Ummandla Tselinograd: inkcazelo, iimpawu, iindawo kunye namanqaku anika umdla

kummandla Tselinograd ise kwinxalenye esemantla Kazakhstan. Ulawulo lwengingqi ise kwisixeko Kokshetau. Region - agro-mveliso, kodwa ezikhethiweyo iphambili kwezolimo kunye nokulungiswa kwemveliso yawo.

Uphuhliso lwamashishini extractive (emigodini uranium, esikrwada igolide), oomatshini, imveliso izinto zokwakha. Kukho kwishishini kwemichiza kunye amayeza.

indawo Geographical

Akmola (Tselinograd) mmandla iphakathi Kokshetau eziphakamileyo (indawo ngentla) kunye zentaba Ulytau (yaseMzantsi Region). iinduli ajikelezayo akhiwa granites, lalonyukile - quartzites.

INKUNDLA yekhampasi umlambo Ishim. kummandla kumntla yinxalenye West Siberian Plain.

Imozulu luphawulwa njengoko njengezwekazi, nto leyo ehlotyeni - hot nasebusika - abafileyo ebusika. Ngenani leentsuku sunny ifaniswa kummandla le ndawo. Snow ithatha i avareji phantse ezintandathu iinyanga. nokunyuka lobushushu njengoko yonyaka diurnal kunokuba kakhulu.

Amathathu owahlukileyo ngokobume iindawo: ubukumkani basemzantsi, umbindi kunye emantla.

Inxalenye kumantla uba ntlango flat. Lomhlaba, ingakumbi kwi-Irtysh, uyisanti. Kudla kukho imigxobhozo ityuwa kunye namachibi ityuwa, ngokulandelelanayo, ingakumbi Lake Dengiz (Tengiz).

Inxalenye ophakathi zisikwe yi iintaba phantsi. Flow lomlambo Ishim, Nura noSara-Su. Le ngingqi asihambelani kakhulu ukuze abantu bahlale kuwo, nangona kwezinye iindawo sisenako. Nazi iidipozithi oludibeneyo negolide, nobhedu kunye namalahle.

Emazantsi kulo mmandla - ke emathafeni elingenamanzi entlango. imida yayo yosuka umthombo umlambo zo-Su ukuya Chu River. Le ndawo kuthiwa Ibhedi-nak-Dale, gama elo elithetha "Hungry emathafeni".

Abamelwane kule ndawo zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ivela empumalanga - ummandla Pavlodar entshonalanga - Kostanay, emantla - North Kazakhstan, emzantsi - Karaganda.

Ummandla lugubungela 146,2 macala onke. M ndawo. km.

Imbali ummandla Tselinograd

ummandla Tselinograd abe ubutyebi bembali, ngexesha apho lenze iinguqulelo ezininzi, zombini sobummandla kunye kwisihloko.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala okhankanywe indawo 1868, "engunobambiso Regulations on kulawulo kwimimandla emathafeni ka Orenburg kunye West Siberian iRhuluneli-Jikelele" xa kwiingingqi ezi-6 kwasekwa kwi kummandla Kazakhstan. Omnye wabo ummandla Akmola (iziko kuwo umzi lo yaseOmsk). Lo mmandla uquka counties: Akmola, Petropavlovsk, Atbasar, eOmsk kunye Kokchetav.

Ngowe-1928, loo mmandla Akmola is kuguquka kwiNgingqi Akmola, kodwa kwiminyaka emibini kamva, kwaye lwapheliswa ngenxa kwicandelo lolawulo-ndawo entsha.

Ngo-Oktobha 1939 ummandla Akmola ibuyiselwe kwakhona. Yaba kumbindi wesixeko Akmolinsk. indawo yolawulo yayiba izithili elinesihlanu, kwaqhubeka de 1960. NgoDisemba 26, 1960 kule ndawo kwakhona bupheliswe, nekomkhulu layo Akmola wafumana iwonga of Centre of Territory Virgin. Kodwa emva kweenyanga ezintathu Akmola ekuthiwa Tselinograd (emva okukunyusa kwamazwe enyulu), ne-Aprili 24, lo mmandla osandul 'ukusekwa, kodwa sele ngokuba Tselinograd, eziquka izithili-17 kuluhlu.

