Uninzi iimitha zamanzi: ncomo. iimitha zamanzi: ufakelo, amacebiso ngokukhetha

Kwakhona, bonke ngequbuliso weza ezingxaki ngequbuliso, kutheni wonke umntu waqalisa ingqalelo imali yabo (kuba ixesha beshiya). Akumangalisi ke, iimitha zamanzi, ukufakelwa olungathanga ngaphambili akukho ngokubaluleka eqhotyoshelweyo, waba attribute phantse kusisinyanzelo ekhayeni nganye yokuhlala. Life ngokwayo iye thsuphe ukuba kubhetele ukuba zonke iindleko zalo phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo.

Ukongeza, kukho ezinye ncomo. imitha yamanzi ubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba iingcali eziluncedo kakhulu ayikhulise obschedomovye nezalathisi amanzi. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba iimitha zamanzi yongxamiseko akuyomfuneko ukuba libe nabani na namhlanje.

ulwazi Basic ku zokubala

Njengoko ukuthandwa olu hlobo izixhobo kwiminyaka yakutshanje liphezulu kakhulu, akumangalisi ukuba inani elikhulu imifuziselo gqi kwimarike. Obanzi kakhulu eziqhelekileyo kwaye iintlobo zilandelayo:

• Standard iimitha zamanzi ngoomatshini accounting ukulungisa flow fluid esebenzisa (ngomatshini efanayo) ukubonisa elula.
• iintlobo ezifanayo, kodwa luguqulello "advanced". zokubala okunjalo Akunakuba ngomatshini, kodwa sele uboniso electronic olunika ukufunda yechaneke ngaphezulu.
• iimitha zamanzi Electronic, bangenalo kuphela esebenza ngokupheleleyo wamanzi akhazimlayo, kodwa ndivumele ukufunda imitha ekude.
• imifuziselo ezikrelekrele digital. Ke kungaba thatha ukufunda, bathathe imilinganiselo zabo uthumele umnini idilesi ye email ethile. Counter amanzi yesekethe elula olu hlobo iyafumaneka kweli nqaku.

Kukho kwakhona iingcinga non-eguqukayo kwaye ezililize. Eyokuqala ayifuni ngomsebenzi wayo ukudibanisa umthombo wamandla. Ngako oko, imifuziselo simbi kufuneka ukudibanisa umbane okanye ibhetri. Kwi i "iibhetri 'ukubaleka imodeli emininzi elektroniki. Ungakhathazeki: njengoko umthetho, iibhetri kusetyenziswa nomthamo enesidima kakhulu, ngoko kufuneka zithathelwe indawo kanye kuphela ngonyaka. Abanye abathengi bathi umsebenzi wabo ayincedi iminyaka emibini okanye emithathu.

Nantsi kweemitha indlela ezahlukeneyo amanzi. Indlela ukukhetha uhlobo ibhetele kuwe? Intsalela kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha ngayo.

umahluko yokuhlela eyongezelelweyo

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iimitha zamanzi zinokuba nomahluko enye kwenye kunye neminye imiqathango. Umzekelo, kukho iimitha zamanzi, apho kukho uboniso olongezelelweyo kwidispleyi, ebonisa amanzi "ngexesha yokwenene" kwemali. Kukho iindlela enokuthi ngokuchanileyo umlinganiselo izinga ukuhamba ngexesha ekhethiweyo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa ngaba uceba ukuba ibhajethi usapho lwakho uzama uku bana phandle kanye xa nendlu yakho ukuchitha amanzi kakhulu.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke ezi abenzi eziqhelekileyo rhoqo ukwandisa nokuphucula uluhlu lweemveliso. Ngoko ke, kakhulu kutshanje wabonakala phezu zokubala entengiso amanzi ashushu, leyo baxhotyisiwe Ukongezelela ne ngakumbi thermostat. Izixhobo kule klasi ayikwazi kuphela ukulungisa ngomthamo wamanzi asetyenziswa, kodwa kwithempritsha yayo.

