Ubume bale iiplanethi: komhlaba core, yokwaleka, uqweqwe

Ukubunjwa zomaleko ezinzulu Umhlaba iyaqhubeka ukuba omnye wemibuzo zibangel bezenzululwazi, kanti ekuqaleni seismologist kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini wakhe Gutenberg kunye H. Jefferson lenze umfuziselo isakhiwo lwangaphakathi umhlaba, njengoko apho Umhlaba wenziwe kweemaleko zilandelayo:

- umongo;
- Ingubo;
- eqweqweni.

Umbono yanamhlanje lobume yangaphakathi planethi

Phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela ngokususela nevuthisayo ngexesha data wenyikima, izazinzulu ziye kufika kwisigqibo sokuba ingcambu esingxotyeni isixhobo ezimbaxa ngakumbi. Kwangaxeshanye, wezazi bafumanisa ukuba undoqo Umhlaba yohlulwe zangaphakathi nangaphandle, nengubo enkulu ubunjwe lamanqanaba ezimbini: phezulu nasezantsi.

iqokobhe engaphandle Womhlaba

kuqweqwe lomhlaba - akuyona nje phezulu, eyona wayenechaphothi; kodwa kakhulu kakuhle bafunda kuzo zonke kunokudala kumphezulu womhlaba. ubudeki balo (power) ufikelela kwincopho phantsi ezintabeni (malunga 70 km) kunye ubuncinane - phantsi ehlabathini ulwandlekazi (5-10 km), amandla umyinge kolu qweqwe lomhlaba phantsi amathafa isusela ukusuka km-35 ukuya kuma-40. Inguqu esuka kolu qweqwe lomhlaba ukuya yokwaleka kuthiwa kumda Mohorovicha okanye Moho.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kuqweqwe kunye inxalenye ephezulu wementile zenza umhlaba ilitye esingxotyeni - lithosfere kabani ubukhulu nemiqulu km-50 ukuya 200.

Emva lithosfere yi astenosphere - yathamba ulwelo layer kunye viscosity eliphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, eli candelo othile kumphezulu womhlaba bukaThixo ibizwa ngokuba umthombo mlilo, ekubeni kulo nepokotho iziqina ngokugalela kuqweqwe phezu komhlaba.

Inzululwazi anesiko ukwahlula iintlobo ezininzi uqweqwe yomhlaba

I elizwekazi okanye kumazwekazi kunabela ngaphakathi kwimida ezishelifini elizwekazi ibandakanya abangelwe, lenyengane geysovogo kwaye izaleko ludaka. Emini lenyengane geysovogo layer abangelwe ekuthiwa kumda Conrad.

Ocean liquka ezintathu: a abangelwe enzima, ukwakheka basaltic, udaka kunye intlenga exineneyo umaleko lamatye nesanti ludaka.

Submaterikovaya ixolo - uhlobo senguqu, ibekwe kwimiphetho zangaphakathi kunye neelwandle eziseludinini, kwakunye phantsi ajike siqithi.

uqweqwe Sub-yolwandle iyafana kubume ukuya olwandle, ngokukodwa eziphuhliswe kakuhle kummandla inxalenye ezinzulu yolwandle kunye imingxuma enzulu yolwandle.

udibaniso Geosphere

I ingubo imalunga 83% ye lonke ivolyum emhlabeni, kuba geosphere, macala onke olungqonge core embilwini. Ngethuba lawo, yahlulwe iileya ezimbini: eziqinileyo (crystalline) kunye nowobulali (lolu daka).

maleko enzulu Earth planethi

core koMhlaba yeyona kakubi eyaziwa maleko yomhlaba. ulwazi oluthembekileyo ngaye incinane kakhulu, siqinisekile sinokuthi kukuba ubukhulu wayo malunga 7000 km. Kukholelwa ukuba ukwakhiwa kumbindi womhlaba siquka i intsila nickel kunye nesinyithi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Umbindi unalo iplanethi enkulu ngokomelela agcinwe kwi engamanzi zikarhulumente aggregate, ngelixa lwangaphakathi - uzinzo ngaphantsi ngokomelela kumcacele. Ukususela undoqo yokwaleka koMhlaba eyohlula ekuthiwa-umda Gutenberg.