Temple of kuZeyus metopes yayo

Siya kuhamba nohambo lokwenene ubone izinto ezimangalisayo. Funda into entsha, wenze ezifunyanwa. Phambi bethu silindele ukuba adventure nezimanga, ngesandla somntu. Ufuna kwabanye, kunzima ukucinga ukuba into enjalo kunokwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, itempile sikaZeyus e Olympia. Le igcina kwiziko emangalisayo kuphela izakhiwo, kodwa ilifa lenkcubeko Greece yamandulo. Apho iintsomi beza ebomini, kwaye abalinganiswa zabo kwaziswa phambi iindwendwe kaThixo. Kodwa eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kukuba amatye endala ugcine ukukhunjulwa kwabo ntsomi ukuba wayengazi ukuba wonke.

Imimangaliso mandulo nangoku

Kuzo zonke iinkonzo kunye Ukholo inani magic, nto leyo wothulelw iipropati ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ziquka ezintathu, ezintandathu, sithoba, elishumi nesixhenxe. It kutshanje yakhethwa ukuba ukujonga izakhiwo kakuhle yamhlamnene. Mhlawumbi akukho umfo ongamenzanga sivile malunga ezisixhenxe ehlabathini. Oku amazing izakhiwo zokwakha mandulo, ngendlela eyothusayo okumangalisayo nobukhazikhazi. Xa luhlu Gardens waseBhabheli, indlu ka-Artemis, i Umakhi, nkqu iinqanawa.

Kutheni ezisixhenxe hayi ezilishumi, umzekelo? Olu luhlu zabuya kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, xa abantu babanqula, oothixo. Omnye wabo Apollo, nguye yaba inani ezisixhenxe. Uthetha malunga obugqibeleleyo kwakubonakala kubantu uthixo ukukhanya. Enye walibiza Febos, bona bubonakala "bakhazimla, ukhanyayo".

Njengokuba ixesha lihamba, inkqubela eye wavumela abantu ukuba ukudala inkqubo entsha yokumiswa engaqhelekanga. Namhlanje, le izimanga olwenziwe ngumntu kufunyanwa kumazwe amaninzi. Mhlawumbi nangoku kwindawo ethile ukwakha isakhiwo esitsha, nto leyo eya kuba ukubetha ingqalelo yabantu.

Oothixo endala

Kunzima ukuba bathi abantu omnye kuvunyelwa ukuba abe nempumelelo, ufundile cultured. Mhlawumbi, ukholo lwabo wabanika amandla bangqale ezincotsheni ukuphelela kubo.

E Greece yamandulo kukho oothixo abaninzi abantu babenqula ekuzameni ukuphumeza iinjongo zabo. Phantse nayiphi na into yendalo kubalelwa impembelelo yabo. UThixo Boreas moya wasentla, inkosi yelo kwelanga Apollo, Poseidon, inkosi ezinzulwini zolwandle. Kwakufuneka ezininzi zezidalwa etsomo, inkunzi nemazi.

Abantu babekholelwa ukuba iimvakalelo zabo bonke ubomi buxhomekeke. Bazama lokungxengxeza oothixo, ukuze esingasingisi ingqumbo yabo. iindawo Yenziwe yonqulo, leyo ifumana amawaka okholwayo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, yonke engcwele zakhiwa, ezifana iTempile kaZeyus eAtene.

isakhiwo esihle

Kwiminyaka 471-456 BC. e. Kuye kwakhiwa engaqhelekanga kwi ngezakhiwo kunye nobukhulu sakhiwo. Oku itempile kaZeyus e Olympia, eyenzelwe Libo, umakhi Greece yamandulo. Amawaka zabanquli zazithontelana apha agobe amadolo lakho, bathandaza kuThixo ukuze kuxolelwe izono.

Namhlanje bekuya kuba nzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba baqonde ubukhulu esi sakhiwo. Kodwa ngethamsanqa namhlanje walondoloza iziqwenga ezininzi. Izazinzulu, ababhali-mbali kunye abembi ukufunda imibhalo yamandulo yesiGrike uPausanias, bakwazi ukuvelisa ifomu ngaphambili iTempile Olympian kaZeyus.

pediments

Ukuba sasikwazi sijonga isakhiwo ngaloo mihla, xa wakhanya okumangalisayo, bekuya kuba nzima ukukhangela kude. Ziziphi ezinye gables yayo. Oku ukugqitywa olungaphambili kwesakhiwo, nto leyo anqongophele ngenxa neengqameko lophahla kunye wophahla ukwakha imilo ngunxantathu.