Ukuwa eSoviet Union zanixa- utshintsho entsha Kazakhstan. Ngo-Epreli 1992 Tselinograd kwakhona igama ku Akmola, kunye nommandla - to Akmola. kummandla Owayesakuba Tselinograd, zeziphi iindawo zitshintshile ngengqibo uMongameli Kazakhstan ngoAprili 8, 1999, bafuduka ikomkhulu lawo Astana (owayesakuba Akmola) kwisixeko Kokshetau.

Amandla elawulayo kummandla

Akimat ke igunya lolawulo sengingqi kwiriphabliki. Intloko akimat (sodolophu), otyunjwe nguMongameli weRiphabliki.

ummandla Tselinograd Akimat imelwe ofisi elinanye kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho ubomi mmandla kunye arhente zikarhulumente ezimbini (Department of Tourism kunye neSebe sithwala kunye emendweni).

Isicwangciso akimat ulawulo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwale mali lwengingqi, umbutho imisebenzi yezoqoqosho kule ngingqi. iimbopheleleko zabo ziquka imiba zothutho, ulawulo komhlaba, ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yobutyebi, ulawulo lomthetho kunye nokunyanzeliswa komthetho, kunye nabanye.

Okwangoku, i akim oblast yi Sergey Vitalevich Kulagin. Intloko mmandla wazalelwa wakhulela Akmola (Tselinograd) indawo. Kuba isithuba akim kummandla nolwathi kabini ngoSeptemba 1998 no May 2014.

yesithili Shortandy

Ngenxa iinguqu kutshanje ngowe-1939 liye landa indawo kummandla Tselinograd: District Shortandy waba iziko yayo entsha yolawulo.

I-ofisi yesithili ekhaya kubantu abathile 29 362. nengxinano yabemi - abantu 6.2 / macala onke. km. In Shortandynskom ndawo ahlala Russian 37%, 31.7% Kazakhs Ukrainian 8.3%, 7% baseJamani. I-16 ekhulwini zithiwe thaca ubuzwe. Iziko lolawulo kwisithili ise Shortandy.

Le ndawo ndawo ezikwere zeekhilomitha 4.700.

yesithili Arshaly

indawo Vishnovsky ummandla Tselinograd - i-ekuthiwa de 1997. Namhlanje Arshaly District.

Le ndawo ndawo zenqila 5800 ezikwere zeekhilomitha, ulikhaya abantu 27.081. nengxinano yabemi - abantu 4.7 / macala onke. km.

Kule ndawo ephilileyo ngaphandle Kazakhs (37,3%), Russian (43.4%), Ukrainian (5.7%), amaJamani (5.5%), Belarusians Tatar (ngaphantsi kwe-2%), izinti, Moldavians Ingushs Chechens, Bashkirs (ngaphantsi kwe-1%).

yesithili Sandyktau

Le ndawo wakwazi 'kusinda "lutshintsha ezimbalwa kunye kummandla Akmola. Wasekwa ngo-1928, ngeli xesha xa ummandla Akmola yajika kwiNgingqi Akmola. Emva koko, ngo-1936, wabizwa ngokuba yesithili Molotov. A Akmola oblast (kweminyaka emithathu kamva, sele obizwa ngokuba kummandla Tselinograd) kwimephu kwisithili Balkashinsky 1957 kutshintshwa yena, Molotov. Phantsi eli gama le ndawo waze-1997, xa uthe wabuyela igama zembali - Sandyktau District.

Indawo iquka 6400 macala onke. km. On nommandla wayo ilikhaya kubantu 20.010, mninzi - abantu 3.1 / macala onke. km. Le ndawo kakhulu eyayihlala Kazakhs (20.13%), Russian (56.67%) kunye amaJamani (6.62%).

