Uwufumene - oku kangakanani? Zingaphi iiyadi kwimitha kunye ngaphantsi kwe ikhilomitha

Kumaxesha amandulo eRashiya ukulinganisa umgama kunye nobude ukusebenzisa umzimba wakhe. We kala kweminwe, namasundu, amanyathelo. Ilinganisa uqhelekileyo ubude iinyawo ezisixhenxe. Igama layo lisuka kwisenzi "syagat", into ethetha - kude ngesandla. Le ingcambu isagciniwe nangoku elithi "alinakuzuzwa". Kukholelwa ukuba amanyathelo luluvo kakhulu enjalo ubude, kuba ukukhula kunye nobukhulu izandla zabo bonke abantu ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa nangona oku, eRashiya, siye wakha iitempile ezintle kunye nesakhiwo ivumelane. Kunye nokuqaliswa kwenkqubo metric kwi USSR, nobude amanyathelo ezindala bandilibele. Ngoko ke, bambalwa abantu bazi ngoku, iinyawo ezintandathu - oku kangakanani.

umlinganiselo yaMandulo zobude

DISTANCE ookhokho bethu okanye akuyona umlinganiso amanyathelo wayelingana ngokweesentimitha 72. Xa kulinganiswa ngambini, kwaba nezinyuko - ziifatom ezilula okanye ngabathathu - ziifatom breech. imigama emide ulinganiswa miles. Kumaxesha amandulo, le ndlela yokulinganisa ikwabizwa ngokuba "entsimini". Ubude yayo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke ubude kwiiyadi kunye neemali zayo. Kwakhona hlukile mezhevaya zokuhamba weekhilomitha. avareji kumgama omalunga neekhilomitha - ngaphezulu kancinane nje sekhilomitha. Zingaphi iiyadi ngaphantsi kwe imayile, akunakwenzeka ukuchaza ngqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, 500 ukuya 750, yaye phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-17 ifakiwe i-imayile ka-1000 iiyadi.

Sokulinganisela imigama ezincinane ezisetyenziswa nezinye iindlela. Okwakha umlinganiso iingalo, ngoko Abarhwebi bakhetha abathengisi ngesithomo encinane. Enye umlinganiselo mandulo kakhulu ubude - le kweminwe. Kuyinto elingana umgama phakathi iincam iminwe yakhe eyolukileyo: enkulu kunye neziphakathi. Oku obumalunga nama-19 ukuya ngokweesentimitha 23. Nomlinganiselo incinane ubude - intshi - phantse 4.5 cm. Lo mgama lulinganiselwa isongiwe ecaleni iminwe emibini - index kunye ophakathi.

Imbali ziifatom Russian

Kangangexesha elide oosonzululwazi ukuqonda indlela umlinganiselo esetyenziswa yi abakhi yamandulo Russian. Kodwa emva Abembi bezinto zakudala bafumana ilitye phezu lukroliweyo ematyeni: "Gleb Duke umlinganiso iiyadi 10,000 no-4000.", Ngaba nako ukubala ixabiso ziifatom 151 isentimitha. Oku kwavumelana neziphumo zezinye nekazwelonke Russian. Kwakukho iiyadi eziliqela ezahlukeneyo, ezazisetyenziswa iinkalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nolwakhiwo. Ukuze wenze oku ziifatom ezikhethekileyo ngentambo kunye neenkuni "triptych".

Ngoku kunzima ukutsho, iinyawo ezisixhenxe - oku kangakanani? Phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-17 ukuba yamkelwa breech iinyawo ezisixhenxe, nto leyo ilingana ngokweesentimitha 216. Linemali a iinyawo ezintandathu yi ngokweesentimitha 72. Ke kaloku uPetros wenza ukuba ziifatom call Russian imiqathango British of ubude - yaye ngaloo ndlela ukutshintsha ubude eyadini. Wase enqaba. Kwaye, oko, baqala ukuqonda ubude alinganayo ngokweesentimitha 213. Yaye ngowe-1924, la manyathelo ubude ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa, baqala ukusebenzisa inkqubo metric ukuba imilinganiselo. Ilinganisa uqhelekileyo ubude lokulinganisa 1. Zingaphi iiyadi kuyinxenye, ngoku kunzima ukutsho. Kuninzi lolwazi yamandulo elahlekileyo, kodwa izazinzulu ngcembe ukubuyisela nkqubo indala amanyathelo.

Uwufumene - oku kangakanani?

Ekuqaleni, onke amanyathelo Russian ngobude nomgama zaye kulinganiswa emzimbeni womntu. Ukuba inowuthi engqinibeni - kucacile kangakanani, njani ukuba ziifatom sizimisele elide? Ukuba Treasury wayeyibhekise abonela umfanekiso kunye Ubude iyadi, kuqhelekile kakhulu kubantu "centrifugal uwufumene" ugqibe umgama phakathi bebekwe ngokwahlukeneyo omnye komnye iingalo besilisa abadala. Kwaba malunga emibini enesiqingatha okanye 176 yards ngeesentimitha eziyi-. Noko ke, umlinganiselo kakhulu zobude, ngokungqinelana ne eyakhiwa nenqaba intsimbi Ivana Velikogo kwi yesicelo. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-17 ukuba isetyenziswe ngokungacwangciswanga kuphela.