Ukususela entshonalanga, iTempile kaZeyus e Greece ukuba ezihonjiswe imizobo ze imfazwe phakathi Centaurs kunye Lapiths. Ngokutsho intsomi, abemi eThessaly zaye abamenyiweyo, beze emsithweni abamelwane bakhe. Kodwa centaur onxilileyo yagqiba utshontsha ilobolo incurred ingqumbo kwisizwe sakhe. A umzabalazo luqhubeka, apho afunyanwa yi-Lapiths. Le Isiqwenga kukhethiwe ngengozi. Ukuba amaGrike amandulo, yena isimntwiso ke uloyiso impucuko phezu yokungazi nezobundlobongela.

Inxalenye Eastern ezihonjiswe kwenye indlela eyahlukileyo. Apha uboniswa iphupho Polepose kunye yatshabalala ngesandla sakhe ukumkani Oenomaus. Amanani kubonakala ukuba ahambisane ngakumbi, kwaye ibekwe kude enye kwenye. Ngembali oyikholelwayo ukuba ezi ziqwenga zibini zenziwa yi iinkosi ezahlukeneyo.

metope

rhoqo nakumphezulu isakhiwo zinokuhonjiswa umtya Iizilebhu zamatye triglyphs. yayisoloko I yokuqala wambu imifanekiso. La macwecwe ngokuba metopes. Namhlanje, abanye uyakwazi ukubona myuziyam eGrisi, kodwa inkoliso yabo igcinwe Louvre.

Zonke metopes zetempile kaZeyus e Olympia united ngesihloko omnye - elinambini imisebenzi ka uMofokeng. Lo mlinganiswa kukhethwe. Kuba amaGrike amandulo It ngokuxhaphaza kwakuthetha okrelekrele indoda boyise ububi iyinto ukuyichaza. Images amalungiselelo ukuze nabasemzini, kuqale isishwankathelo yokuqala kunye itshekhi yokugqibela. Zonke ezi iyathanda bokwakha obungaqhelekanga zaba kulungiselelwa kuphela umbono ezinomtsalane eziphambili.

Ukuba ujonga endlwini kaZeyus e Olympia (iifoto okanye imizobo), ukuze uqaphele ukuba ezinye metopes zayo nangengalo nkqo. Kungenzeka ukuba ingcamango womzobi. Wayefuna ukuba isakhiwo buhle eliphezulu, umnqweno othile phezulu.

Wonder yehlabathi

Nangona bonke ubuhle yokwakha, bawazisa yayo akandifanele ukuze oqingqiweyo, leyo ibekwe ngaphakathi. Temple kaZeyus e Athens, nibe uzuko ukuba ummangaliso kwehlabathi. Nangona saba yokuhlala enjalo.

Xa iziko kolwakhiwo etroneni enkulu wahlala kuZeyus. Yaba oqingqiweyo ka-15 leemitha. Khawucinge nje ubude besakhiwo kunye nemigangatho ezine.

Zeus wakhangela ebetha: a omkhulu, elivuthayo ngamehlo omlilo. Konke oku wezakhiwo kuye kwaphunyezwa ngoncedo lokukhanya, nto leyo refracted ezindaweni ekunene, babugubungela ubuso mfanekiso. Zonke omzimba kaThixo eyayenziwe ngegolide, yaye itrone zemisedare nemisimbithi, yaba sisithabathaba. Intloko uthixo phantse ochukumisa eluphahleni sakhiwo.

Jonga kuye bevela kulo lonke ihlabathi. Abantu abaqhelekileyo kunye nabalawuli enkulu. Lo mbono ushiya akekho ngabandayo. Kwaye ke kukho umboniso obalaseleyo iimpumelelo yamaGrike amandulo zenzululwazi.

Abazalwana abaninzi yawa phantsi ngomqolo kwi phambi mfanekiso. Abanye ixesha elide ukuba eme ngeenyawo zakhe, ebesoyika ukukhangela emehlweni nengwenya kaZeyus.

imbali complex

Umbhali wale omkhulu iye yaba Phidias - nomkroli neAtene. Ukuba kubhekwe kunye ubukhulu, kuba wadalwa kwisakhiwo esikhulu. Ipharamitha ziyafana etempileni sikaZeyus e Olympia. Usebenze umbhali kunye nomzalwana wakhe kunye nofundiswayo.

Kamva, yawo phantsi nokubuyiselwa eziliqela. Oko kuphela wasinda iinyikima zomhlaba, nemibane. Akukho kanye weba entanjeni yegolide.

