Ukuhlelwa yidityaniso. Iintlobo kunye nokubekwa yidityaniso ebantwaneni

Yidityaniso - isifo eyaziwa kuzo zonke iimbombo zomhlaba, kwaye kunzima ukufumana umntu kwakungayi kuba nayo le ngxaki ubuncinane kanye ebomini. Esi sifo sichaphazela izicwili nzima amazinyo, thinned lwawo kwaye angene kungena ingxenye yaso of dentin, ukudala kubo umngxuma. Amaninzi onakalise abangaboni ephawuleka ngaphandle kokuba umonakalo kuphela ingxenye yaso kwithishyu.

Ezibangela isifo

Oogqirha bamazinyo enze eninzi beengcamango, kukuvela izilonda carious, kodwa undoqo uhlala okufanayo:

• Kakubi ukutya ngokugqithiseleyo enetyuwa na okanye sweet.
• Engxakini yomxhesho carbohydrate kunye neevithamini.
• Umxholo eliphantsi in fluorine wayesebenzisa okubuyisela amazinyo.
• Ucoceko ngomlomo ukungahoywa.
• izifo ezosulelayo.
• yofuzo.
• Iimpawu yesakhiwo izinyo, ubukho phezu komhlaba wayesebenzisa of borozdochek yendalo apho ukuqokelela iintsholongwane bangenwe kubola elandelayo.

Zonke ezi zinto zingasentla, ukusa kumkhamo othile kuchaphazela imali acid-isiseko emlonyeni, nokudala wayesebenzisa bume wamazinyo ithembisa ukuba uphuhliso iintsholongwane izifo. Ngenxa iziniki yokupasa calcium ukusuka izinyo wayesebenzisa inyama ibhuqiwe kwaye kwasekwa ukuqanda. Iinqobo apho esekelwe ukuhlelwa yidityaniso, baninzi, ibe yinyaniso leyo. yokwahlukanisa landiswa eziliqela iparameters ivumela ukubeka uxilongo inokuthenjwa, ukufumanisa iqondo ezisebenzayo kunye iinketho zonyango izifo.

Ukwahlukanisa ngu Blake

Ibisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuhlelwa yidityaniso ngabantu abamnyama. Oku kubonisa kuphela indawo yokwaphuka carious phezu kwamanzi, kodwa ubunzulu ukusilela test. Amagama iintlobo yokugqibela kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa iiklasi - oluphezulu ibakala, indiva sifo:

1. I iklasi. Isigaba sokuqala - a yidityaniso siswele kakhulu abosulelwe occlusal umphezulu izinyo lwawo. Umonakalo buzinze kwiinkalo vee tapered le izinyo. Ehamba ukutshatyalaliswa yokupasa lwawo, dentin mhla nasemva koko. Nge unyango ngexesha wamazinyo inkqubo kwinqanaba 1 lizakumiswa kwaye sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo amazinyo, ngaphandle koncedo a kombiwa kuyo.
2. Class II. ukuqanda Moderate kwakheka kwi kumphezulu ngokuqhagamshelana amazinyo ngomva eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Lwawo kule ndawo ilula, izahlulo bezihlala zitshintsha zifana oonxantathu ezincinane. zokulimala zifihlwe phakathi kwamazinyo, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi abakwazi kuchongwa nokuba abanamava.
3. Class III. Ngokutsho osahluleyo njengoko yidityaniso Ulwahlulo, le ukoyiswa ngcathu, apho lweHo- kwakheka kwi kumphezulu phambi kwamazinyo. Emphethweni nangokukrola zakutshanje kweli nqanaba ayitshintshanga. Amaninzi, eli hlobo kwamazinyo kuchaphazela abantu kakubi iilekese yaye isetyenziswe ngamaxesha FLOSS kwamazinyo.
4. Class IV. ukubola kwamazinyo kakhulu, nto leyo linyathelo okuqhubekekayo ngokoyiswa iklasi III. Ukuba umonakalo umphezulu zokusika lunganyangwa, uqalisa zisaphuka dentin le izinyo elidlula.
5. iklasi V. isidanga ezinzima kakhulu. yidityaniso Classification olwahlula olu hlobo umonakalo kubunzulu izinyo ecaleni indawo gingival. Ukuqanda Iifom ezinjalo kuthiwa wesibeleko, nguye yeyona iyingozi, njengoko kwisisu carious ise kufutshane kweengcambu. Ngelo isanda, umda phakathi itshungama nomzimba izinyo igutyungelwe phantse akukho ezinemiphetho amhlophe ebonakalayo. Amaninzi, ezi yidityaniso iingcambu luchaphazela amalungu eziliqela, maxa wambi wathelela yonke into. Ukuyibetha ngoyaba le unyango 'kumaqula white "kwasekwa iingxaki ngohlobo nakujoliso olutsha intshabalalo carious. Kwezinye iimeko, iingxaki ezinkulu sifo inokuba umbuzo malunga ukususwa izinyo yonakele.