Noko ke, ngokuba ilizwe lethu ithuba afanelekileyo kakhulu. Into yokuba imitha yamanzi kunye woluvo lobushushu ziya kuba nomdla ngakumbi kubahlali kumazwe aseYurophu. Abekwezo ndawo phakathi kwabathengi kunye umxhobisi kakuhle ekunokugqitywa isivumelwano esikhethekileyo, nto leyo eya kuthi ngakumbi uchaze nokuba iqondo lobushushu kulwelo ebebunikwe loo ndlu. Ke ukuba kwilizwe lethu, le shedyuli lobushushu akuyi usebenze.

ukukhetha yomgubo

Kodwa yintoni na nokubuyekezwa? iimitha Water - izixhobo ngenene kuyimfuneko yaye kubalulekile, oko nje ngayo ukuba ulahle imali yakho kude yaye ukufumana imodeli ukufanele? Kunzima ngakumbi ukuze senze ukhetho kwabo ngabathengi akazange wadibana nale ndlela.

Noko ke, yi nga ku pfuna ku iingcebiso ezivela kubasebenzisi abanamava ngakumbi. Ukuba ufunda ngenyameko ncomo, kuyenzeka ukuba wenze isigqibo ocacile malunga ukongama imifuziselo "smart". Nazi izinto eziphambili:

• Akukho iingcingo, ngoko musa onokuthandabuza kwaye akezi kude ngexesha lofako.
• Ukuchaneka yokubala ulwelo osetyenzisiweyo iphezulu, ngokoqobo ukuya milliliter. Ngamafutshane, le eziluncedo Akunakumqhatha ngaphezu. Kakade ke, kufuneka ngoko nangoko satywina phezu iimitha zamanzi ukuze kuphetshwe izityholo zobuqhetseba kwi indima yakho.
• Kukho clock nekhalenda: ngokusekelwe data zabo, ungakha ishedyuli amanzi ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha imini lonyaka.
• ixesha elisisigxina engekho amanzi, nto leyo nayo ukusetyenziswa ngakuloo Izixhobo zikaWonke kwiimeko ezinzima.
• Ngezinga eliphezulu ukhuseleko nokuthembeka.
• Ekugqibeleni, phambili abasebenzisi kuphela izandla "ngqo" baxele ukuba loo zixhobo zingasetyenziswa ukuhlanganiswa bafakwe kwiziphaluka esebenzisa Arduino, Raspberry Pi namaqonga efanayo ukuba ngokwenene ivula amathuba nanto. Umzekelo, ungenza kube ukuze idatha imitha yamanzi iya ngokuzenzekelayo kuthunyelwa eziluncedo ulawulo lwakho. Ukongeza, ungenza zokusebenzisa angazihlawulela amanzi ngokwayo, leyo ngokubanzi ezingabambi counter iminyaka.

imisebenzi Malunga emthethweni

Kakade ke, kwimeko yokugqibela, abantu abaninzi babe wayengekafiki "ekunene" iingcinga malunga ukuphamba ekhawuntarini. Ukongeza, abasebenzisi abaninzi kwi-network kwaqhenqetha inkqubo noko oluneenkcukacha (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha asebenze) inkohliso izixhobo zokukala amanzi.

Asazi ngeke ikucebise ukwenza oko, ngenxa imali encane eyongiweyo kwi amanzi kufuneka uhlawule ixesha elide. Ngamafutshane, kwaoko ndafaka itywina kwi imitha yamanzi, ukubabhalisa ngoko nangoko emva kokufakwa. Konke oku kuya kukunceda ukuba siphephe iingxaki ezininzi kwixesha elizayo. Akukho mfuneko ukunika abasebenzi eziluncedo ezinye izizathu ukuba nazo.

Ngaphezu koko, phantse zonke zokubala mechanical mihla (singasathethi iifom elektroniki) abe uvikele kakhulu, ekhusela kubo lo mhlaba otsalayo. Ngokufutshane, ukusetyenziswa umazibuthe stop eqhelekileyo ngeke isebenze. Le ngozi waba kuphela imizekelo.

Yintoni ukukhangela ukuba xa bethenga?

Iingcali abatywini ukucebisa ukuba anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo parameters zilandelayo:

• Umenzi kunye ilizwe ngawo.
• iwaranti olufakelweyo.
• Ithuba ekhefu zohlolo eyimfuneko.
• Iindleko, Kakade.
• Ubukho benkonzo.

Kwisikhululo yokuqala exabisa izinto okuninzi kolu luhlu. Ndikholelwe, kusekho abathengi abaninzi ngokungazi bakholelwa ukuba ilizwe imvelaphi kunye nomenzi - into efanayo. Awu, akunjalo. Ukuba uqhelene ne ukutshintshwa esingaguqukiyo sama amanzi, ngoko mhlawumbi sele uyazi malunga iimpawu kuqoqosho lwale mihla.

