Uluntu wokwandisa: ingqiqo kunye neempawu eziphambili

Uncwadi zesayensi iqulethe iinkcazelo ezininzi "ekuhlaleni" ingqiqo. Ngoko ke, ngengqiqo emxinwa - iqela labantu eza kunye ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi kunye nonxibelelwano, kwakunye kwisigaba esithile yophuhliso ngembali yelizwe okanye abantu. In ebanzi - yehlabathi eziphathekayo, owahlukileyo ukusuka kwindalo, kodwa ngokusondeleyo, eziquka abantu sinakho sezingqondweni kwaye ke, kuquka iifomu ze unxulumane nabantu nendlela zihlangana.

Kwinkulungwane yama-20 R.Aron wabeka phambili ithiyori yoluntu-mveliso, nto leyo ukucokisa ngoko abaziingcali kwezentlalo yaseMelika kunye izazinzulu yezopolitiko A.Tofflerom, Daniyeli Bell, UZbigniew Brzezinski. Lichaza inkqubo yokupasa nophuhliso loluntu umva ukuya phambili. Lilonke elabelwe izigaba ezithathu: i agrarian (pre-mveliso), ezoshishino kunye postindustrial.

uluntu wokwandisa - oku linqanam lokuqala lophuhliso ephucukile. Kwezinye imithombo ikwabizwa ngokuba yemveli. Uphawu kumaxesha amandulo ephakathi. Noko ke, sizalwa kwamanye amazwe, kwaye ngeli xesha. Ubukhulu becala amazwe "ihlabathi wesithathu" (Afrika, Asia).

Kukho ezi mpawu zilandelayo ze eluntwini yezolimo:

• Uqoqosho isekelwe craft abangekaphuhli noqoqosho subsistence lwasemaphandleni. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu izixhobo ngesandla. kuphuhliswa Industry okanye kuphela kancinci, okanye angekhoyo ngokupheleleyo. Inkoliso yabantu uhlala kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, wokufama.
• Ukukhonya karhulumente, iintlobo zoluntu zobumnini; kunye zabucala Untouchable ayikho. iimpahla eziphathekayo zisasazwa ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ahlala ngumntu iinkokeli.
• Isantya sokukhula koqoqosho ziphantsi.
• isakhiwo Social cishe njalo. Umntu ozelwe kuhlobo oluthile zoluntu okanye nangokodidi ayitshintshi indawo yayo ubomi. Le yunithi kwezentlalo esisiseko ke usapho kunye noluntu.
• uluntu Conservative. Naluphi na utshintsho kwenzeka kancinci izenzekele.
• ukuziphatha kwabantu ilawulwa ziinkolelo, amasiko, imigaqo lweziko kunye nemigangatho. Ukuzimela sobuntu kungakhuthazwayo. iqela Social ichaza imilinganiselo yokuziphatha ukuze ngamnye. Lo mntu ukuhlalutya indawo yayo, ifuna kwimo engqongileyo. Yonke into eyenzekayo kuye, ivavanye ngokwembono iqela zentlalo ongowabantu.
• uluntu wokwandisa kufuna amandla olomeleleyo yomkhosi neBandla, umntu oqhelekileyo zisuswe kwezopolitiko.
• Inani eliqingqiweyo abantu abafundileyo, ukwanda kolwazi ngomlomo ekubhaleni.
• Le ophambili kwisigaba ngokomoya zomnotho ubomi, abantu kubonwa yingqiqo ngolwalathiso lobuthixo.

Ngenxa kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho, lwezopolitiko, ezentlalo kunye yokomoya kuluntu agrarian kuninzi lwala mazwe baye bafudukela kwisigaba mveliso, nto leyo zibandakanya ukwanda kwemveliso yezolimo kunye mveliso, ukwanda kwemali, ekukhuleni iingeniso.

Kukho iiklasi ezintsha - oohlohlesakhe kunye sabasebenzi mveliso. Kunciphisa inani lamafama kwinani labemi, ukufudukela kwenzeka. Indima karhulumente. uluntu kulimo kunye mveliso langutane kwenye kuwo onke amacala.

Kuba nqanaba post-mveliso luphawulwa uphuhliso lweenkonzo, ukukhuthazwa kucala, ukwandisa indima ngolwazi, inzululwazi kunye nolwazi. Isusa ngezigaba, isabelo abakumgangatho ophakathi.

uluntu kwezolimo, kunye nembono zobulungisa kwimveli - umva, ivaliwe, ephilayo abangekaphuhli zentlalo, leyo abachasene isosioloji Western impucuko mveliso nasemva-mveliso.