Uyilo izakhiwo zoshishino kunye nezakhiwo

Ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo zoshishino soloko ilandelwa ngu anda imithwalo kubume. Kulo mba, iteknoloji uhlala ukuphucula sikhokelo yolawulo elawula indawo iiprojekthi zokwakha yoyilo yale hlobo. Hi ndlela leyi, ukongezelela kwizakhiwo zoshishino zemveli, izakhiwo ezinjalo iinqaba zokugcina izinto, amatanki, neeculverts kunye nezinye izakhiwo zobunjineli. Nangona kunjalo, uyilo kwezakhiwo mveliso uneempawu zawo ngokwemiqathango yokusebenza esebenza kunye ergonomic. Iingcali kwakhona ukunika ithuba lokuba ukwandisa isakhiwo kunye Ithemba yokuphucula amandla ngobuchule bezinto.

imithetho jikelele

Kwinkqubo yoyilo, njengoko umgaqo, kufuneka ukuba zidibene sakhiwo kwiindawo ezininzi zemisebenzi, nto leyo eya kuba noxanduva lokugcina imathiriyeli kunye nezinto ekrwada, imveliso kunye nemisebenzi yobugcisa. Le isisombululo ikuvumela ukuba nokwandisa amathuba lwendawo ugcine isithuba. Kwakhona kwi ndawo sayifumana izixhobo ezininzi zingasetyenziswa kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, isakhiwo mveliso imigangatho yoyilo ifuna ukuba izinto kunokwenzeka eyenzelwe kwi umgaqo yemodyuli, ubukhulu nolungelelaniso. Kwakhona, le ndlela entsha ukuyila, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukusebenzisa isithuba ngokufanelekileyo.

Nangona ingongoma engundoqo imigangatho yokhuseleko, azinakho ukutyeshelwa, kwaye ke iimfuno zobugcisa kunye noqoqosho kwimeko loyilo kangangoko. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, uyilo kwezakhiwo zoshishino amandla aphezulu yokusebenza ngendlela esekelwe.

imigangatho yokhuseleko Accounting

izibonelelo Industrial ngenkani phezulu nje kuphela inxalenye zobugcisa. Ukwakha kunye nezakhiwo eyomeleziweyo umthwalo-obuvelisa - kuyimfuneko ekuqhutyweni kweeprojekthi ezinjalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko abantu abakhonza iziko mveliso kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo imiba eyahlukeneyo. Ngokukodwa, mimiselo ifuna ukungqinelana microclimatic ophezulu kunye nemiqathango yococeko kule ndawo yokusebenza.

Ukuba ekuyileni izakhiwo industrial, umsebenzi nto leyo enxulumene processing of imichiza eyingozi, yomatshini kakhul kufuneka lubonelelwe. Izalathisi izinto Umxholo ezinobungozi kufuneka esweni qho ngexesha nokusebenza izakhiwo ezinjalo. zingasetyenziswa koko anoomatshini bokungenisa kwakhona ababeqondisa ngokufakwa kumgaqo okuzenzekelayo okanye lwencwadi enoncedo ye umoya. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo i parameters iqondo lobushushu microclimate, eya kulawulwa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

ucwangciso lokwakha

izibonelelo ndawo aya kumiselwa ngokuhlangeneyo kunye zonke izibonelelo, kuquka technical, emoyeni, emhlabeni kunye kumgangatho ongaphantsi. Kuxhomekeka indawo ye into kufuneka lubonelelwe izicatshulwa ezikhethekileyo zenkonzo yonxibelelwano. izakhiwo Industrial kakhulu befuna izixhobo lwezibonelelo, ukuze ukufikeleleka kubo kufuneka babe nithi ningabakhululekileyo nje, kodwa ngaxeshanye, ubunjineli womnatha ndifihle yayigcinwa ezizodwa. Kulo mba, ukuyilwa Izakhiwo zokuhlala kunye zoshishino, ngokunjalo kwiiholo imveliso kunye ngokulinganayo ingqalelo ukufumaneka kunye nokuthembeka criteria.

Musa ukulibala malunga neenqobo okukhethekileyo kwamandla alingeneyo. ukwabiwa ubengo yonxibelelwano zombane, umzekelo, uya kusindisa umlinganiselo omkhulu iindleko zokwakha. Ngaphezu isilingi kufuneka sibandakanye ithuba kumaqonga ukuhlohla iinkonzo zenkxaso zokuthutha, moya nendwe, izixhobo izibane kunye monorails.

engineering kwesakhiwo

Kuqala uphuhliso lolwakhiwo ucwangciso izigqibo kufuneka luphunyezwe kugxininiswa ukunciphisa ingozi yokwenzakala. Oko kukuthi, inkqubo intshukumo abasebenzi ukwenza imisebenzi, ukusetyenziswa koomatshini mobile kunye nezixhobo kufuneka babe ekhuselekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuphumeza olu hlobo izakhiwo yokhuseleko kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto eziphakamileyo-amandla, zithwele amandla apho bahambelana imithwalo sakhiwo. Kufuneka siqwalaselwe kunye neemfuno ukwenzela uzinzo izinto ngokunxulumene ukuwa okuqhubekayo.

nezinto Ukunikela kwaye isiseko wesakhiwo ngethuba zokwakha kufuneka kuthweswa kunye namandla ngokwaneleyo kunye nokusebenza phantsi imithwalo eziphakamileyo, okwenza ukuba imigangatho yobugcisa isniphu amaxwebhu. Uyilo izakhiwo zoshishino kule ndawo ibandakanya kungekuphela nje ukusebenza izibalo kwi nefuthe imithwalo ukusuka ubunzima bayo. Kuxhomekeka iimeko zemozulu zendawo nayo ekubaleni imithwalo emoyeni nekhephu.

