Umdlalo Programming: Inkqubo, ingakumbi indalo kunye neziphakamiso

Ngumphunga nje bonke ungumdlali ubuncinane kanye ebomini wacinga ngokudala iprojekthi yakho umdlalo wakhe. Ngaphezu koko, abaninzi baqale ukwenza iintshukumo ezininzi kule ndawo. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kweveki okanye geymdev amabini evukuthu, sijamelene neengxaki ezithile, ezifana nokunqongophala kolwazi samabanga aphantsi, uyalibala malunga iphupha lakhe, yaye uhleli elingaphesheya shooter elandelayo. Yintoni ingxaki? Ngaba imidlalo lwenkqubo - ukuba kunjalo ixesha elide nentsonkothileyo kwinkqubo umntu eziqhelekileyo? Impendulo yalo mbuzo inokufunyanwa kweli nqaku.

Development umdlalo

Sitsho ngengqiniseko ukuba senkqubo umdlalo - omnye wemisebenzi enzima kwicandelo IT. Inyaniso kukuba ukwenza iprojekthi elungileyo, kufuneka ngaka isixa olunzulu ulwazi. Umzekelo, kufuneka wazi iilwimi ezininzi, bakwazi ukubhala ikhowudi elula neqondakalayo apho kukho nto nesilima, njl Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba uphuhliso imidlalo liqela geymdev enkulu, equka amakhulu ziingcali kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.

Kakade ke, kukho iimeko umthetho. Umzekelo, ezaziwayo-kakuhle umdwelisi nkqubo UMarkus "kwenotshi" Persson uye single-handedly wadala "Maynkraft" - umdlalo leyo yenye yeeprojekthi inzuzo kule minyaka ili-10. Kodwa ukuze ukuphuhlisa into efana oku, kufuneka ube ACE ngokwenene entsimini lwabo kwaye kufuneka babe namava elikhulu.

Ukwenza imidlalo. zokuhlela

Qala ukudala obukhulu zehlabathi computer kuthiwa nganye. Kodwa njani ukuqonda senkqubo umdlalo - kube nzima kakhulu. Noko ke, ukuze abe uphuhliso umdlalo kunokuba cishe nazo. Le meko ibalulekileyo - ixesha elininzi simahla kunye nokuzingisa yemidlalo. Makhe sithi ukuba iyafumaneka. Ntoni okulandelayo?

Into yokuqala ukufunda ubuncinane ezinye iilwimi ezininzi ethandwa kweenkqubo. Ngaphandle kwalo, ukuseka umdlalo ophezulu ezikumgangatho akunakwenzeka ukuba baphumelele. Kutheni ngaphezu ulwimi olunye? Ingaba ngokwanele? Into yokuba ulwimi ngalunye lokuprograma uye entsimini yayo eyodwa isicelo. Ngezantsi sijonga iilwimi ezininzi ezithandwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo senkqubo game.

iilwimi

Mhlawumbi ulwimi ixhaphakileyo ngokwemiqathango iinkqubo umdlalo yi C ++. Uninzi imidlalo mihla kunye iinjini kubo abhaliweyo kuyo. Yintoni na peculiarity yale lwimi? Mhlawumbi omnye iingenelo eziphambili C ++ na isixa esikhulu lwamathala eencwadi ezibanzi. Ngokusebenzisa oku kuthetha ulwimi uyakwazi ukubhala nantoni oyithandayo, ukususela zokudlala ezincinane indie ukuya ezinkulu kwibakala AAA projekthi.

Kodwa ke ngelishwa, C ++ kunzima kakhulu kwinkosi. Newbie zinto ukuqonda ezi endle. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba kungcono ukuqala wakowabo nehlabathi iinkqubo kunye into elula.

Python - oku mhlawumbi yeyona ukhetho best for a geymdeva abo basandula kuqalisa. Okokuqala, lo lwesivakalisi nto ibonakala ngcono. Ukuze uqale lwenkqubo e Python, ngokwaneleyo ukuba afunde izifundo futhi kufuneka inqanaba lokuzalwa IsiNgesi. Okwesibini, kungenzeka ulwimi lokuprograma avulekela ngokwaneleyo. Kakade ke, Python aliyigcini up with C ++ ngokwemiqathango functionality. Kunjalo, ngu Python, ungenza kakhulu i-software efanelekileyo (kuquka umdlalo). Hi xikombiso, ku Python ebhaliweyo imidlalo efana "Battlefield" (2005), "Impucuko 4", "The Sims 4" kunye nezinye iiprojekthi ezininzi eziye baba hits.