Ngamafutshane, ukuba ubona mshini yomvelisi, ogama "ilizwe ohlala" - eJamani, eItali, eRashiya, oko akuthethi ukuba umthengisi lowo elele kwi counter imitha yamanzi senziwa kwindawo enye. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oko lukhutshwe ngezandla ukhuthele waseTshayina. Enyanisweni, akukho nto iphosakeleyo ngaloo nto. Loko kaninzi usebenzisa ayikho kakhulu ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kunye nolawulo manufactories zommandla kwi-ofisi engundlunkulu akukho ngqongqo kakhulu. Konke oku kukhokelela kwiziphumo ahambelanayo.

Njengoko kumaziko enkonzo ... Ndikholelwe, ngcono kakhulu, ukuba umzi wakho ubuncinane enye. Uyaqonda ukuba xa uthenga imitha yamanzi sinesiphene amawaka asixhenxe kuya kuba ngandlel, ukungazi ukuba silinde ekupheleni uhambo lwakhe ngokusebenzisa isiqingatha lizwe. Ukongeza, abasebenzi benkonzo badla ukunika iingcebiso ngendlela eyaneleyo kwaye zichanekile nokuba iimveliso ezinye abavelisi, ngoko ke akukho buhlungu ukuba abonisane ngaphambi kokuba bathenge.

Kutheni le nto isenzeka?

Nakowuphi na umzekelo, oku nto abaninzi bathi ncomo imali. iimitha zamanzi, leyo ziveliswa China (ixabiso didi eliphantsi kunye neliphakathi), ngokufuthi musa ukuzithethelela amathemba. Umzekelo, abasebenzisi abaninzi abanganelisekanga isaziso ukuba nkqu zokubala zilula mechanical badla ngokuqala "muhlit" ngokufuthi ukunika inkcitho kwamanzi.

Oku kungenxa umgangatho abaziintsizana metal ezisetyenziswayo xa kwenziwa imveliso. Trite abraded mechanism nezixhobo, ebezikuyo ifowuni iqalisa ukuvelisa iinkcukacha ezingachanekanga. Ezinye iinkampani msebenzi - ufakelo iimitha zamanzi eSt Petersburg, ukubaleka nje kule ngxaki. Wathulula izikhalazo olukhulu kubathengi. Xa baqalisa ukukhangela ngokukhawuleza kwabonakala ukuba zokubala "Italian" ababevela omnye amaqela Kwandile zenziwe e China. Ngawo onke imiphumo, njengoko batshovo.

Kubakhi inokuthenjwa

Kakade ke, kungenzeka ukuba umbuzo osemthethweni malunga uhlobo iimitha zamanzi kungcono ukukhetha. Yintoni bathi nokubuyekezwa? iimitha zamanzi yayivelisa inani elininzi leenkampani namhlanje. Phakathi kwazo kukho omabini abenzi basekhaya ingakumbi amazwe.

Siemens

Le nkampani kufuneka nabani ukumela. AmaJamani phezu kwimarike kweemveliso yoluntu zomkhosi ngenxa engaphezu kweshumi (okanye ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi, ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka ubudala), kwaye ke ngoko uthandabuza "Ukufaneleka oqeqeshiweyo" yabo ayikho imfuneko. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba Avelisa iimitha best amanzi.

Izimvo laliziimitha amanzi kunokuba HIV. Ngoko ke, abathengi ikuqaphele Obusemagqabini ubunjani onke ezinto ezisetyenziswayo, kumnatha kuphuhliswa kwamaziko enkonzo kunye zokubala ezininzi bathenga ngawo. Kakade ke, ukuba kuyimfuneko izixhobo yale eklasini kakhulu eninzi kakhulu kuyaphi kunezixhobo basekhaya, kodwa umphefumlo walo inkonzo ende kunye nokuthembeka iindleko. Xa nokubuyekezwa, wabaleka emva kweminyaka emihlanu ubuncinane okanye ezintandathu; ukutshintshwa iimitha zamanzi kwimeko yokuthenga onjalo oza kujamelana nazo kungekudala.

Enye into entle ke nothungelwano olubanzi kumaziko enkonzo kunye nenkxaso ebalaseleyo zobugcisa. Nokuba uthe ukufumana manzi esinesiphene, ungasoloko ayimise ibhola ngaphandle kobunzima okukhulu. Njengomthetho jikelele, "lo izangqa asithoba ngokwemimiselo isihogo" indawo oku kuya kufuneka.