Eyila inkxaso yeziseko

Ngenxa yobume ukusebenza ezininzi izakhiwo zoshishino ukusebenza ukuqinisekisa iziseko zobunjineli zikamasipala badla zigxininisa hayi kwi-network umzila, kwaye ukuphunyezwa lobuchwepheshe iimeko ngokuphumeza amanyathelo ezinjalo. Ukuze lula izenzo ufakelo ekuyileni izakhiwo zoshishino ekuqaleni ukuquka iindawo ezizodwa zobugcisa ukulungiselela ukuqaliswa kwe-zokufudumeza leesekethe, ubonelelo lwamanzi kunye nokufakelwa kombane. Xa Uhlobo lwamalungiselelo kwindawo inikezela imigangatho ukufikelela kunye yayigcinwa yophahla kumiswe. Kwelinye icala, esi sisombululo ibhexesha amanyathelo yokumiselwa, kwelinye icala - kwinkonzo inikezela ngonikezelo simahla kwiinkonzo zonxibelelwano.

Design uveza izakhiwo multi-ezinemigangatho

Iiprojekthi zezinto multi-ezinemigangatho iyimitha e-15 m ngaphezu komhlaba inika bekwilift umkhweli. Pre-Bacinge isithuba yonxulumaniso imiphantsi ezichaphazelekayo, kwakunye nenkxaso infrastructure. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuyilwa kwezakhiwo mveliso kunye nezakhiwo akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle yokubala bekwilift kwempahla. Inani kunye nomthamo kwezixhobo ephakamisa ixhomekeke imithwalo kunye umkhweli kwezithuthi. Ngokomzekelo, omnye ikheshi ngokwaneleyo enisebenza nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi 30, ukuba isakhiwo lunobude omalunga 15 m.

iimpawu Uyilo izakhiwo yokugcina

Ukuntsonkotha loyilo lwamaziko zokugcina ngokuqhelekileyo enxulumene nokugcinwa ethile impahla kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, igumbi apho uceba iqulathe iimveliso zokutya, kufuneka kulindwa ngaphandle ezibukhali. Kule lemveliso imiqobo izinto ezinjalo kufuneka ibe namandla ngokwaneleyo na ukuba baluma mouse. Isibonelelo umoya nkqubo kunye namazibuko channel adjustable - yimeko kuyimfuneko ukuba iimpahla ziya kugcinwa kunye neemfuno ezahlukeneyo microclimate nokufikelela emoyeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le civil engineering izakhiwo lezoshishino nemveliso kunye yokugcina ukutya kwaye kwenziwa ukulindela iimfuno ezithile izixhobo kunye finishes. Hi xikombiso, le ezigquma umgangatho ayikwazi kuyilwa kwe decking kunye mayidlule Ukwakhiwa yemastic kunye namanye amacandelo eziyingozi indalo.

Uyilo yokusingatha ngamacebo

Iinyanda imveliso kunye nendawo yokugcina - yokufumana isisombululo esifanayo kolu shishino. Noko ke, ngokuba ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo izakhiwo ezinjalo yokuhlanganiswa izixhobo zokuphatha ezifanelekileyo iyafuneka. Le misebenzi yenziwa ngokuphakamisa amaqonga nokufakela iindawo, leyo eyenzelwe ukuba ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ukhuseleko jikelele abasebenzi kunye nokukhuselwa kwempahla umonakalo. Imilinganiselo iiyunithi azimisele ngokusekelwe data kwi nengeniso kwempahla kwinkampani ethile.

Ukongeza, ukuyilwa kwezakhiwo mveliso namashishini kwicala ukukhweliswa nokothula izakhiwo kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo iimfuno zokhuseleko umlilo. Oku ikakhulu isebenza iilifti ezikufutshane kwezakhiwo kunye nezixhobo kwinkqubo. Uyilo ezinjalo kufuneka ekuqaleni iyaphuhliswa ukusetyenziswa izinto ezingezizo ezingatshiyo nobushushu ezingatshiyo.

isiphelo

Umgangatho komsebenzi yoyilo ixhomekeke ubukhulu becala amagcisa ingqibelelo. Esi sikhokelo zolawulo inika ulwazi olwaneleyo ukuze bakwazi ukwenza inkqenkqeza yonke into isisombululo yoyilo efanelekileyo. Ngoko ke, umthengi kufuneka bakhokelwe umbutho, abo namava olwaneleyo kwizinto ezinjalo. ERashiya, banjalo iinkampani zokwakha "Amaqela AZNH" Neocomian kunye liqu. Ukuyila Izakhiwo zokuhlala mveliso, le mibutho salwenza kunye nokusetyenziswa iindlela zale mihla yocwangciso lwedolophu. Ngokukodwa, iinjineli, abakhi ngxi nqanaba ukulungiselela izisombululo isiseko sikhokelwa ukusetyenziswa izinto ezintsha. Kwakhona kule nkqubo zisetyenziswa obungenamasolotya iinkqubo zolwazi zejografi ukuba umgangatho ukwenza uhlalutyo entsonkothileyo imimandla ukuchaza eminye imiqathango yokusebenza le.