Types omculo. Zintoni izibopho malunga nokuqulunqwa kwenqaku izixhobo?

Orchestra - iqela leemvumi badlala izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa musani hambanisi kunye lomculo. Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ukuba iintlobo bhanti. Kunye nezixhobo zabo zomculo kunye nokwenziwa ndingcwaliswe.

ezahlukeneyo orchestra

Iokhestra yahlukile ukusuka lomculo yokuba kwimeko yokuqala, izixhobo efanayo zidibene ngokwamaqela, udlala ngazwinye, oko kukuthi uncuthu eqhelekileyo. Kwimeko yesibini, imvumi nganye njengemvumi - idlala indima yawo. "Orchestra" - igama lesiGrike, lithetha "dance floor." It eyamisa phakathi kweqonga kunye nabaphulaphuli. Le sayithi sasikhona ngoma. Wajonga ngathi okhestra umhadi mihla. Kwaye phezu kwexesha, neemvumi baqalisa ukuhlala apho. Igama "Orchestra" got amaqela-izixhobo.

Types labadlali:

• Symphony.
• Umtya.
• Brass.
• Jazz.
• Ezahlukeneyo.
• Orchestra of Folk Instruments.
• Military.
• School.

Ukubunjwa yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zomculo echazwe ngokungqongqo. Symphony liqela izixhobo umtya, yesandi kunye nomoya. Umtya kunye nomoya omculo luqulathe izixhobo ezihambisana namagama awo. Jazz inokuba Ukuqamba ezahlukeneyo. Pop orchestra ibandakanya umoya, umtya, zezihlokomiso, ipiyano kunye isixhobo somculo.

bemlandela imihlobo

Choir - yinto a lomculo enkulu yeemvumi. Amagcisa kufuneka bungabi ngaphantsi kwe 12. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi iikwayara ababehamba orchestra. Iintlobo-okhestra ezahlukeneyo kunye nekwayari. Kukho ukuhlelwa eziliqela. Okokuqala zonke iikwayara ziye zohlulwa ngokwendidi ngokwendlela bayokuvota kuqamba. Ezi kungabandakanya: eyindoda, nemazi, engumxube, abantwana kunye iikwayala zamakhwenkwe. Indlela yokwenza yesizwe eziBekekileyo kunye nemfundo.

Kwaye ke ikwayara zihlelwa ngokwenani basebenzi bantsebenzo:

• Abantu 12-20 - lomculo bathetha kunye weekwayara.
• 20-50 abadanisi - Chamber Choir.
• 40-70 iimvumi - avareji.
• 70-120 nxaxheba - ekungqungqeni enkulu.
• 1000 amagcisa - uhlanganiswa (amaqela amaninzi).

Liwonga Iikwayari ayo yahlulwe: imfundo, umsebenzi, engahlawulwayo, ibandla.

symphony orchestra

Ayizizo zonke iintlobo-okhestra ziquka imirhubhe waqubuda. Eli qela iquka: violin, cellos, violas, basses. Omnye bands, equka usapho umtya-isaphetha - Symphony. Wadiliza embalwa amaqela ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iintlobo ezimbini-okhestra: ezincinane nezinkulu. Eyokuqala unalo isakhiwo zakudala: nelembande 2, lo bassoon enye, ऑप्टीमायझर isilungiseleli, oboe, imibhobho, iimpondo, akukho imitya ngaphezulu kwama-20, maxa wambi yimigqomo.

Symphony Orchestra kunokuba kuqamba. Oku kungabandakanya imitya-60 okanye ngaphezulu, iityhubhu, ukuya ku-5 timbres ezahlukeneyo kunye trombones pipe-5 ukuya ku-8 isiFrentshi Iimpondo, Yimbande 5 oboe, ऑप्टीमायझर isilungiseleli kunye bassoon. Kusenokwenzeka kwakhona ziquka iintlobo ezifana kwiqela ngobhedu, njengoko oboe d'amore, a piccolo, bassoon, uphondo IsiNgesi, saxophones zonke iintlobo. It inani elikhulu zezixhobo zibuphekhashini, kungafakwa. Kaninzi okhestra symphony enkulu iquka omzimba, ipiyano, harpsichord, nangohadi.

ubhedu band

Phantse zonke iintlobo bands nentsapho kumafa zabo izixhobo umoya. Eli qela luquka iintlobo ezimbini: zobhedu kunye neenkuni. Ezinye iintlobo-okhestra luqulathe kuphela umoya zokubetha, ezifana nomoya kunye nabezomkhosi. Xa uhlobo yokuqala, indima engundoqo ukudlala lesigodlo, iintlobo intaba, tubas, Baritone, esandi. izixhobo Secondary: lwexilono, ixilongo, Uphondo French, nelembande, saxophones, clarinets, oboes, bassoons. Ukuba ubhedu band mkhulu, badla khona ukuba zonke izixhobo zandisa amanani. Kakhulu ngamaxesha zingadityaniswa kwi uhadi keyboard.

Yaba nkulu bobhedu bands zezi:

• Imingcelele.
• engqungqa umdaniso yaseYurophu.
• Opera kwiindawo.
• Symphony.
• Ikonsathi.

Brass bands kuvela kaninzi kwiimarike esitratweni okanye ahambe mngcwabo, ngokuba bekhalisa anamandla kakhulu kwaye eliqaqambileyo.

Orchestra of Folk Instruments

repertoire yabo ibandakanya ubukhulu becala imisebenzi uphawu lwesizwe. Yintoni ukwakhiwa kwawo instrumental? isizwe ngasinye unezakhe. Ngokomzekelo, xa orchestra Russian izixhobo zomculo womthonyama ziquka: balalaika, ihapu, dobro, zhaleyka, amakhwelo, accordions iqhosha, rattles njalo njalo.

A band empini

Kuye sele kuluhlu iintlobo bands, eziquka izixhobo ngumoya yesandi. Kukho omnye ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo ibandakanya ezi maqela mabini. Oku zomkhosi. Baya bakhonza ukuba zivakalise izithethe emkhosini, imisitho, kwakunye nokuthabatha inxaxheba kule Ikonsathi. bands zomkhosi yeentlobo ezimbini. Abanye kuquka zibuphekhashini, nobhedu. Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba eyohlobo olulodwa. Uhlobo lwesibini - kwizibophelelo mixed emkhosini, ukuba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufuneka kumafa labo iqela ibhrasi.