Malunga okufanayo enokuthethwa ubuchule imveliso kunye Zenner Minomess. Kwilizwe lethu, ngaba balimi na kwaziwa kakuhle, kodwa umgangatho iimveliso zabo nje musani ukuba naxhala. Njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili, indlala kuphela indleko noko phezulu.

iinkampani zasekhaya

Ngokubanzi ukujonga ukuba imveliso yasekhaya na umgangatho hayi obalaseleyo kakhulu. Ngelishwa, kwezinye iimeko le mbono ngokwenene phantsi ngesizathu esihle. Ngenxa yoko, phakathi iimveliso zasekhaya phantse akukho iimitha zamanzi imifuziselo obethanda ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa kwazo zombini emanzini abandayo yaye ashushu ngaxeshanye. Noko ke, abamkelwa ingakumbi eziluncedo zethu emiphethweni, ukuze bathenge imifuziselo enjalo phantse ngamampunge.

Ukongeza, abenzi zethu badla ayikho kakhulu ngezinto ezisemgangathweni, nayo leyo eyenza igalelo kuphuculo imizwa yabathengi. Nangona kunjalo, zonke ezi zinto ezimbi (ezidla zingaphoswa izimvo umsebenzisi negative) ngokuyinxenye zincitshiswe ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu yezixhobo ezinjalo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba zokubala domestic yemveliso yamanzi "Pulsar", "Multisystem" okanye "Bereguna" malunga liwaka kunye nesiqingatha engange eziliwaka, iindleko kunezixhobo amazwe ukuze ngaphezu kakuhle ezintlanu okanye amawaka amathandathu, kwaye emva kokuba iziganeko kuqoqosho ngakumbi. Ukongezelela, abaninzi isinyobo lula ezizodwa yofakelo kunye neencasa obulula iimodeli ezininzi kumgangatho wamanzi yasekhaya, nokuthe kwiimeko ezininzi yahluka landa kakhulu ukuqina.

nangamanani

Hi ndlela leyi, yintoni na iindleko iimitha zamanzi kbavelisi ezahlukeneyo? Makhe uluhlu lwamaxabiso iyonke itafile.

Njengoko ubona, iindleko imitha yamanzi iyahluka kakhulu. ixabiso kwiintsali mkhulu kakhulu, kangangokuba umvelisi efanayo, ungafumana imifuziselo ezifana lwabiwo-mali kunye premium iiklasi.

malunga eziluncedo

Kwilizwe lethu, wavumela ukufakelwa kuphela ezo zixhobo ukuba ziveliswe ngokuthobela ngokupheleleyo GOST 50601 kunye GOST P 50193. Le yinto yokuqala efunekayo, akukho nketho wenza! Ufakelo, ezinye izicwangciso kunye neenkqubo uphawu - zonke ezi imisebenzi sele phambi eziluncedo zakho. Kufuneka kuphela ngumbali yamanzi abandayo kunye imitha yamanzi namanzi ashushu.

Ngokusesikweni, besiya ukucebisa ukuba adibane neengcali ezivela eluncedo yamanzi endawo okanye DEZa kwi admissibility kwe ukufakelwa uhlobo oluthile lwezixhobo. Kholwani ndim, uluhlu lwe elivunyelweyo ukufakelwa kweemitha amanzi esicuthiweyo nyaka ngamnye. Enyanisweni, yingcali owenze ufakelo iimitha zamanzi eSt Petersburg, bathi malunga selectivity usisizalwane yalo mthetho. Amaninzi, imifuziselo mechanical kuvunyelwa ukuba efakwe ngaphandle naziphi na izithintelo, ubunzima kuphela neemitha "smart".

Imithetho ezisisiseko ufakelo iimitha zamanzi

Okokuqala, makhe sithethe kwicala lobugcisa umba. Okokuqala, siza kukuxelela ntoni "umthetho yegolide" nemibhobho yamanzi. Sithetha ngovavanyo olusisinyanzelo zonke iimpompo zamanzi kunye nonxibelelwano endlwini okanye kwigumbi ngaphambi kokufakwa kwabo. Enyanisweni, kungakuhle ukuphinda le nkqubo rhoqo ngakumbi kangangoko kunokwenzeka (ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga).

