Ivana Velikogo Bell Tower le Moscow yesicelo

Xa Cathedral Square of the yesicelo yentsimbi kwinqaba St. Ioanna Lestvichnika, okwabizwa ngokuba Ivan Enkulu Bell. I yesicelo nezakhiwo zawo zonke zihlangene zibe iyunithi eyodwa intliziyo komkhulu. Ngowe-2008, le lesikhumbuzo izakhiwo eneminyaka engama-500 ubudala.

Church of St. Ioanna Lestvichnika

Ivana Velikogo Bell kwiNqaba Moscow yesicelo isusela emva kweenkulungwane eziliqela kwimbali, kwaye uqalisa countdown yayo ku 1329. Loo nyaka waseka Church of St. Ioanna Lestvichnika ebukumkanini Ivan Kalita. Le tempile yasekwa injengenqaba intsimbi, ngoko ke igumbi lavunyelwa ukuba ixilongo iintsimbi entle, zibekwe phezu kumanqanaba aphezulu ibandla. Kwimingxuma eziye zenziwa kwi XIX-XX iinkulungwane, wachaza ukuba isakhiwo sokuyilwa embhoxo iintlafuno Armenia amandulo. Ngaphandle ibandla yakhe macala ezisibhozo, kwaye icandelo engaphakathi ibandla ngokumila limise. Kwicala elingasempumalanga apse ibekwe nakwiingqameko omise kunye amankenteza zabekwa kumgangatho wesibini. Le tempile wabakho ngaphambi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVI.

Bonovskaya belfry

Ngowe-1505 ebudeni bolawulo Grand Prince Vasily III, ibandla endala wachithwa. Kwindawo enye yayakhiwe icawa entsha eyenzelwe yi iinkosi evela eItali, uWele Bon Fryazin. Le tempile yakhiwa kwinkumbulo of Tsar Ivan III. Ukwakhiwa lwaqhutywa kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu. Ngowe-1508,-tiered ezimbini intsimbi Inqaba lilungile. Isiko izakhiwo, ngokuqhelekileyo Italy ngelo xesha, nempembelelo kakhulu izakhiwo zetempile. Kungenxa yoko le nto zokwakha kwafuneka ezinde intsimbi eziliqela, nto leyo zibekwe ngokwahlukeneyo omnye komnye. Icawa yafumana elinye igama - ". Bonovskaya intsimbi Tower" ikholam encomekayo wajoyina yesicelo iitempile zinaso kwi lomculo enye. Yaba ibandla ilitye yesibini eMoscow. KweTrone St. Ioanna Lestvichnika laphehlelelwa kumgangatho wokuqala ngesakhiwo.

Ngowe-1532 kwicala elingasemntla intsimbi ende belfry lwakwakhiwa indlu ka ukwenyuka kweprojekthi lomnye lokwakha evela eItali - Petroc Minor. Kwagqitywa Wayefuna ukuba intsimbi eqinileyo onobunzima 1,000 leeponti, ebizwa ngokuba "umvangeli". Ukugqitywa zolwakhiwo belfry ngo-1543 iingcibi zasekuhlaleni wenziwe. Ngqo tempile zibekwe kumgangatho wesithathu, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni leri okhethekileyo. Kwazo sise igubu Belfry nge nkundla.

Inkolelo belfry

Ngowe-1600, isivuno kulo lonke elo lizwe ulusizana, yindlala abahlali. Boris Godunov, ukusindisa abantu bakhe, wagqiba ukwenza kuncendile enkulu Bonovskoy intsimbi nenqaba leyo owenza bafika bonke abantu imida. Wayefuna ukuba ayigqibe enamanqanaba enye, kwaye kwakhona ukudala Enkulu Church of St. John kumgangatho osezantsi. Ngoko ke, lo isakhiwo yonke wayenxibe igama elahlukileyo - Ivan i Bell Omkhulu. Umgangatho Okuqhotyoshelwe waba zezindlu kwimilo, yaye ukuphakama nenqaba intsimbi lanyuka ukuya kwiimitha ezili-82. Yaba isakhiwo inkulu yelo xesha. Ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu, oko kuya kufuneka zidlule degrees 329. Phantsi lwesakhiwo wetempile ilukrolo umbhalo ngoonobumba zegolide, nto leyo ebonisa umhla ekwakhiweni kwayo amagama ookumkani ababelawula ngelo xesha (Boris Godunov kunye nonyana wakhe). Kwi indawo engqonge nenqaba intsimbi, leyo wayizalela igama Ivanovo, funda bonke ngokomyalelo wokumkani. Ukususela ngoko, i-yokubonisa "zikhala bonke Ivanovo".

Kwisiqingatha sesibini intsimbi nenqaba ngenkulungwane XVII yakhiwa ngokupheleleyo. Ebudeni bolawulo uMikhail Romanov noyise labefundisi Filaret wakhe, ngowe-1624, ngecala lasentla, owakhelwe Filaretova esakhiweni Bazhen Ogurtsova. Isakhiwo waba intente yephiramidi ilitye elimhlophe wambu iithayile. Ivan the Great Bell Moscow yesicelo wafumana igama elitsha - umbono Belfry.