Iintlobo ngeentlobo iiyadi e Russia

Imvelaphi abaninzi kubo akwaziwa. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba abanye zibonakele eRashiya, ngoxa abanye elibolekiweyo. Umzekelo, bathi ukuba ibandla iinyawo ezisixhenxe, leyo ilingana iisentimitha 186, isekelwe umlinganiselo mandulo waseRoma ubude, lwasebukhosini - umYiputa, nabakhulu - Lithuanian. Zisekhona isiGrike, nto leyo yaba ubude ngeesentimitha eziyi-230. Kukwakho ezincinane, umtya wokulinganisa, lo ipolisa, uNondyebo, kulula, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Abazange umlinganiselo kunye iziphindwa ngalinye enye. Nakuba kunjalo ngokufuthi kaloku abantu ezahlukeneyo basebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yomlinganiselo.

Eyona ziifatom zixhaphakileyo

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezithandwayo esetyenziswa bonke. Yeyona endala: a elula iinyawo ezisixhenxe, leyo ilingana iisentimitha 150, intsomi okanye flywheel - iisentimitha 176 kwaye elibhalwe ngokumileyo iinyawo ezisixhenxe - 248 cm. ubude bayo umiselwa umgama phakathi kweminwe eyolukileyo isandla sakhe kunye unyawo malunga kwikonw ngekona. Le mbono wasinda kwi mzekeliso 'elibhalwe ngokumileyo iinyawo zibe sixhenxe emagxeni. " Ngoko ke sithetha ngamaqhawe. Kwakukho ezincinane iinyawo ezisixhenxe, nto leyo ilingana umgama ukusuka ezandleni eyolukileyo phantsi. Leyo mali ngokweesentimitha 142. Ngoko ke kunzima kakhulu ukuba bathi, iinyawo ezisixhenxe - oku iisentimitha ezininzi ngayo. Kufuneka kuqala isigqibo ubungakanani apho ubude mbuzo.

ziifatom Njengoko walisebenzisa Russia

Wood kunye ezintanjeni umlinganiselo esetyenziswa nomlinganiselo umgama, umzekelo, ukufumanisa ubungakanani komhlaba kunye nolwakhiwo. badla Kwathi ukuba inkosi nganye uwufumene yakhe zobuqu. Baye zasasazwa ehlabathini 10 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kubo, ezi zonke na amanani apheleleyo, yaye abazange iziphindwa ngalinye enye. Zazisetyenziswa becala ngenxa umlinganiselo amaxabiso avareji. Ke kaloku omnye uwufumene kubalwe kwiimitha ezimbini, kodwa ngokubanzi ubukhulu balo isusela ukusuka iisentimitha 142 ukuya 248. Ngoko ke, abo banomdla iiyadi ezininzi kangakanani kwimitha, wammisa ukuba abe yini umbuzo elisebenzayo.

izakhiwo Russian

Nangona isibakala sokuba ukwakhiwa eRussia bayisebenzisa ukuba ziifatom ezahlukeneyo, iitempile bamandulo kunye nezinye izakhiwo ngobambana indlela imvisiswano ukulingana. Kutheni na le nto? Xa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo labazobi yamandulo wayethembele banda zendalo. Yiyiphi imigaqo ethe yasetyenziswa ekwakheni?

Ubude beendonga ukuphakama izakhiwo liqulethe yonke imali iiyadi. Oku kuhambelana nemigaqo i "kwicandelo yegolide".

Kuba ukwakhiwa zazisoloko kusetyenziswa akukho namnye kodwa ziifatom eziliqela. Enye ukulinganisa ububanzi besakhiwo, enye - kuba ubude. Ubude kucacisa ukuba ziifatom wesithathu, kwaye Kumbindi yesine ekucwangciselwa yena. Ukuba isakhiwo nomnye umgangatho, ngoko kusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kwalo phezu ziifatom ezilishumi.

Enye inkalo - ngexesha lokwakha lokufumana amanyathelo ezincinane ubude oluveliswa ngokwahlula zibe ukuba ziifatom ezimashumi mabini. Nsati polsazheni ziifatom ngekota (okanye engqinibeni), yesibhozo (intshi) kunye namashumi amathathu yesibini (intshi).

Kutheni izakhiwo amandulo kubonakala evumelana kangaka

Nangona ukuntsonkotha izibalo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo iiyadi, izakhiwo bamandulo nangoku ndiyayoliswa abantu ukulingana bayo nobugcisa nemfezeko. Nabani na umntu aziva ekhululekile kubo, ngenxa yokuba zakhiwe kunye nokusetyenziswa ukusebenza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni ziifatom waba ixabiso ethile rhoqo. Ngamnye kubo kuvele imilinganiselo ezenziwe ngoncedo izandla, iingalo, iingalo neenyawo zabantu.

Zonke izakhiwo amandulo kubonakala ngokumangalisayo ivumelane ne bakulindele esinye isizathu esasetyenziswa zendalo-inxalenye ezintathu, kunokuba mihla part-ezimbini mgaqo izahlulelo zabo. Ngaphezu koko, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba umlinganiselo ukuba ziifatom elide liyangqinelana ezincinane i "kwicandelo yegolide". Kwaye eli nani neziya kubalwa ukuya kwiindawo ezine wokugqibela.

Abantu Modern baqhelene ingqiqo ka "uwufumene", ikakhulu isuka imisebenzi ezakudala Russian okanye amaqhalo. Ukongeza ibinzana elithi "elibhalwe ngokumileyo iinyawo ezisixhenxe kwi emagxeni" zisetyenziswa ezifana "aphezu ishishini iveki, kwaye phezu kwakho - on sazhenku," "log ukuba livila - iinyawo asixhenxe" kunye nabanye. Akumangalisi ukuba abaninzi banomdla umbuzo: uwufumene - oku kangakanani? Nangona, enyanisweni, impendulo ocacile wokuba lo mbuzo kunikwa.