Java - kwenye Olwa, nto leyo ngokuqinisekileyo ixabisa look. Mhlawumbi inzuzo iphambili kolu lwimi - epheleleyo cross-eqongeni. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-software, ngokubhala "Java", exhaswa zonke ii operating systems ( "windose", "Linux", "Android", njalo njalo). Oku kukuvumela ukuba ngokukhawuleza ukutshintsha umdlalo ngenxa yaso nasiphi na iqonga. Ukongeza, Java kunika wenkqubo a lot of amathuba. Le mizekelo Akuyomfuneko ukuba kude. I "Maynkraft" akhankanywe ngentla ebhalwe ngayo "Java".

Yenza imidlalo ngaphandle kweenkqubo

Kodwa kuthekani ukuba Andinaxesha ukufunda iilwimi, kodwa ukukwazi ukubhala usafuna? Apha ukuba sisebenzisa le abathungi umdlalo obizwa ngokuba. Yintoni na? Impendulo yalo mbuzo inokufumaneka ngezantsi.

UMyili Imidlalo - ucwangciso olukhethekileyo elihlanganisa i-bume yophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kunye injini. Ngamafutshane, le software, apho ukwazi ukwenza umdlalo yakho ngaphandle kweenkqubo. Ukuba nje ukuqalisa geymdeva, le abathungi umdlalo - kanye le nto uyifunayo. Ngoncedo lwabo uya kuba nako ukuqonda indlela inkqubo yophuhliso, kufuneka uhlawule oko ingqalelo kwaye uqaphele ukuba wena neminye imiba ebalulekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo ezinjalo nezingalunganga. Umdlalo abayili babe kunokuba amahlwempu functionality. iinkqubo ezifana kubeka phezu iintsilelo lomsebenzisi ngokubhekiselele uhlobo, iigrafiki, ubucukubhede, njl Esi sisizathu ukwenza iprojekthi ephawulekayo kunye umyili akunakwenzeka ukuba baphumelele.

Inkqubo ukudala imidlalo

Njengoko zingqondwe ncam, abayili ayenzelwanga ukuba ukudala iiprojekthi ezinkulu. iinkqubo ezinjalo kuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukunika abatsha amava geymdeva yokuqala ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso game. Kweli nqaku siza kujonga iinkqubo ezininzi ethandwa program umdlalo ukunceda wabaqalayo ukwenza amanyathelo yokuqala kwindawo geymdev.

Mhlawumbi, inkqubo kakhulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle uphuhliso umdlalo - Game Maker. Yenzelwe ukwenza iiprojekthi into emacala-mabini. Yenza imidlalo kunokwenzeka ngaphandle izakhono kweenkqubo. Endaweni imigca ikhowudi umsebenzisi ukunika uthotho lokwenzekayo esichazwe ekuqaleni. Konke ekufuneka uyenze - ukwenza izinto kunye nokuchaza imithetho yentsebenziswano phakathi kwabo. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba uqaphele ukuba unako ukuzoba sprites kuMdlalo Maker ngqo ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo engagunyaziswanga. Ngoko ke, i software self-ngokwaneleyo ngokupheleleyo. Ngaphezu koko, Game Maker akuthethi buhlungu kunye kubasebenzisi abaphambili abo banezakhono kweenkqubo. Ngapha koko, inkqubo uyakwazi ukudibanisa ikhowudi yayo yemvelaphi. Umdlalo Maker anokwenziwa ngalo umdlalo kunye nembono phezulu (RPG, shooter Committe, njalo njalo) kunye icala (platformer).

Yila 2 - yenye wengcibi yokuluka kuphuhliso lwe 2D-imidlalo. Mhlawumbi inkalo ephambili yenkqubo - multiplatform. Ngokusebenzisa "bazidibanise", uyakwazi ukwenza imidlalo for iOS, Android, Windows, Web, njl Ngokwemiqathango functionality Qamba 2 ayikho ngaphantsi i "abenzi Game".

isiphelo

Game Programming - inkqubo onzima kakhulu, okuhlala iinyanga okanye iminyaka. Ngoko ke ukuba ufuna ukuba uphuhliso umdlalo yobungcali, imfuno neempawu ezifana umonde kunye namandla okuzimisela.