Intsimbi ende IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic

IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic ka-1812 nefuthe elibi kwi oqingqiweyo izakhiwo. Abomkhosi French wazisusa umnqamlezo ihonjiswe ukususela kwinqaba wazama ukuwavuthela it up. Kodwa ngenxa nje Isihlomelo Filaret kunye intsimbi nenqaba ibekwe ukuya emntla. Ukuphela kwemfazwe, inkosi D. Gilardi wambuyisela ngokupheleleyo intsimbi Tower liqhuma elements, ukutshintsha ezinye olinganise kunye nesimbo iyonke yokwakha. Kwaye kule minyaka 1895-1897 Ivana Velikogo Bell Tower eMoscow yabuyiselwa S. Rodionov.

iimpawu zezakhiwo

Xa ukuphakama Ivana Velikogo intsimbi inqaba liphuma iimitha 82. Ukusuka kwindawo oluphezulu isakhiwo ngazo endhawini oziikhilomitha ezingama-30 emhlabeni ingqukuva. Nangona izakhiwo ezilula ngokwentelekiso nenqaba intsimbi, isakhiwo yokuba ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuhle. Olinganise zonke izinto zayo bachongwe ngendlela yokuba kudala evumelana kakhulu lomculo bokwakha. Enkosi iinkosi abanamava, waba esandleni kwindalo yawo, Ivana Velikogo Bell Tower ilitye lesikhumbuzo zembali awayeza eMoscow.

Amankenteza belfry

Ukwakhiwa bungama intsimbi 34, no-3 kuphela kubo wahlala phezu Filaretova annexe kunye belfry. Kumaxesha amandulo, intsimbi oxhonywe msebe iinkuni, kodwa XIX-XX iinkulungwane, baye indawo yi yentsimbi. Zonke iintsimbi zabakho iinkosi sokufaka kumatyala zaphawula ezahlukeneyo.

Mdala kubo - "The Bear", anobunzima ngaphezu kwe-7, waphoswa ngo-1501. Intsimbi kakhulu kakhulu kwaye ephawuleka i "Dormition" ( "Tsar Bell") ezinobunzima kweetoni 65, nolwathi uphose ngo-1819 ngu iinkosi Zavyalov kunye Rusinov ukusuka izinto endala. Intsimbi yesibini ngobukhulu i "emide", anobunzima 32, eyenzelwe Anton yaseChekhov ngo-1622. Inxulunyaniswa mnye episode kabuhlungu, xa 1855, obandayo intsimbi waziqhekeza waza, zibhabha imigangatho-5, wawa emhlabeni, ngokubulala umntu ngaphezu kwesinye. Intsimbi yesithathu ebalulekileyo "Sunday" ( "Semisotenny") anobunzima-13. Kuye kwaqulunqwa 1704, kunye I. Motorin kwi Filaret Annex.

Bell inqaba 18 iqulethe zonke iintsimbi. Kumgangatho ophantsi kukho 6 kubo, iphakathi apho omdala, nge-avareji - 9. kumgangatho ophezulu iqulethe iintsimbi 3, imbali yazo ayaziwa.

intsimbi Tower Museum

Kwinqanaba lokuqala kwingcinga Belfry yi iholo lolondolozo lwembali apho imisebenzi yezandla.

Nenqaba intsimbi ye-yesicelo History Museum ise e Moscow, ebonisa imizekelo izakhiwo ilitye elimhlophe yamandulo kwinkulungwane XIV, ubonisa esicace eMoscow kunye nezinye izinto yokuqala. nenqaba inkenteza neendonga ezihonjiswe uqikelelo ezikhumbuzo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuma kujongwa inika iimbono omkhulu yesicelo kunye nakwiindawo ezikufutshane. Kuba iindwendwe kukho sisikhokelo ekhethekileyo odiyo, nto leyo inceda ngabakhenkethi abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukufunda amanqaku ngembali yale oqingqiweyo lwezakhiwo, njengoko Ivan Enkulu Bell, inkcazo kunye neenkcukacha umdla.

Le oqingqiweyo lwezakhiwo ngemihla yethu

Namhlanje, Ivan Omkhulu Bell - kuba Museum ngoku, nto leyo ifumana amawaka abakhenkethi ehlabathini lonke yonke imihla. Le myuziyam ibonisa izinto zamandulo zobugcisa. Ngokusebenzisa ubugcisa bale mihla kunokwenzeka lokuphinda imbonakalo zingazange ziphile zize maxesha ethu zesikhumbuzo.

Kuyo ubukho eSoviet Union, nenqaba intsimbi yavalwa iindwendwe. Kwakhona ezintsimbi etempileni acula ngo-1992, ngomhla Easter oyiNgcwele. Yaye ukususela ngelo xesha, zonke iinkonzo ibandla kwi icawa yesicelo eziqhutywa phantsi chimes.

Ivan Enkulu Bell kwi yesicelo - ilitye lesikhumbuzo oxabisekileyo izakhiwo, nto leyo iba ubutyebi bembali kunye umdla. Wonke ubani waya eMoscow, unako ukuba Ngenxa yesi sakhiwo ikhethekileyo.