Umlawuli waseRoma wayezimisele ukufeza Zeus, kunye nezinye iindawo ezinika umdla leyo, yangqinayo ukuya yokoyisa kwakhe. Kodwa njengoko ibali uhamba, xa abasebenzi waya etempileni, lo mfanekiso waqala ukuhleka kakhulu. Kakhulu luvalo, asaba kuwo onke amacala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva koko akukho mntu ubenobuganga ukwenza omnye umzamo.

Xa ubuKristu baqala yathandwa, yaye yenze recovery, iitempile zabahedeni waqala ukuvala. Ezinye iirekhodi ezo maxesha kwakusazeka ukuba mfanekiso yafudukela eConstantinople. Kwaye apho ke yatshatyalaliswa ngomlilo, ngenxa yokuba isakhelo yonke yayenziwe ngamaplanga.

amanye amabandla

Hayi kuphela itempile Olympian kaZeyus yaba Likhonkco iindawo. Xa gadi isixeko ibekwe ingcwele zekhompyutha Hippodamia. Apho wenziwa eluthuthwini izilwanyana wombingelelo esibingelelweni kaZeyus.

Yayibiyelwe uAshera ye indawo kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki; Kumanqanaba, uhlanga umkhondo, zada yeqonga. Ezi zakhiwo ibekwe kwisangqa. Bona Zazihonjiswe kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo yoothixo kunye Amaqhawe ixesha. Nje emva kwawo wamiswa enye isangqa. Ezi izitulo ukuba ababukeli. Kwakukho imigidi zorhwebo. Ngexesha Imidlalo, Olympia similise kwimarike enkulu. Amawaka abantu bahlanganisana kwindawo enye - loo nto yaba ishishini enkulu.

ezafunyanwa ngabembi bezinto

Iminyaka emininzi, kancinane sasingaziwa ncam esi sixeko emangalisayo. Yonke into evula amehlo abantu - a ntsika ezimbalwa kunye neendonga. Wayedlula, wabona ukuba ngaphandle kokuba izilwanyana ahamba amabhodlo ndawo kanye enkulu. Izinto ezembiwayo kwenziwa kuphela kwinkulungwane XIX. Abembi bezinto zakudala French kuba itempile kaZeyus e Olympia wavula ezininzi metopes zayo noseko.

Kamva, abasemagunyeni zamaGrike baye bagqiba ukwenza Ukumba ngokunyanisekileyo. In search of adventure nokufumanisa off bezinto zakudala baseJamani. isivumelwano sasayinwa; konke ukuba, ngokomthetho, abe eGrisi. Kwakunokwenzeka ukuba kutyhila kancinane. Ngoko ke, bambalwa kakhulu abantu bephila emva koko wabona endlwini Olympian kaZeyus - imifanekiso bakhe kunye nemizobo kuphela.

Abembi bezinto zakudala baye benza umgudu omkhulu ukuze ekugqibeleni sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha kwendawo, uyenze ikhadi. ngaphambili iitempile ayaziwa, izakhiwo kuba kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki zavuleka. Bafumana imisebenzi ezizodwa zobugcisa kunye imibhalo anqabileyo.

Pediments zetempile kaZeyus, nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo woloyiso, "ngokuba nguHermes kunye kweemveku yayinguDionysus," umsebenzi Praxiteles - konke oku amazing indalo oqingqiweyo.

Ezi ezifunyaniswe nje kube lula ukufunda uphuhliso lwezakhiwo kunye nobugcisa. iingxelo ezininzi eziye zafunyanwa ngexesha bemba baphalaze ukukhanya kubudlelwane yezopolitiko Greece yamandulo.

ukubona

Kungakhathaliseki indlela ukuchaza bobukhulu izakhiwo nanto eli xesha, ukucinga ukuba yintoni na ngokwenyani engenakwenzeka. Akukho imizobo okanye iifoto abakwazi indawo imvakalelo xa ubona yonke ngokwenyani.

Ukuze gxwa emoyeni, va "ukuphefumla" ubudala ubudala beendonga, yiya eAthens. Temple of Olympian kaZeyus imelwe kwimiqolo elinesihlanu iziseko. Xa park zakudala uyakwazi kwakhona ukubona mnths bamaRoma, Basilica kwenkulungwane V.

Kubonakala ngathi ukuze abe ngamatye umdla. Yiba ngeso kancinane. Khawucinge nje ngeziganeko baye, abanye abantu baye babona. Chukumisa ihlabathi lamandulo. Kuthiwa ukuba amatye ugcine yonke inkcazelo efunyenwe ngexesha khona kudala. Kusenokufuneka ukuba ukuvula iimfihlelo zabo nezimanga.