Kwaye akukho kuphela imithetho ngokufanayo, kodwa ubulumko eziqhelekileyo: ukuba kuya kumpompoza kombhobho ngonaphakade, nto leyo "hung" counter, ngoko konke oko ngengqiqo yokoqobo neyokomfuziselo, ndinithululele idenariyo entle. Okubalulekileyo! Kunyanzelekile ukuba naxhala kuphela malunga ukufakelwa iimitha zamanzi, kodwa ufakelo yecebo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Sasidla ngokuthetha ngalo iinkcukacha akazange athi, kodwa kulula ukuthelekelela: ukuba indlela ufumana okuziinkozo lesanti okanye into elolo hlobo, akukho nto elungileyo kuya kwenzeka ekhawuntarini.

imiba nkampani

Okokuqala usazise eziluncedo ulawulo lwakho umnqweno lokumisela sokubala. Ngelo xesha ekuvunyelwene ifike lweeNgcali fezekisa ufakelo. Emva koko usayine isivumelwano, usayine onke amaxwebhu malunga ukufakelwa izixhobo kunye nokugcinwa kwayo okwalandela. kubhalwe ngoko nangoko kwaye kumaxwebhu data iimitha zamanzi kuwe kwixa elizayo kwakukho akukho zikhalazo.

Ukongeza, kwimeko yeemitha smart kufuneka kubhalwe ithuba retrieval ulwazi ekude kunye nophicotho kamva kwenu. Ngamafutshane, kufuneka ukwazi nangaliphi na ixesha simazi kakuhle zonke iinkcukacha ezifunyenwe yi HOA yakho.

Ngoko azigubungela imiba esisiseko ezijongene abathengi iimitha zamanzi. Indlela ukukhetha izixhobo? Ukuba ufunda ngenyameko umbandela ngasentla, mhlawumbi khumbula, kwaye ngobuninzi iintlobo zabo, kwaye malunga nokufumaneka iimodeli nemiba ngemiba yezemfundo. Musa ukulibala malunga kuluhlu olubanzi amaxabiso. Yintoni esifuna ukuyithetha?

Yinto elula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu kufuneka bakhusele avareji nangamanani. Zama ukukhetha imodeli basekhaya okanye angaphandle. Best konke - ngokwahlukileyo amanzi ashushu nabandayo. Nikelani ingqalelo kwilizwe imvelaphi, leyo yindawo yokwenene izixhobo kwimveliso.

mathuba preachy

Kwaye kufuneka iimitha zamanzi? Beka endlini kungaba kalula, kuphela ukufakelwa kwezixhobo ngokwawo kwaye kufuneka ukuba ahlawule epokothweni. Ngoko ke, enoba kukho imfuneko okanye uwufunde ukuhlawula imigangatho efanayo?

Okokuqala, makhe ukujamelana ezithile. Ngelishwa, abaninzi abemi bethu bayakuthanda ukuxukuxa amazinyo, ngaphandle kokucima ngaphandle ngelixa faucet, umatshini zihlambeke kunye ukulayisha eliphezulu iperi zeekawusi, njalo-njalo .. Konke oku kuphela osisiyatha, kodwa kukhokelela inkcitho enkulu yamanzi. Kodwa ke - sisibonelelo esinexabiso, esiphezu planethi ufumana ezincinane ngonyaka ngamnye. Amaninzi, ukufakelwa iimitha zamanzi ashushu uthathela ingqalelo lwezoqoqosho lwembono, ubuncinane wabagwebelayo, kodwa ufakelo iimitha zamanzi abandayo - ngomnye umcimbi.

Amanzi abandayo kunqabile ukukhusela. Khangela ngokwakho; nje emva kokufakwa iimitha olichitha uya kuwa kakhulu, kodwa ke kufuneka ukuba aye kuthetha mbandela engqondweni. Hayi, akukho mfuneko ukuhlamba izandla zakho phezu ucwangciso okanye ukuya ngasese kuphela emsebenzini (kwaye oko kwenzeka, ewe). Vele indawo labenzi yangoku kwinto ngakumbi eziqhelekileyo, bayihlaziye onke amalungu evuzayo. Ekugqibeleni, ukuhlamba yahlulwe kakuhle lube ziinxalenye eziliqela alinganayo, ukufikelela umthwalo kumatshini wokuhlamba malunga 2/3. Ngoko ke nje kuphela kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi abandayo, kodwa zinciphisa anxibe iingubo zabo.