Ukuhlelwa WHO / ICD-10

Yidityaniso Ukuhlelwa yi -WHO (World Health Organization) esekelwe ekuchongweni kwindawo ethile ezichaphazelekayo kubabaze ngongoma zilandelayo ebonisa khowudi:

• K02.0. Ukuqalisa ukutshatyalaliswa lwawo, wavakalisa ukubunjwa amatshatshazi amhlophe phezu komhlaba.
• K02.1. Code ibonisa intshabalalo inyathelo le dentin - umcu phantsi lwawo.
• K02.2. Kunokomeleza carious ukutshatyalaliswa okanye ingcambu yidityaniso. Le khowudi osetyenziswa ukubonisa umonakalo nengcambu izinyo.
• K02.3. Isikhundla inyathelo apho intshabalalo carious lunqunyanyisiwe.
• K02.4. Oku kuquka odontoklaziyu, abantwana kunye melanodentiyu melanodontoklaziyu.
• K02.8. Ezinye iintlobo izinto ezingafakwanga kuluhlu ingentla apha imihlathi.

Ukuhlelwa yidityaniso ICD (International Classification of Diseases) ithathwa ithandwa kakhulu kulo mkhuba bamazinyo mihla. Kuyinto elula kuba sele ukuphuculwa ngokohlobo amanqaku, wanikezela gxotha ukuhlolwa kwakhe kunye nezinye iintlobo.

Ucalulo kwezifo ephambili

yidityaniso yokwabelana ngamava yi esasidla nasisihlo:

• Primary - hayi ngaphambili baboniswa izifo kwakhiwa yidityaniso izinyo, umyalezo weimeyile, ezithi zivele ngenxa zohlelo kunye nocazululo ezinxulumene kudidi oluthile.
• Secondary okanye iphinde - ivela phezu komzimba, ngaphambili phantsi uphawu. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba iintanda lamatywina kufanelekile ukuba izinyo, ngaloo ndlela bakha umsantsa, ephantsi indawo evumayo kuphuhliso iintsholongwane izifo.

yokwahlukanisa ngesimo

Le iziqu, iintlobo olwahlula yidityaniso izitshanguba kuxhomekeke kubungakanani lwezitishi. Kuyinto nje eqhelekileyo ekuqinisekiseni unesifo njengoko yidityaniso Ukuhlelwa ICD 10. Fumana umonakalo manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Ukwakheka spot. Isanda, loo magumbi ukutshatyalaliswa lwawo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho phezu komhlaba izinyo kubonakala itshatshazi okanye ezimnyama. Umonakalo isakhiwo wayesebenzisa ayikho - loo nto egudileyo, iintlungu asizidini. Ngeli xesha, i elula ukunyanga ukubola kwamazinyo, kuba iza ngoncedo oluncinane kwi nezihlunu izinyo - i ibala liyasuswa kumphezulu, yenziwe wayesebenzisa remineralization.
2. yidityaniso Ebusweni. Eli nyathelo kubandakanya umonakalo eziko nto leyo ayijonganga mmandla ezinzulu izinyo lwawo. It esibonakala intlungu ngamaxesha kunye sokusabela ashushu nabandayo. Unyango kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo isanda.
3. yidityaniso Middle. Le nkqubo uye ngaphaya kwemida lwawo kwaye inkqubela entsimini intlungu dentin ngaphandle ezibonakala bunzima kakhulu futhi rhoqo ngakumbi. Le nkqubo ibandakanya lweHo- unyango yokucoca kunye azivingce ufakelo.
4. yidityaniso Deep. umonakalo lolwabo sibi kakhulu, yintlama ukhusela kuphela umaleko obhityileyo dentin ezigcinwe, la mava isigulane intlungu kakhulu. Ukuba ixesha abangaqhubekiyo besenza ufakelo itywina, isifo zingachaphazela yintlama kunye izinyo akunakuphepheka.