Cities ezibe hayi kwi mephu

Stepnogorsk (ummandla Tselinograd - kummandla Akmola ngoku) yasekwa ngo-1959 kwi-km 199 ukusuka Astana, kodwa kwabonakala kwiimephu kuphela kwisiqingatha sesibini 80s. Ukufihla baloo lali ngenxa ukuhlala kuyo "Tselinny Mining and Chemical Dibanisa" yaye "Stepnogorsk nophando lwenzululwazi kunye nokuzinzisa iqumrhu lezorhwebo." Eyokuqala ababandakanyekayo processing of uranium esikrwada, yaye "base" - uphuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kwezixhobo bacteriological.

Inani labantu mzi ngamazwe (kwizizwe kwama-70). Russian ezakha ngaphezu kwe-50% abemi, Kazakhs - 34,5%.

Okwangoku, amashishini isixeko zivelisa igolide, uranium kunye molybdenum.

indawo City Alekseevka Tselinograd (ngoku Akmolinsk) yasekwa ngo-1965. Kungenxa ngaphakathi kwisikhululo sikaloliwe Ak-Cool. Kwamashishini industrial unalo creamery kunye isityalo wemveliso zezixhobo zokwakha. Amanye amashishini ziquka umzila.

Esi sixeko lwayanyaniswa ngakumbi kwisikhululo sikaloliwe Ak-Kul, ukususela ekuqalweni kwayo ingqalelo ivalekile isifundo. Oku kwakuhambisana kuwa eliqikelelwayo UFOs kunye nomsebenzi phezu isifundo endaweni yoko elishweni lakhe.

Okwangoku, esi sixeko kuthiwa Akkol.

anika umdla

Isiphelo XVIII - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX - ithuba nzima kakhulu Kazakh khanate Junior namahlakani Phakathi: behlasela rhoqo haunted Kazakhs evela abamelwane, kunyanzeleka ukuba bafune ukukhuselwa kummelwane wayo kumantla - Russia.

Formation of kummandla Tselinograd inxulumene ngqo kunye nomzabalazo kokuzimela Kazakhs, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba ukusekelwa Russian.

E Stepnogorsk I wasebenza Kanatzhan Alibayov - eziphilayo eyaziwa, umchazi-entsimini kwezifo ezosulelayo, ibiotechnology, zizifo. Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, imveliso yaququzelelwa ukulwa lwegciwane izifo ezoyikekayo ezifana anthrax.

Ngowe-1990-1991, wayiqhubela uphuhliso lwenkqubo lokuvala Alibayov kunye nokuveliswa kwezixhobo eziphilayo.

Le ndawo yaziwa ngokuba uRhulumente weSizwe Natural Park "Burabay", sidalwe 2000. Le paki luthathe 83.5 amawaka eehektare. On nommandla wayo kukho 14 amachibi. Omnye wabo (Lake Borovoe) yeyona iiholide kubaluleke yesizwe. Hambe echibini indawo amahlathi entabeni kwaye, kakade, emaqeleni Kazakh engenasiphelo. Kuba ubuhle bayo epakini ebizwa ngokuba "Kazakh Switzerland". Emahlathini zendawo ungafumana izilwanyana zasendle: i ingqawa, ingcuka, yasendle, iielk, amaxhama nezinye izilwanyana.

Kufuphi kummandla capital ke wesibini State National Natural Park - "Kokshetau". Kuthatha ngaphezulu kwe "Burabay" indawo - 182 amawaka eehektare. indawo yayo inoluhlu oluninzi amachibi, iintaba, amahlathi, emaqeleni. Amachibi zifumaneka whitefish kunye ripus - iintlobo exabisekileyo yeentlanzi. Iindwendwe ezifundiswa ukunyuka intaba ikhwele ihashe, kwakunye nethuba lokuba bahlale Kazakh a yokuhlala yemveli.

Ekuphetheni

Akmola (Tselinograd) mmandla ithatha indawo prime: kolandelayo kwimimandla eziphuhlileyo ezifana of Russia, njengoko naseNovosibirsk, Tomsk, Tyumen, imimandla eOmsk kunye Urals.

Okwangoku, waqinisa ubudala kwaye basebenze amaqhina ngokwaneleyo elitsha loqoqosho kunye nemimandla Russian. Kukho ukwanda lentengiso yeempahla kunye imveliso eyenziweyo kule ngingqi.