhozayo corona. Generator zingasetyenziswa KT805IM transistor.

Isicelo kwefowuni

Xa ombane output zingafumaneka kule volts million eziliqela. Oku uyakwazi ukuyila inqanaba ezihamba emoyeni. Nevuthisayo ngexesha ke, usenokuba ubude multimeter. La ke imbonakalo ibenomtsalane kakhulu ngabantu abaninzi. Lovers Tesla transformer sisetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuhombisa.

Le Umsunguli isicelo izixhobo ukulungiselela ukuveliswa kunye andise oscillations ezilungiselelwe kwi izixhobo ulawulo engenazingcingo kule ngingqi (ulawulo unomathotholo), iinkcukacha kunye namandla. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, Tesla coil yayisetyenziswa njengonyango. Izigulane ziphathwa oluvela rhoqo kwemisinga buthathaka. Baya kuqhubeka asemoyeni umaleko obhityileyo eluswini, kungabi kakubi amalungu zangaphakathi. Kulo mzekelo, nemisinga enikiweyo ekuvuseleleni elolonga ukusebenza komzimba. Ukongeza, nesiguquli esetyenziswa kwi ucinezelo obhobhozayo yesibane ukubhaqa ezivuzayo kwiinkqubo cleaner. Noko ke, kweli xesha lethu, ukusetyenziswa iphambili sixhobo kufuneka luthathwe ulwazi nobugcisa.

imiphumela

Bona enxulumene nokusekwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo obhobhozayo gas ngexesha lokusebenza kwefowuni. Abantu abaninzi ukuqokelela Tesla abaguquli, ukuze babe nako ukubukela iziphumo okumangalisayo. unit Total uvelisa iintlobo ezine kokukhutshwa. Ngokufuthi, ungabona indlela ezintlwini ihamba nje kude Ikhoyili, kodwa swi izinto nisekelwe kwicala lakhe. Basenokuba uba isithsaba ukuvutha. Okuqaphelekayo kukuba, ezinye iikhemikali (ion) xa isicelo terminal angalutshintsha yokumpompoza umbala. Umzekelo, ion sodium kwenza iorenji yintlantsi kunye boron - eluhlaza.

nesisila

Oku oqhumayo elivuthayo imijelo branched obhityileyo. Bona ziqulathe atom zegesi insimbi kunye electron ezamahala zahlulwe kude kubo. Ezi khupha oluphumayo kwitheminali coil okanye amaqhekeza abukhali kakhulu ngqo emoyeni. Xa ezingundoqo yayo, i drive kunokuthathwa air ionization ebonakalayo (ukuvutha ion), eyenziwe sombane BB-endle.

arc

It ukhandwa kakhulu rhoqo. Umzekelo, ukuba sombane ngokwaneleyo amandla, le arc ukuze abunjwe ngethuba usenza intetho kwi-terminal, nisekelwe into. Kwezinye iimeko isihloko ibhola emnyango, uze ukunikezelwa umgama liyenyuka arc elula. nobhobhozayo umonakalo amacandelo e engonelanga ukuthembeka kunye namandla jiko.

spark

Le yintlantsi ophetheyo uhamba iindawo ezibukhali okanye ngqo kwi-terminal emhlabeni (into nisekelwe). Yathetheka ke inikwa ngohlobo ngokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, okanye shwaka iziqwengana Imicu eqaqambileyo, branched kakhulu yaye ngokufuthi. Kukho kwakhona uhlobo olulodwa yokumpompoza yintlantsi. Wabiza endiza.

corona benza

Eli chweba ion eziqulethwe emoyeni. Ifike entsimini zombane kakhulu wagxininisa. Isiphumo esiluhlaza, kumnandi ukuya ukukhanya iliso ngeenxa amacandelo BB uyilo kunye esime indawo enkulu.

iimpawu

Ngexesha nokusebenza transformer onokuva njengokuqhuqhumba zombane iimpawu. Le meko kungenxa yinkqubo apho nesisila senziwa similise channels yintlantsi. Oko kukhatshwa ukunyuka okukhulu umlinganiselo wamandla kunye yangoku. Kukho ukwanda okukhawulezayo yejelo ngalinye kunye stepwise nokwandisa uxinzelelo kuyo. Ngenxa yoko, phezu kwimida amaza akhiwa. ukuhlanganiswa kwabo kokwandisa itshaneli lenza isandi kubonwa sibange.

exposure Human

Njengoko omnye umthombo ombane omkhulu onjalo Tesla coil linokugqiba. Kodwa kukho nenye uluvo malunga iintlobo ezithile nezixhobo. Ekubeni eliphezulu-rhoqo ombane aphezulu kukuthi, isiphumo ulusu kwaye ngoku libe lisalele kakhulu emva kwisigaba ombane kwaye ngoku iphantsi kakhulu, nangona inako kukhululeka umzimba womntu awukwazi ukubacaphukisa nayiphi zokuma okanye ezinye izifo emzimbeni.