Ukwahlukanisa amandla

Ukususela ngobunzulu usulelo kwisisu yomlomo 2 iintlobo ekwanti esi sifo:

• A ukubola kwamazinyo single - kuchaphazela nezinyo elinye.
• Multi - sifo sichaphazela amazinyo eziliqela.

Phakathi izigulane yidityaniso ezininzi adibana rhoqo nabantu abanezifo inkqubo sentliziyo. Ukuba sifo sichaphazela amazinyo umntwana, mhlawumbi, wayesele egula ngumkhuhlane ebomvu tonsils. Berezhnaya ukuthintelwa nemingxuma ezininzi umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu kwamazinyo ephambili nesiliva ngumfanekiswana.

Ucalulo yobunzima Education

Ukulibaziseka unyango izigulane ukuya kugqirha wamazinyo kunye nezifo zamazinyo waphawula kaninzi. Asinto nzima ukuqashisela ukuba yintoni na igcwele ngoyaba le ngxaki. Kakade ke, namhlanje kukho iingxaki yokuhlela yidityaniso. Ngokutsho kwakhe, kuba:

• Xaka. Isifo kunye neenkqubo ukudumba kwindawo kwisisu ngomlomo. Umahluko ye wampompoza.
• Ayinzima. Ukuhlelwa yidityaniso ivumela ukuba siqonde ukuba olu hlobo sifo, elibaleka ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo eqhelekileyo, kuquka ukukhanya, aphakathi kunye enzonzobila.

Izinga yophuhliso yenkqubo yidityaniso

Uphuhliso kwesi sifo kwenzeka xa umntu ngamnye kunye ngegalelo lazo kuxhomekeke ezintweni yangaphandle kunye neempawu ngabanye eziphilayo. iindidi abaliqela eyodwa yidityaniso:

1. Sharp. Iimpawu zesi sifo kuvela ngokukhawuleza kakhulu - kwisithuba seeveki omnye ukuya ezimbini.
2. Ezondeleyo. Isifo ukwakheka, kungathatha ixesha elide kwaye luphawulwa imbonakalo amabala bulubhelu okanye emdaka kumphezulu uchaphazelekayo womGaqo-lwawo.
3. Liqhuma. uhlobo Progressive, apho kukho umonakalo wayesebenzisa ezininzi ngexesha nje elingephi.

Iimpawu zesi sifo kubantwana

Ukuhlelwa yidityaniso ebantwaneni yenziwa ngokwemiqathango efanayo abadala. Xa kwezamazinyo ezingabantwana kwakhona kwenzeka lemozilu ngamandla, izifo ephambili, phambi iingxaki, njalo-njalo. D. Le phawu lolwahlulo kuphela ukwahlulwa ubisi kunye yidityaniso izinyo isigxina.

izilonda Carious zezigqeba mammary akangonobangela nobunzima ngaphantsi kwe sisifo esisigxina. Xa abantwana, ukubola kwamazinyo ifumaneka phi kaninzi abadala, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukufundisa umntwana ucoceko somlomo efanelekileyo kunye nokulawula ukusetyenziswa enuka. Njengoko amazinyo ubisi kusekho-qhinga yexeshana unyango zisenokuthi zahluke kancinane nokunyangwa kwamazinyo.

Silvering amazinyo zaseprayimari abantwana

Abazali Modern zezona wamazinyo othintelo senze kwithuba amazinyo zesilivere ebantwaneni. Le nkqubo yenziwa lokhuseleko kunye nonyango izigaba zokuqala yidityaniso. Enyanisweni inkqubo yi "ukuqanda" kwesi sifo.

inkqubo elula, xa ugqirha wakhe ufumana ukuze wayesebenzisa izinyo kunye cotton swab kuqamba ezizodwa eziqulathe yesilivere. Amazinyo kwakheka kwi izikhuseli umboniso, engakuvumeliyo neentlenge kunye nokukhula iintsholongwane ezinobungozi phezu lwawo.